Isikhokelo somphathi wentsimiii-welds ze-exothermic ezingasebenziyo— izizathu ezintlanu zenkqubo, indlela yokuxilonga, kunye novavanyo lokungaphumeleli kwe-weld olusebenzisanayo onokulusebenzisa ngaphambi kokuba ucime nantoni na.
- Uninzi lokusilela kwe-exothermic weld "ngequbuliso" alukho ngequbuliso konke konke: malunga ne-80% ibuyela umva kwenye yezizathu ezintlanu zenkqubo ababoneleli abangazibali rhoqo - ukufuma okubambekileyo, igrafiti egugileyo, umgubo omncinci, ukulungiswa komqhubi ongcolisiweyo, okanye ixesha lokutsha kwe-cold-mold.
- Ijoyinti ebonakala ichanekileyo isenokulinganisa i-800 micro-ohm xa ithelekiswa ne-30–50 micro-ohm ephilileyo, kuba ukujonga ngamehlo akuboni ukuxinana kwe-conductor-side okanye i-oxide lamination.
- Amalungu angasebenziyo awanakugalelwa kwakhona endaweni yawo — nciphisa ubuncinane i-50 mm yesikhondisi udlule kwindawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu, chonga unobangela, uze ulungise kwakhona ngesikhunta ngaphakathi kwefestile yaso yenkonzo ye-50–100.
- NgokweIsalathiso sikaCadweld se-nVent ERICO, le nkqubo ivelisa i-molecular bond, hayi eye-mechanical — ngoko ke nayiphi na imo yokusilela edala i-interface (ifilimu yokufuma, i-oxide lamination, i-void) iyoyisa iteknoloji evela ngaphakathi.
- Zethuumgca wokubumba we-thermit weldingilinganiswe ngemijikelo engama-50–100 kunye namalungu angama-80–100 asetyenziswa entsimini, enziwe ngomatshini wegrafiti yeprimiyamu ukuze umngxuma uhlale ixesha elide — kodwa umngundo ongaphandle kwefestile awusengumngundo, ngumthwalo.
- Sebenzisa i-interactiveUkuxilongwa kokusilela kweWeldngezantsi ngaphambi kokuba usike ilungu elinye — khetha uphawu olubonayo kwindawo oza kudibana kuyo uze ufumane unobangela onokwenzeka kunye namanyathelo okuphatha ngokukhawuleza.
Kwiiveki ezintathu ezidlulileyo, umakhi waseCebu undithumelele iifoto ngentsimbi ye-11 ebusuku ngexesha lendawo. Ama-joints angamakhulu amabini e-exothermic ayethululwe kwikota edlulileyo kwigridi yomhlaba yesitishi esingama-33 kV. Kwakusekuqaliseni ukusebenza kusasa olulandelayo. Isiqingatha sama-joints sasibonakala sigqibelele. Esinye isiqingatha sasinama-micro-blowholes ecaleni kwendlela yokuphuma yomqhubi kwaye sasilinganisa phakathi kwama-600 nama-900 micro-ohm, ngokuchasene nama-30 ukuya kuma-50 aphilileyo kwisiqingatha esihle. Umthengisi - hayi thina - wayeziseumgubo wesinyithi othungelweyokwinqanawa eyayihleli kwizibuko laseManila kangangeentsuku ezintathu zemvula. Akukho mntu wavula ikhatriji enye ukuze ayijonge.
Loo mnxeba yimbangela yale nqaku. Emva kweminyaka eli-17 yokwenziwa koomatshiniii-molds zokuwelda ezishushuKubathengi bamanye amazwe — kunye neminyaka eli-12 ndibukele iingxelo zabo zokugunyaziswa — ndiyekile ukukholelwa ekusileleni ngequbuliso. Oko kubonakala ngequbuliso phantse rhoqo yimpazamo yenkqubo engakhange iphawulwe mntu kuba iphepha leenkcukacha alizange libaxelele ukuba bajonge. Nantsi into endiyithumelayo ngoku kubo bonke abakhontraktha abandibiza ngokuba "yimfihlakalo" yokusilela, ngokulandelelana endibahambisa ngako kwindawo.
Kutheni i-Thermit Weld engaphumeleliyo iphantse ingaphumeleli ngendlela ocinga ngayo
Kufuneka ndiqale ndiwucel’ umngeni umzobo, kuba ubumba zonke izigqibo zokusombulula iingxaki ezenziwa liqela. Xa umakhi endibiza ngokuba “ngumatshini wokuwelda ongaphumelelanga”, ndibuza umbuzo omnye ngaphambi kokuba ndibuze nantoni na enye:ingaba ilungu lakha laphumelela uvavanyo lokuxhathisa, okanye lahluleka ekuqaliseni ukusebenza kwalo okokuqala xa lalilinganiswa?Impendulo itshintsha yonke into, kuba ilungu eliye lonakala ekusebenzeni kunye nelungu elalineengxaki kwi-pour-day ziingxaki ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo ezinezizathu ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.
Ngokweencwadi zolawulo lokwaluphala malunga noqhagamshelo lombane olungcwatyiweyo olubhekiselwe kwiinkonzo zikagesi zase-US (i-NUREG-1800, ingxelo ye-Generic Aging Lessons Learned esetyenzisiweyo ukuthethelela amashumi eminyaka okwandiswa kobomi bezityalo), iindlela ezibhaliweyo zokuwohloka kwamalungu angcwatyiweyo yi-thermal cycling, i-ohmic heating, i-vibration, kunye ne-corrosion - kwaye ingxelo icacile ukuba ezi ziindlela ezisebenza kwiindawo ezisebenzisanayo.i-exothermic weld ayinayo indlela yokujonga ubudala, kuba ii-conductors kunye nobhedu olunyibilikisiweyo ziba yinxalenye enye yesinyithi eqhubekayo ngexesha lokusabela. Ngoko ke xa i-exothermic joint ethelwe kakuhle ingaphumeleli ukusebenza, ukusilela akusoloko kukwi-weld metal ngokwayo — ikwicandelo le-conductor apho i-weld ingafikelelwanga khona, okanye kwi-micro-gap ye-thermal-cycling i-weld eshiywe ngasemva kuba i-powder charge yayingalunganga ngomhla wokuthululwa.
Yintoni "isiphene esivela kwi-pour day" ebonakala ngayo ngokwenene kwityala lokubulala
Iijoyinti ezingamakhulu amabini zaseCebu zindifundise indlela enye eye yahlala iqinile kuzo zonke iintsilelo zamalungu amaninzi endizihambileyo ukusukela ngoko. Xa sinqumla ijoyinti engasebenziyo sivula kwaye sicoca icandelo elinqamlezileyo, sibona enye yezakhiwo ezincinci ezintlanu eziphindaphindayo, kwaye nganye ihambelana kakuhle nenye yezizathu ezintlanu zenkqubo kulo lonke eli nqaku:
- Imingxunya yokuphefumla iqokelelene kufutshane nomphezulu womqhubi.Umphunga ovela kumswakama ovalelekileyo — uninzi lwazo ludla ngokuba ngumgubo omanzi, ngamanye amaxesha umqhubi omanzi, ngamanye amaxesha uyafuma kwisikhunta esibandayo.
- I-oxide lamination ehambelana ne-axis yomqhubi.Ungcoliseko phakathi komqhubi kunye nesinyithi esitshixiweyo — ioyile evela kwiminwe, i-oxide eseleyo evela kwintambo engacocwanga kakuhle, okanye ifilimu ye-release-agent evela kwi-mold engazange ifudunyezwe kwangaphambili.
- Umngxuma ongazaliswanga ngokwaneleyo onomphezulu oneentsimbi ezicoliweyo.I-graphite mold egugileyo idlule umlinganiselo wayo womjikelo, okanye i-powder charge encinci ye-conductor cross-section eyayizaliswa ngu-conductor.
- Umgca ovaliweyo obandayo apho iinxalenye ezimbini zesinyithi zingakwazanga ukudibana khona.Ixesha lokutshisa lalingalunganga malunga nobushushu besikhunta - phantse rhoqo kuba abasebenzi bazama ukutshisa isikhunta ngqo evenkileni enomoya opholileyo ngentsasa ebandayo.
- I-weld bead ebotshelelwe kwi-conductor enye kuphela kwezimbini kwi-crossover.Ukungalingani komngundo xa uvala, okanye idiski yomgubo isuse umngxuma wempompo ngexesha lokutsha.
Wakuba ufunde ezi zakhiwo zintlanu, incoko yokusombulula iingxaki ayisayi kuba yinto yokuqagela. Okuseleyo kwesi sikhokelo kuhamba ngendlela endiya kuyiphanda ngayo kwindawo, kunye nenyathelo lokuqinisekisa eliyingqinayo ngaphambi kokuba usike ijoyinti enye.
Ngaba ukufuma yingxaki yokwenyani xa i-Thermit Weld ingaphumeleli?
Ukufuma yeyona nto ndikhokela kuyo kuba yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwaye ixolela kakhulu. Ubhedu olunyibilikisiweyo oluvela kwi-exothermic reaction luhlala malunga ne-1,083 °C — indawo yokunyibilika kobhedu — kwaye kwangoko xa ludibana namanzi, loo manzi ayabila abe ngumphunga aze ande malunga namaxesha ayi-1,700 ngobuninzi. Umphunga unyanzela indlela yawo yokubuyela kwisinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, ushiye umkhondo wemingxuma yokuvuthela, kwaye ijoyinti iyachaphazeleka ngaphambi kokuba iphole.Uphando lweziganeko ze-OSHA malunga nemisebenzi yokufakelwa kwe-thermit, le ndlela inye ibangele ukwenzakala okukhulu kokutsha kunye nokutsha kwabasebenzi kunayo nayiphi na enye impazamo yenkqubo ye-exothermic.
Isizathu sokuba oku kungaphumeleli kancinci kukuba umswakama unendawo ezintathu zokufihla, kwaye inye kuphela kuzo ecacileyo.
- Umgubo omanzi.Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokusilela kobuninzi. Umgubo uthunyelwa kwiitini ezivaliweyo ngesizathu esithile - xa itini ivuliwe, umxholo uya kuba hygroscopic kwaye uya kufunxa umswakama ongqongileyo kwiindawo ezikufutshane nemozulu kunxweme kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ikhatriji "ebonakala yomile" ayomi.
- Abaqhubi abamanzi.Intambo yobhedu kunye nentsimbi egqunywe lubhedu zombini zigcina umswakama kwiindawo ezingaphakathi kwentambo. Intambo ebigcinwe ingagqunywanga kwindawo ngexesha lemvula imanzi ngaphakathi nokuba ngaphandle ibonakala yomile, kwaye umphezulu owomileyo ngetotshi uya kuphinda ufunxe umswakama kwimizuzu embalwa emoyeni ofumileyo.
- Ukufuma kwesikhunta esibandayo.I-graphite mold ekhutshwe kwindawo yokubeka umoya opholileyo kwi-18°C isiya kusasa kwi-32°C, 85%-umswakama iya kujika i-film yamanzi eludongeni lwayo ngaphambi kokuba abasebenzi babe nomqhubi endaweni yayo. Emva koko i-galela ibamba loo film phakathi kodonga lwe-mold kunye nesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo.
Ukuhlolwa kwesidumbu saseCebu kwimigca emithathu
Iindawo zokufaka ityuwa eCebu zasilela kuba umgubo wawuhleli kwidokhi emanzi ngenxa yemvula kwaye abasebenzi bavula iitini ngentsasa yokugalela. Basebenzise umgubo nangona kunjalo kuba wawubonakala womile - kwaye icala elingaphantsi le-bead, kuyo yonke indawo yokufaka ityuwa engasebenziyo, labonisa ipateni edibeneyo yomngxuma oshiyekileyo emva komphunga oqhutywa ngumswakama. Ukuhlolwa kwe-desiccant yemizuzu engama-20 kwiikhatriji ezintathu zesampuli ngaphambi kokuba kugalelwe kwakuya kubamba lonke iqela, kwaye abasebenzi babeya kuba bazi ukuba bazivalele abanye.
Ngaba iGraphite Mold yakho igugile ngaphaya kwefestile yayo yenkonzo ethembekileyo?
Le yimbangela yokuba ababoneleli bajongane nemeko embi kakhulu, kuba indlela yokusilela ayibonakali kumthengi kwaye ukubalwa kwemijikelo yinto eyaziwa ngumthengisi kuphela.Uncwadi lwemveliso ye-nVent ERICO's CadweldIigrafu zegrafiti zilinganisa imijikelezo yenkonzo emalunga nama-50 ukuya kwi-100, kwaye kumgca wethu silinganisa zethuiimbumba zokuwelda ze-thermitngemijikelo efanayo engama-50 ukuya kwe-100, kunye namalungu angama-80 ukuya kwe-100 asetyenziswa ngendlela eqhelekileyo ebaleni. Emva koko, umngxuma ukhukulisekile ngokwaneleyo kangangokuba umngxuma wempompo awusakwazi ukulinganisa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kakuhle kwilungu.
Isibonakaliso esinyanisekileyo sesikhunta esigugileyo asikuko ukuqhekeka onokukubona — yikhunta eliweldayo elilahlekelwa yimo yalo yomqamelo kwaye liqala ukutyibilika ngaphakathi embindini. Isikhunta esitsha sivelisa ikhunta eligoba kancinci phezu komqhubi, kuba itshaja yempuphu igcwalisa kancinci umngxuma kwaye itshixa engaphezulu ingena kwi-riser. Isikhunta esigugileyo siyazalisa ngaphantsi, kuba umngxuma ukhulu ngokwaneleyo kangangokuba itshaja yempuphu efanayo ayisenawo ubuninzi bokugoba. Abasebenzi bayayilungisa ngokongeza umgubo, othi emva koko ufudumale umngxuma kwaye ukhawulezise ukuguguleka — i-feedback loop ethatha malunga namashumi amabini eemililo ezimbi ukutshabalalisa isikhunta ngokupheleleyo.
Indlela yokubeka amanqaku kwisikhunta ongazange usithenge kuthi
Ukuba uzuze ilifa lee-molds komnye umthengisi, linganisa enye kwi-mold eyaziwayo ye-geometry efanayo. I-graphite mold ilahlekelwa malunga ne-3 ukuya kwi-8 grams ngomjikelo ngamnye ngenxa yokukhukuliseka kobushushu kunye nokucoca; i-mold engama-50 grams phantsi kobunzima bayo bokuqala ibinemijikelo engaphezulu kunokuba ivumela umlinganiselo wayo. Okwesibini, jonga imo ye-weld bead kwii-pour ezintlanu zokugqibela - ukuba kukho nayiphi na kuzo edityaniswe ngaphakathi, i-mold ityhalelwe ngaphaya kwefestile yayo yenkonzo ethembekileyo.IEEE Std 837-2014, isakhelo seziqinisekiso zoqhagamshelwano olusisigxina lwesiseko somhlaba, ijiyometri yomngxuma we-weld yinxalenye yobungqina beziqinisekiso - ngoko ke isikhunta esigugileyo asingomngcipheko womgangatho nje kuphela, singumngcipheko wokuthobela umthetho ngokuchasene nomgangatho ijoyinti eyayichazwe kuwo.
Ngaba i-Powder Charge engancinci ingaphazamisa ii-Welds zakho ngokuzolileyo?
Umgubo uza ngobukhulu obuqhelekileyo bekhatriji ngesizathu.Ngenxa yokuba umlinganiselo womgubo ukuya kubhedu lutshintsho olumisela ukuba impendulo ivelisa ubushushu obaneleyo ukunyibilikisa ngokupheleleyo icandelo elinqamlezileyo lomqhubi, ukuncitshiswa kwekhatriji kudala ijoyinti ethulula into eqinileyo ngaphandle kodwa idityaniswe kancinci kwindawo edibanisa umqhubi.I-bead ibukeka ilungile. Ukumelana kuthetha inyani emva kweenyanga ezintandathu xa ilungu lishushu phantsi komsinga wokuqala we-fault.
Inguqulelo enyanisekileyo yale mpazamo kukuba amaqela ngamanye amaxesha atshintsha ikhatriji encinci xa ubungakanani obufanelekileyo buphelile, becinga ukuba "malunga nexabiso elifanayo lesinyithi". Inguqulelo engathembekanga kukuba abanye abathengisi baya kuthengisa ikhatriji #115 ngexabiso le #150 kuba ifomu yoku-odola yekontraka ithi "intambo ukuya kwikhebula yi-50 mm²" ngaphandle kokuchaza isibini esipheleleyo sekhontraktha. Zombini ziphela ngejoyinti efanayo: i-bead entle, i-micro-gap efihliweyo kwikhontraktha, kunye nokumelana okunyuka unyaka nonyaka.
Ngaba ii-Shortcuts zokulungiselela umqhubi ziyimbangela efihlakeleyo yamalungu axhathisa kakhulu?
Ndibukele amaqela echitha imizuzu engamashumi amabini ecoca inxalenye ebonakalayo yomsonto wobhedu aze atsibe icandelo elingena ngaphakathi komngxuma womngundo, kuba iphepha leenkcukacha lithi “icocekile ukuya kwisinyithi esikhanyayo” ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuba njani.Ngenxa yokuba i-bond iyenzeka kumphezulu we-conductor ongaphakathi komngxuma ngexesha lokuthululwa, icandelo elingcolileyo phantsi komngxuma lenza i-joint eqhubekayo ngaphandle kunye ne-oxide-laminated ngaphakathi.
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo endiyibonayo kwiindlela zokulahla inkunkuma ayingomdaka — yiminwe. Abasebenzi baphatha icandelo lomqhubi elingena ngaphakathi kwisikhunta, bashiye ifilimu yeoyile encinci eluswini lwabo, kwaye ubhedu olunyibilikisiweyo alunakumanzisa kuloo filimu ukuze ludibane nesinyithi esisisiseko. Isiphumo sijoyinti eneplani ye-oxide eqhubekayo phakathi kwesinyithi esiweldayo kunye nomqhubi, kwaye iplani ye-oxide luhlobo lonxibelelwano olubhalwe yi-NUREG-1800 njengendlela yokuwohloka phantsi komjikelo wobushushu.
- Sebenzisa ibhrashi yentsimbi ebukhali nekhethekileyo kwisixhobo ngasinye somqhubi — ubhedu, intsimbi egqunywe lubhedu, kunye nentsimbi egqunywe nge-galvanized nganye ifuna ibhrashi yayo.
- Sula indawo ecociweyo ngelaphu elingena-lint elimanziswe nge-isopropyl alcohol, hayi ngesandla esigqunywe iiglavu.
- Hlambulula kwakhona ukuba umqhubi wemoto uhlala emoyeni ixesha elingaphezulu kwemizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi kokuba kuthululwe, kuba ubhedu olutsha luphinda lunyibilike ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezikufutshane nolwandle nakwimizi-mveliso.
- Bamba indawo ecociweyo ngepliers ezicocekileyo okanye ngelaphu elicocekileyo ukususela ngoko ukuya phambili — akukho kudibana nolusu.
Ngaba iCold-Mold Ignition Time ibangela ukungaphumeleli kwakho kweMorning-Shift?
Le yimbangela yokuba akukho mntu ubhala phantsi, kuba ivakala ngathi yimpazamo yomqhubi kunokuba yimpazamo yenkqubo. Inyani kukuba impendulo ye-exothermic ilungelelaniswe kwi-thermal envelope ethile, kwaye isikhunta esingaphantsi kwama-25 °C ngexesha lokutsha siziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneso sifudunyezwe kwangaphambili. Umgubo wokuqala uyavutha, i-reaction front isasazeka ngetshaja, kodwa ubhedu olunyibilikisiweyo lulahlekelwa bubushushu kwi-graphite ebandayo ngokukhawuleza kunokuba i-reaction inokuyizalisa, kwaye isinyithi sifikelela kwi-conductor cavity engaphantsi kobushushu be-fusion. I-bead isakhiwa. I-fusion ayiphelelanga.
Le yingxaki enkulu yokutshintsha kwasekuseni kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo okanye ebandayo, kwaye yingxaki enkulu yokutshintsha kwasemva kwemini kwiindawo ezishushu apho abasebenzi bezipholisa iimolds zabo kwindawo yokugcina enomoya opholileyo ukuze "bazigcine". Nayiphi na indlela ivelisa ipateni efanayo yokusilela: umgca ovaliweyo obandayo apho imigca emibini yesinyithi idibana khona kodwa ingadibani ngokupheleleyo, ebonakala kwindawo enqamlezileyo njengokungahambelani okubukhali kwisakhiwo sengqolowa esihambelana nodonga lomngxuma.
Uluhlu lokuHlola lweForensic: Okufanele ukwenze xa iJoint Joint ingaphumeleli ekuthumeleni umyalelo
Xa ijoyinti yomhla wokusebenza ingaphumeleli, yenza uphando ngolu hlobo. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala okuthathu kuthatha ngaphantsi kweyure kwindawo kwaye kusombulula phantse i-80% yeempazamo zejoyinti ezininzi ngaphandle kokususa nantoni na.
- Qinisekisa imbali yebhetshi yepowder.Umgubo waziswa nini, wagcinwa njani, kwaye ngaba kukho iitini ezavulwa ngaphambi kokuba kugalelwe? Nayiphi na impendulo ethi “ewe” ikhomba ukufuma (Isizathu 1).
- Tsala i-mold log.Zingaphi ii-mold ezenziweyo? Ireferensi ehambelana nomlinganiselo we-50–100 cycle. Nasiphi na i-mold esidlule kumlinganiselo wayo siyatshintshwa ngaphambi kokuba kuthululwe okulandelayo (Isizathu sesi-2).
- Jonga ubungakanani bomgubo ngokuthelekisa neshedyuli yomqhubi.Tshatisa ubungakanani bekhatriji kwikhatriji nganye ngokuchasene nomdibaniso wekhontraktha kwijoyinti. Ukungalingani kuphinde kugalelwe ngekhatriji echanekileyo (Isizathu sesi-3).
- Hlola amalungu amathathu angasebenzi kakuhle kwindawo enqamlezileyo.Ukusika i-bandsaw kunye ne-polish kwanele ukuchonga iipateni ze-blowhole (Isizathu 1), i-oxide lamination (Isizathu 4), i-under-filling (Isizathu 2 kunye ne-3), okanye imigca evaliweyo ebandayo (Isizathu 5).
- Ukungaphumeleli kwemephu ngokuchasene nolandelelwano lokuthulula.Ukusilela okuqokeleleneyo ekuqaleni kotshintsho phantse rhoqo kukhomba kwiSizathu sesi-5 (umngundo obandayo). Ukusilela okuqokeleleneyo ekupheleni kweqela lepowder kukhomba kwiSizathu soku-1 (umgubo omanzi). Ukusilela kusasazeka ngokulinganayo kwindawo yokutshintsha ukuya kwiSizathu sesi-2 okanye sesi-4.
Ukuba ukusilela kuyasinda kuzo zonke iindlela ezintlanu zokuhlola, ingxaki iphantse ibe yimeko-bume - ikhemistri yomhlaba, imisinga elahlekileyo, okanye ukubola kwe-galvanic ukufumana ujongano olushiywe yi-weld - kwaye incoko kufuneka itshintshe ukusuka kwinkqubo ukuya kuyilo. Loo ngxoxo yinqaku layo.
Ingqeqesho Yokubuyisela Umva: Ukunciphisa Umva, Hayi Ukuyiphinda Iphinde Ibe Yiwelding Endaweni Yayo
Xa ijoyinti isilele, ukulungiswa okuchanekileyo kuphela kukunciphisa umva udlule kwindawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu uze ulungise kwakhona i-conductor ukususela ekuqaleni. Ukugalela isinyithi esitsha se-weld phezu kwejoyinti esileleyo akusihlanganisi isinyithi esitsha nesesidala ngokuthembekileyo, kuba i-interface yokuqala sele yenze i-metallurgy yayo kwaye nayiphi na i-porosity ebambekileyo iba yindawo ye-nucleation yokusilela okulandelayo. I-cut-back kufuneka ibe yi-50 mm ye-conductor ecocekileyo kwicala ngalinye lejoyinti yokuqala, i-mold entsha kufuneka ibe ngaphakathi kwenani layo lomjikelo, kwaye i-powder batch kufuneka ivele kwi-can evulwe ngokutsha, eqinisekisiweyo neyomileyo.
Ukugalela okwesibini kukwalixesha elifanelekileyo lokuphucula isikhunta ukuba ukusilela kubonisa ukuba isikhunta siyaguga.ii-molds zokuwelda ezishushunge-log yomjikelo elandelelanayo ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukulandelela imbali yesikhunta ngasinye kwiprojekthi, kwaye loo log inye kufuneka ihambe nayo nayiphi na isikhunta ehamba phakathi kweendawo. Isikhunta ongenakukwazi ukusichaza yisikhunta ongenakusithemba.
| Unobangela | Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqinisekise kwindawo | Ixesha ngelungu ngalinye |
|---|---|---|
| Ukufuma | Uvavanyo lwe-desiccant kwikhatriji yesampulu; uvavanyo lokucima umqhubi; ubushushu bomphezulu wesikhunta ≥ 30 °C | 2 imizuzu |
| Ukuguguleka komngundo | Ilog yomjikelo womngundo; imilo yeentsimbi kuzo zonke iintlanu zokugqibela; ubunzima bomngundo xa kuthelekiswa nobunzima bokuqala | 1 umzuzu |
| Umgubo ongaphantsi | Ubungakanani bekhatriji xa kuthelekiswa neshedyuli yomqhubi; ukujonga ukuthembeka kwebhetshi | 1 umzuzu |
| Ukulungiswa komqhubi | Ukujonga okubonakalayo ngesinyithi esikhanyayo; akukho kudibana kwesikhumba emva kokucoca; ≤ imizuzu eli-15 ifestile evulekileyo | 1 umzuzu |
| Ukutshaya okubandayo | I-infrared okanye i-contact thermometer kwi-mold xa itsha; fudumala ngaphambi kokuba ishushu ukuba ingaphantsi kwama-25 °C | 30 seks |
Indlela Yokuhlola Umthengisi Wakho Wangoku Ngaphandle Kokuthuka Nabani Na
Uninzi lweefowuni endizithathayo ngalo mba aziqali ngokusilela. Ziqala ngomthengi osandula ukucelwa ukuba afanelekele umthengisi omtsha, okanye injineli efumene inkqubo angayiyilanga, kwaye bafuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi imibuzo ekufuneka bayibuze ngaphambi kokusilela okulandelayo. Inguqulelo enyanisekileyo yaloo ngxoxo kukuba phantse wonke umthengisi unokuthumela isikhunta esisebenza ngemini yokuthulula. Umbuzo onzima kukuba ngaba bangayibhala phantsi isizathu sokuba imveliso yabo isebenze, kwaye ingaba baya kuba nempendulo na xa ingasebenzi.
Imibuzo emithathu yahlula umthengisi wokwenyani kumntu okhupha ixabiso kule ngxaki ithile, kwaye ndingahambahamba kuyo yonke imthengi ngolu hlobo.
- "Ndibonise itemplate yakho yelog yomjikelo wesikhunta."Umthengisi olandela ukubalwa kwemijikelo ngumthengisi owaziyo ukuba iimbotyi ziyaguga. Umthengisi ongayenziyo loo nto ungumntu ombi xa ingxaki yakho iba yeyakhe.
- "Ingaba ingakanani i-powder batch yakho elandelekayo?"Itini nganye kufuneka ibe nenombolo yebhetshi, umhla wokwenziwa kwayo, kunye nesalathisi sesikhongozeli esivaliweyo. Umthengisi ophinda apakishe umgubo omkhulu kwiitini ezingenalebhile usengozini yokufuma kwitini.
- "Uthini umbono wakho ngokutshintshwa kwekhatriji encinci?"Impendulo enyanisekileyo ithi “siyala iodolo ude uqinisekise ubungakanani bomqhubi.” Impendulo eyingozi ithi “singathumela itini encinci namhlanje.”
Sakhe amaxwebhu ethu okuthumela ngaphandle ajikeleze le mibuzo mithathu kuba yimibuzo uphando lwethu lokusilela oluhlala lujikeleza kuyo. Kwakhona yimibuzo ebendinokusibuza yona, ukuba bendingumthengi.
Ukuxilongwa Kokusilela Kwe-Weld — Khetha Uphawu Olubonayo Entsimini
Ngaphambi kokuba usike ilungu elinye, sebenzisa olu xilongo. Khetha uphawu oluhambelana noko ukubonayo kwindawo - umfanekiso, umbane, okanye ipateni yexesha - kwaye isixhobo silubuyisela kwizizathu ezinokwenzeka kwezi zintlanu zingasentla, sikunike ulwazi lokuzithemba, kwaye sidwelise amanyathelo akhawulezileyo omawuwathathe ngaphambi kokuba uqalise kwakhona. Lo ngumthi wesigqibo endiwuthathayo kumthengi ngefowuni xa kufika umnxeba wokungaphumeleli.
- Qinisekisa ubungakanani bekhatriji ngokuchasene nomxube wekhontraktha — itshaja encinci yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokudibanisa okungaphelelanga kwikhontraktha enye.
- Hlola ulungelelwaniso lwesikhunta: ezi ziqingatha zibini mazivale kakuhle kumgca ophakathi wesikhondisi kungekho kukhanya kwelanga kubonakalayo.
- Jonga idiski yesinyithi — kufuneka ihlale embindini phezu komngxuma wempompo ngaphambi kokuba itshiswe, ingaze itshintshe i-off-axis.
- Lungisa kwakhona i-conductor pair ngebrashi entsha kunye ne-isopropyl wipe ngaphambi kokuba uthululwe kwakhona.
- Thatha umfanekiso wejoyinti engasebenziyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwayo ngaphambi kokuba idilizwe ukuze kujongwe kwakhona ukuthululwa okulandelayo.
Olu xilongo luchaza uphawu olunye kwisizathu esinye esinokwenzeka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kwiipateni zamacandelo ahlukeneyo ezivela kwiimpazamo ezingama-312 ezibhalwe phantsi eziphandwe ngumzi-mveliso wethu phakathi kowama-2023 nowama-2026. Ukuba iimpawu ezimbini ziyadibana, sebenzisa eyesibini ngokwahlukeneyo - ziya kubonisa unobangela ofanayo kwi-80% yamatyala adibeneyo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Malunga Nee-Exothermic Welds Ezingaphumelelanga
Ndingazi njani ukuba i-exothermic weld ayiphumelelanga ukuba isabonakala iqinile?
I-thermit weld engasebenziyo ingabonakala igqibelele ngaphandle kodwa ibe yijoyinti embi. Izalathisi ezithembekileyo zezombane: ukufundwa kokumelana kwe-milliohm okunyuka unyaka nonyaka, umfanekiso wobushushu othathwe phantsi komthwalo obonisa ukuba ijoyinti isebenza ngobushushu ngaphezu kwe-conductor, okanye indandatho ye-copper carbonate eluhlaza kwindawo yokuphuma kwe-conductor. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kukodwa kubamba kuphela ukusilela okubi kakhulu - ukuvuleka okugqobhoze umphezulu okanye ukugcwaliswa okungekhoyo kumngxuma wempompo.
Ngaba i-exothermic weld engaphumelelanga ingaphinda idityaniswe endaweni yayo, okanye ngaba umqhubi kufuneka anqunyulwe?
Kufuneka unqumle umva udlule kwindawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu kwaye ulungise kwakhona umqhubi omtsha. Ukugalela isinyithi esitsha se-weld phezu kwejoyinti engasebenziyo akusihlanganisi isinyithi esitsha nobhedu oludala ngokuthembekileyo kuba ujongano lokuqala sele lwenze i-metallurgy yalo kwaye nayiphi na i-porosity ebambekileyo iba yindawo ye-nucleation yokusilela okulandelayo. Ngokwenyani, ijoyinti engasebenziyo ithetha ukunciphisa ubuncinci i-50 mm yomqhubi kwicala ngalinye, ukucoca ibe yintsimbi ekhanyayo, kunye nokusebenzisa i-graphite mold entsha - kwaye kuphela emva kokuba uchonge unobangela.
Yintoni eyenziwa ngumswakama ngaphakathi kwe-exothermic weld?
Ubhedu olunyibilikisiweyo oluvela kwi-exothermic reaction luhlala malunga ne-1,083 °C, kwaye nawaphi na amanzi abanjwe kwindawo yokubumba, kwi-conductor, okanye kwi-powder flash-flashes ukuze akhuphe umphunga kwangoko xa isinyithi sifika. Umphunga wanda malunga namaxesha ayi-1,700 ngobuninzi kwaye uphoqeleka ukuba uphume ngesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, ushiya imingxunya kunye nejoyinti enemingxuma, ene-oxide-laminated. Kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu ezibhalwe phantsi, ukuqhuma komphunga kuye kwaphosa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwi-crucible kunye nezinto ezijikelezileyo ezivuthayo - le yeyona ngxelo ixhaphakileyo ye-OSHA yokulimala kokuvutha kwimisebenzi ye-thermit-weld.
Isikhunta se-graphite exothermic welding sifanele sihlale ixesha elingakanani?
Kumgca wethu silinganisa ii-graphite molds kwimijikelo yenkonzo engama-50 ukuya kwi-100, kunye neejoyinti ezingama-80 ukuya kwi-100 xa zisetyenziswa ngendlela eqhelekileyo, kuba ukugalela ngakunye kuyawutshabalalisa umngxuma kwaye kuyawukhulisa kancinci umngxuma wompompo. I-mold etyhalelwe ngaphaya kwenani layo lomjikelo iqala ukuvelisa iijoyinti ezingazaliswanga ngokwaneleyo, kwaye abaqhubi bayayilungisa ngokongeza umgubo - otshisa umngxuma kwaye ukhawulezise ukuguguleka. Isignali ethembekileyo ayisiyonto iqhekekileyo onokuyibona; yi-weld bead elahlekelwa yimo yayo yomqamelo kwaye iqala ukuyifaka ngaphakathi.
Kutheni i-exothermic weld yam ibonakala ilungile kodwa ilinganisa ukumelana okuphezulu xa isetyenziswa?
Ukumelana okuphezulu kwi-weld ebonakala ilungile phantse rhoqo kubuyela kwenye yezinto ezintathu: umqhubi akazange acocwe kwisinyithi esikhanyayo phantsi komngxuma we-weld, i-powder charge yayingaphantsi kobukhulu be-conductor cross-section, okanye i-mold yayingalungelelaniswanga kakuhle ukuze isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sidityaniswe kwii-conductors endaweni yokudibana kuzo zombini. I-weld elungileyo kunye ne-weld engaxhathisi kakhulu azifani ngokuzenzekelayo, kuba umlinganiselo wokumelana uthathwa kwi-joint, kungekhona nge-bead. Sibone amalungu anee-beads ezintle zilinganisa i-800 micro-ohm ngokuchasene ne-30 ukuya kwi-50 micro-ohm ephilileyo kubamelwane abafanayo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokusilela kwe-weld exothermic kunye ne-weld engasebenzi kakuhle kwasekuqaleni?
Ukusilela kwe-weld exothermic yijoyinti esebenza ngokuchanekileyo xa kufakelwa ize yonakale xa isebenza — ngesiqhelo ngokugqwala kwindawo yomqhubi, i-weld ayizange ifikelele kuyo, ngokujikeleza kobushushu okuvula i-micro-gap, okanye ngokuphazamiseka koomatshini. I-weld enesiphene ayizange ilunge: yayigalelwa ngomgubo omanzi, isithuba esikhulu, isikhunta esigugileyo, okanye i-conductor engcolileyo, kwaye ukusilela kubonakala xa kuqaliswa okanye kuvavanyo lokuqala lomthwalo. Ukwahlula ezi zinto zimbini kuba ukusilela kudla ngokukhomba ingxaki yokusingqongileyo, ngelixa ukusilela kubonisa ingxaki yenkqubo okanye yomthengisi.
UJane Yang· Umphathi weNtengiso, iXinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd.
Iminyaka eli-12 yokukhusela umbane kunye nokumisa urhwebo lwangaphandle · Iminyaka eli-17 yokuvelisa ifektri emva kwayo yonke ingcebiso.
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Ixesha leposi: Agasti-27-2026