Umhlahlandlela wenduna yasensiminiukushintshwa kwe-exothermic okuhlulekile— izimbangela ezinhlanu zenqubo, indlela yokuxilonga, kanye nendlela yokuxilonga yokuhluleka kokushisela esebenzisana nayo ongayisebenzisa ngaphambi kokuthi unqume noma yini.
- Ukwehluleka okukhulu kokushiswa kwe-exothermic “okungazelelwe” akusikho ngokuzumayo nhlobo: cishe u-80% ubuyela emuva kwenye yezimbangela ezinhlanu zenqubo abahlinzeki abavami ukuzibhala phansi — umswakama ovalelekile, i-graphite egugile, impuphu encane, ukulungiswa komqhubi ongcolisiwe, noma isikhathi sokushiswa kwesikhunta esibandayo.
- Ijoyinti elibukeka lilungile lisengalinganisa ama-micro-ohm angu-800 uma liqhathaniswa ne-micro-ohm engu-30–50 enempilo, ngoba ukuhlola okubonakalayo akuboni ukugoba kwe-conductor-side noma i-oxide lamination.
- Amalunga ahlulekile awakwazi ukuthululwa kabusha endaweni yawo — nciphisa okungenani u-50 mm womqhubi udlule endaweni ethintekile ukushisa, thola imbangela, bese ulungisa kabusha ngesikhunta ngaphakathi kwefasitela laso lomjikelezo wesevisi ongu-50–100.
- NgokweIreferensi ye-nVent ERICO kaCadweld, inqubo ikhiqiza isibopho sama-molecule, hhayi esomshini — ngakho-ke noma iyiphi imodi yokwehluleka edala isikhombimsebenzisi (ifilimu yomswakama, i-oxide lamination, i-void) inqoba ubuchwepheshe obungaphakathi.
- Okwethuumugqa wesikhunta wokuwelda we-thermitIlinganiselwe imijikelezo engu-50-100 kanye namalunga angu-80-100 asetshenziswa ensimini, akhiwe nge-graphite ye-premium ukuze imbobo ihlale isikhathi eside - kodwa isikhunta esingaphandle kwalelo fasitela asisesona isikhunta, siyisibopho.
- Sebenzisa okusebenzisanayoUkuxilongwa Kokwehluleka Kwe-Weldngezansi ngaphambi kokuthi usike ilunga elilodwa — khetha uphawu olubonayo endaweni bese uthola imbangela engaba khona kanye nezinyathelo zokusingatha ngokushesha.
Emasontweni amathathu edlule, umakhi waseCebu wangithumelela izithombe ngo-11 ebusuku ngesikhathi sendawo. Amajoyinti angamakhulu amabili e-exothermic ayethululwe kwikota edlule kugridi yomhlaba engu-33 kV. Kwaqala ukusebenza ekuseni ngakusasa. Ingxenye yamajoyinti yayibukeka iphelele. Ingxenye yesibili yayinama-micro-blowhole eceleni komnyango wokuphuma futhi yayilinganisa phakathi kuka-600 no-900 micro-ohm, uma kuqhathaniswa no-30 kuya ku-50 ophilile engxenyeni enhle. Umhlinzeki - hhayi thina - wayeletheimpuphu yensimbi yokushiselaemkhunjini owawusechwebeni laseManila phakathi nemvula yezinsuku ezintathu. Akekho owavula ngisho nekhatriji elilodwa ukuze ahlole.
Leso sicelo yisona sizathu salesi sihloko. Ngemva kweminyaka eyi-17 yomshini wokwenza imishiniizikhunta zokushisela ezishisayoKubathengi baphesheya kwezilwandle — kanye neminyaka eyi-12 ngibuka imibiko yabo yokuthumela — ngiyeke ukukholelwa ekuhlulekeni okungazelelwe. Okubukeka kungazelelwe cishe njalo kuyiphutha lenqubo okungekho muntu owalimaka ngoba ishidi lemininingwane alibatshelanga ukuthi babheke. Nakhu engikuthumela manje wonke umakhi ongibiza ngokwehluleka “okuyimfihlakalo”, ngokulandelana engibahambisa ngakho esizeni.
Kungani i-Thermit Weld Ehlulekile Ingasoze Yahluleka Ngendlela Ocabanga Ngayo
Kufanele ngiphonsele inselelo uhlaka kuqala, ngoba lubumba zonke izinqumo zokuxazulula izinkinga ezenziwa yiqembu. Uma umakhi engibiza ngokuthi “ukushisela okuhlulekile”, ngibuza umbuzo owodwa ngaphambi kokuba ngibuze noma yini enye:ingabe ijoyinti lake laphumelela ukuhlolwa kokumelana, noma ingabe lehluleka ekuqalisweni kokusebenza okokuqala lapho lilinganiswa?Impendulo ishintsha konke, ngoba ijoyinti elonakele ekusebenzeni kanye nejoyinti elalinephutha kusukela ku-pour-day kuyizinkinga ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele ezinezimbangela ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele.
Ngokwezincwadi zokuphathwa kokuguga mayelana nokuxhumeka kukagesi okufihliwe okubhekiselwa kuzo yi-US utility (i-NUREG-1800, umbiko we-Generic Aging Lessons Learned osetshenziswe ukuthethelela amashumi eminyaka okwandiswa kwempilo yezitshalo), izindlela zokuwohloka ezibhalwe phansi zanoma yiliphi ilunga elifihliwe ukujikeleza kokushisa, ukushisa kwe-ohmic, ukudlidliza, kanye nokugqwala - futhi umbiko ucacile ukuthi lezi yizindlela ezisebenza kuma-interface.ukushintshwa kwe-exothermic akunawo uxhumano lokuguga, ngoba abaqhubi kanye nethusi elincibilikisiwe baba yingxenye eyodwa yensimbi eqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokusabela. Ngakho-ke lapho ijoyinti elithululwe kahle le-exothermic lihluleka ukusebenza, ukwehluleka cishe akukaze kube sensimbini yokushisela uqobo - kusengxenyeni yomqhubi lapho ukushisela kungakaze kufinyelelwe khona, noma kusesikhaleni esincane sokujikeleza kokushisa lapho ukushisela kushiywe khona ngoba ishaja yempuphu yayingalungile ngosuku lokuthulula.
Ukuthi "iphutha elivela ku-pour day" libukeka kanjani empeleni ekuqothulweni kwecala lobugebengu
Amajoyinti angamakhulu amabili aseCebu angifundise iphethini eyodwa eye yahlala cishe kuzo zonke izinkinga zamalunga amaningi engizihambile kusukela lapho. Lapho sisika ijoyinti elihlulekile futhi silivula kahle, sibona esinye sezakhiwo ezincane ezinhlanu eziphindaphindayo, futhi ngasinye siqonda kahle esinye sezimbangela ezinhlanu zenqubo kulo lonke lesi sihloko:
- Amapayipi omoya aqoqene eduze kobuso bomqhubi.Umusi ovela emswakama ovalelekile — ngokuvamile impuphu emanzi, ngezinye izikhathi umqhubi omanzi, ngezinye izikhathi uyaqina esikhumbeni esibandayo.
- I-oxide lamination ehambisana ne-axis yomqhubi.Ukungcola phakathi komqhubi kanye nensimbi yokushisela — uwoyela ovela kumunwe, i-oxide esele evela kukhebula elingahlanzwanga kahle, noma ifilimu ye-release-agent evela kusikhunta esingakaze sishiswe kusengaphambili.
- Umgodi ongagcwalisiwe kahle onobuso obunama-bead obuhlanganisiwe.Isikhunta se-graphite esigugile sidlule inani lomjikelezo waso, noma ishaja yempuphu encane kakhulu yesigaba esiphambene somqhubi okwakumelwe sigcwaliswe.
- Umugqa ovaliwe ngokubandayo lapho izinhlangothi ezimbili zensimbi zehlulekile ukuhlangana khona.Isikhathi sokushisa sasingalungile ngokushisa kwesikhunta - cishe njalo ngoba iqembu lazama ukuthungela isikhunta ngqo esitolo esinomoya opholile ekuseni okubandayo.
- Ubuhlalu bokushisela obuhlanganiswe noyedwa kuphela kwababili abaqhubayo ku-crossover.Ukungahambisani kahle kwesikhunta lapho sivalwa, noma idiski yempuphu isuse imbobo yempompi ngesikhathi sokushisa.
Uma usufunde ukufunda lezi zakhiwo ezinhlanu ezincane, ingxoxo yokuxazulula izinkinga ayibe yinto yokuqagela. Okunye kwalesi siqondisi kuhamba ngendlela engingayihlola ngayo esizeni, ngesinyathelo sokuqinisekisa esikufakazelayo ngaphambi kokuthi usike i-joint eyodwa.
Ingabe Umswakama Uyimbangela Yangempela Lapho I-Thermit Weld Ihluleka?
Umswakama yimbangela yokwehluleka engiholayo ngoba yisona sizatho esivame kakhulu nesithethelela kakhulu. Ithusi elincibilikisiwe elivela ekusabeleni kwe-exothermic lihlala cishe ku-1,083 °C — indawo yokuncibilika yethusi — futhi lapho lihlangana nanoma yimaphi amanzi, lawo manzi ayabila abe umusi futhi ande cishe izikhathi ezingu-1,700 ngobuningi. Umusi uphoqa ukubuyela emuva ngensimbi encibilikisiwe esancibilikisiwe, ushiye umzila wemigodi yomoya, futhi ijoyinti liyaphazamiseka ngaphambi kokuba liphole.Uphenyo lwezehlakalo ze-OSHA mayelana nokusebenza kwe-thermit-weld, le ndlela eyodwa ibangele ukulimala okukhulu kokusha kanye nokusha kwabasebenzi kunanoma yiliphi elinye iphutha lenqubo ye-exothermic.
Isizathu sokuthi lokhu kwehluleka buthule kangaka ukuthi umswakama unezindawo ezintathu zokucasha, futhi eyodwa kuphela yazo isobala.
- Impuphu emanzi.Imbangela evame kakhulu yokwehluleka kobuningi. Uphuphu uthunyelwa emathinini avaliwe ngesizathu esithile - uma ithini selivuliwe, okuqukethwe ku-hygroscopic futhi kuzomunca umswakama ozungezile ezindaweni ezisogwini phakathi namahora ambalwa. Ikhatriji "elibukeka lomile" alilomile.
- Abaqhubi abamanzi.Intambo yethusi kanye nensimbi embozwe ngethusi kokubili kugcina umswakama ezindaweni ezingaphakathi kwentambo. Intambo ebigcinwe ingamboziwe endaweni ngesikhathi semvula imanzi ngaphakathi noma ngabe ingaphandle libukeka lomile, futhi indawo eyomile ngethoshi izophinde imunce umswakama ngemizuzu embalwa emoyeni omanzi.
- Ukujiya kwesikhunta esibandayo.Isikhunta se-graphite esikhishwe esitolo esinomoya opholile ku-18 °C singene ekuseni ngo-32 °C, umswakama ongu-85% sizohlanganisa ifilimu yamanzi odongeni lwaso ngaphambi kokuba ithimba libe nomqhubi endaweni yalo. Ukuthululwa kube sekubopha leyo ngxenye phakathi kodonga lwesikhunta nensimbi encibilikisiwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwesidumbu saseCebu ngemigqa emithathu
Amajoyinti aseCebu ahluleka ngoba ufulawa wawuhlezi edokini elimanzi ngenxa yemvula futhi abasebenzi bavula amathini ekuseni kosuku lokuthulula. Basebenzise ufulawa noma kunjalo ngoba wawubukeka womile - futhi ingxenye engezansi yohlamvu, kuwo wonke amajoyinti ahlulekile, yabonisa iphethini eliqondile lembobo yokuvunguza elishiywa umusi oqhutshwa umswakama. Ukuhlolwa kwe-desiccant yemizuzu engama-20 kuma-cartridge amathathu esampula ngaphambi kokuthulula kwakuzobamba lonke iqembu, futhi abasebenzi babezokwazi ukuhlukanisa abanye.
Ingabe Isikhunta Sakho Se-Graphite Sigugile Sidlule Efasiteleni Laso Lenkonzo Ethembekile?
Lena yimbangela yokuthi abahlinzeki babhekane nobunzima obukhulu, ngoba imodi yokwehluleka ayibonakali kumthengi futhi inani lemijikelezo yinto eyaziwa ngumhlinzeki kuphela.Izincwadi zomkhiqizo we-nVent ERICO's Cadweldilinganisa isikhunta se-graphite cishe emijikelezweni yesevisi engama-50 kuya kweyi-100, futhi kulayini wethu silinganisa isikhunta sethuisikhunta sokushisela se-thermitngemijikelezo efanayo engama-50 kuya kweyi-100, kanye namalunga angama-80 kuya kweyi-100 asetshenziswa ngendlela evamile ensimini. Ngemva kwalokho, umgodi usugugile ngokwanele kangangokuthi imbobo yempompi ayisakwazi ukulinganisa insimbi encibilikisiwe kahle ejoyintini.
Isibonakaliso esiqotho sesikhunta esigugile akuyona indawo eqhekekile ongayibona — yisikhunta esigugile esilahlekelwa ukuma kwaso komcamelo bese siqala ukugoqa ngaphakathi phakathi nendawo. Isikhunta esisha sikhiqiza ubuhlalu obugoba kancane phezu komqhubi, ngoba ishaja yempuphu igcwalisa kancane imbobo bese okungaphezulu kugoba ku-riser. Isikhunta esigugile siyagcwalisa ngaphansi, ngoba imbobo ikhule ngokwanele kangangokuthi ishaja yempuphu efanayo ayisenawo okungaphezulu kokugoba. Abasebenzi bavala ngokungeza i-powder, eshisa kakhulu imbobo futhi isheshise ukuguguleka — i-feedback loop ethatha cishe ama-duru amabi angamashumi amabili ukuze ibhubhise isikhunta ngokuphelele.
Indlela yokulinganisa isikhunta ongasithenganga kithi
Uma uzuze isikhunta komunye umhlinzeki, sikala esisodwa ngesikhunta esaziwayo se-geometry efanayo. Isikhunta se-graphite silahlekelwa cishe amagremu angu-3 kuya kwangu-8 ngomjikelezo ngamunye ngenxa yokuguguleka kokushisa nokuhlanza; isikhunta esingamagremu angu-50 ngaphansi kwesisindo saso sokuqala sibe nemijikelezo eminingi kunalokho okuvumela isilinganiso saso. Okwesibili, bheka isimo sobuhlalu be-weld phakathi kokuthululwa okuhlanu kokugcina - uma kukhona okufakwe ngaphakathi, isikhunta siphushelwe ngaphandle kwefasitela laso lenkonzo elithembekile.I-IEEE Std 837-2014, uhlaka lweziqu zokuxhuma okuhlala njalo kwesisekelo sesiteshi esincane, i-geometry yesikhala sokushisela iyingxenye yobufakazi beziqu — ngakho-ke isikhunta esigugile akuyona nje ingozi yekhwalithi, siyingozi yokuhambisana nezindinganiso ijoyinti elalichazwe kuzo.
Ingabe Ukushaja Okuncane Kakhulu Kungalimaza Kancane Ama-Weld Akho?
I-powder iza ngobukhulu bekhatriji obujwayelekile ngesizathu.Ngenxa yokuthi isilinganiso se-powder-to-copper-mass siyi-variable enquma ukuthi ukusabela kukhiqiza ukushisa okwanele yini ukuncibilikisa ngokuphelele ingxenye ye-conductor, ukukhulisa i-cartridge kudala i-joint ethulula okuqinile ngaphandle kodwa engaxutshwe kahle esibonakalayo se-conductor.Ubuhlalu bubukeka buhle. Ukumelana kukhuluma iqiniso ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha lapho ilunga lishisa ngaphansi komsinga wokuqala wephutha.
Inguqulo eqotho yalokhu kwehluleka ukuthi abasebenzi ngezinye izikhathi bashintsha ikhatriji encane uma usayizi ofanele ungekho esitokweni, ngokucabanga ukuthi "cishe inani elifanayo lensimbi". Inguqulo engathembekile ukuthi abanye abahlinzeki bazothengisa ikhatriji engu-#115 ngentengo engu-#150 ngoba ifomu le-oda lomakhi lalithi "ikhebula-kuya-kukhebula elingu-50 mm²" ngaphandle kokuchaza ipheya eliphelele lomqhubi. Zombili ziphela ngokuhlangana okufanayo: ubuhlalu obuhle, igebe elincane elifihliwe kumqhubi, kanye nokumelana okukhuphuka unyaka nonyaka.
Ingabe Izinqamuleli Zokulungiselela Umqhubi Ziyimbangela Efihliwe Yamalunga Amelana Nokumelana Okukhulu?
Ngibuke amaqembu echitha imizuzu engamashumi amabili ehlanza ingxenye ebonakalayo yentambo yethusi futhi eqa ingxenye engena ngaphakathi kwembobo yesikhunta, ngoba ishidi lemininingwane lithi “kuhlanzekile kuya kwensimbi ekhanyayo” ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuthi kanjani.Ngenxa yokuthi isibopho sakheka ebusweni bomqhubi obungaphakathi kwesikhala ngesikhathi sokuthululwa, ingxenye engcolile ngaphansi kwesikhala idala i-joint eqhubekayo ngaphandle kanye ne-oxide-laminated ngaphakathi.
Ukungcola okuvame kakhulu engikubona ekuqhekekeni kwe-forensic akuwona ukungcola — yiminwe. Abasebenzi baphatha ingxenye yomqhubi engena ngaphakathi kwesikhunta, bashiye ifilimu encane yamafutha esikhumbeni sabo, futhi ithusi elincibilikisiwe alikwazi ukumanzisa ngaleyo filimu ukuze lihlangane nensimbi eyisisekelo. Umphumela uba ukuhlangana okunendiza ye-oxide eqhubekayo phakathi kwensimbi eshisiwe kanye nomqhubi, futhi indiza ye-oxide iwuhlobo lokuxhumana olubhalwe yi-NUREG-1800 njengendlela yokuwohloka ngaphansi kokujikeleza kokushisa.
- Sebenzisa ibhulashi lensimbi elibukhali nelikhethekile ngento ngayinye yomqhubi — ithusi, insimbi embozwe ngethusi, kanye nensimbi ehlanganisiwe ngayinye idinga ibhulashi layo.
- Sula ingxenye ehlanziwe ngendwangu engenalo ulwelwesi olumanziswe ngotshwala be-isopropyl, hhayi ngesandla esinamagilavu.
- Hlanza kabusha uma umqhubi ehlala emoyeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuthululwa, ngoba ithusi elisha liphinde lincibilike ngokushesha ezindaweni ezisogwini kanye nezimboni.
- Bamba ingxenye ehlanziwe nge-pliers ehlanzekile noma indwangu ehlanzekile kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke — akukho ukuthintana kwesikhumba.
Ingabe Isikhathi Sokushisa Esibandayo Sibangela Ukwehluleka Kwakho Kwe-Morning-Shift?
Lokhu kuyimbangela yokuthi akekho obhala phansi, ngoba kuzwakala njengephutha lomqhubi kunokuba kube yiphutha lenqubo. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukusabela kwe-exothermic kuhlelwe endaweni ethile yokushisa, futhi isikhunta esingaphansi kwama-25 °C ngesikhathi sokushisa siziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kunesifudunyezwe ngaphambilini. Impuphu yokuqala iyavutha, ingaphambili lokusabela liyasakazeka ngokushaja, kodwa ithusi elincibilikisiwe lilahlekelwa ukushisa liye ku-graphite ebandayo ngokushesha kunokuba ukusabela kungakugcwalisa, futhi insimbi ifinyelela emgodini womqhubi ngaphansi kokushisa kwe-fusion. Ubuhlalu busakheka. Ukuhlanganiswa akuphelele.
Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu yokushintsha kwasekuseni ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile noma esibandayo, futhi kuyinkinga enkulu yokushintsha kwantambama ezindaweni ezishisayo lapho abasebenzi bepholisa khona isikhunta sabo kusengaphambili endaweni yokugcina enomoya opholile ukuze "basilondoloze". Noma yimuphi umkhuba uveza iphethini efanayo yokwehluleka: umugqa ovaliwe obandayo lapho izinhlangothi ezimbili zensimbi zihlangana khona kodwa zingahlangani ngokugcwele, okubonakala esigabeni esiphambene njengokungaqhubeki okubukhali kwesakhiwo sezinhlamvu okuhambisana nodonga lwesikhala.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Lwezobunhloli: Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Ilungu Elihlangene Lihluleka Ukuthumela I-Commission
Uma i-pour-day joint yehluleka ukusebenza, landela uphenyo ngale ndlela. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala okuthathu kuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwehora endaweni futhi kuxazulula cishe u-80% wokwehluleka kwamalunga amaningi ngaphandle kokususa lutho.
- Qinisekisa umlando we-batch ye-powder.Impuphu yalethwa nini, yagcinwa kanjani, futhi ingabe kukhona amathini avulwe ngaphambi kokuthululwa? Noma iyiphi impendulo ethi “yebo” ikhomba umswakama (Imbangela 1).
- Donsa ilogi lokubumba.Mingaki imijikelezo eyenziwe yisikhunta? Ireferensi ehambisana nesilinganiso somjikelezo esingu-50–100. Noma yisiphi isikhunta esidlula isilinganiso saso siyashintshwa ngaphambi kokuthululwa okulandelayo (Imbangela 2).
- Hlola usayizi wempuphu uqhathaniswe neshejuli yomqhubi.Qondanisa usayizi wekhatriji kuthini ngalinye ngokumelene nenhlanganisela yomqhubi ejoyintini. Ukungafani kuphinde kuthululwe ngekhatriji efanele (Imbangela 3).
- Hlola amalunga amathathu angasebenzi kahle esigabeni esiphambeneyo.Ukusika i-bandsaw kanye ne-polish kwanele ukuhlonza amaphethini e-blowhole (Imbangela 1), i-oxide lamination (Imbangela 4), ukugcwalisa ngaphansi (Imbangela 2 no-3), noma imigqa evaliwe ngokubandayo (Imbangela 5).
- Ukwehluleka kwemephu ngokumelene nokulandelana kokuthulula.Ukwehluleka okuqoqene ekuqaleni kokushintsha cishe njalo kukhomba kuMbangela 5 (isikhunta esibandayo). Ukwehluleka okuqoqene ekugcineni kweqoqo lempuphu kukhomba kuMbangela 1 (impuphu emanzi). Ukwehluleka kusakazeka ngokulinganayo endaweni yokushintsha kuZimbangela 2 noma 4.
Uma ukwehluleka kusinda kuzo zonke izivivinyo ezinhlanu, inkinga cishe imayelana nemvelo — ikhemikhali yomhlabathi, imisinga elahlekile, noma ukugqwala kwe-galvanic ukuthola isikhombimsebenzisi esishiywe yi-weld — futhi ingxoxo kufanele ishintshe kusukela enkambisweni iye ekwakhiweni. Leyo ngxoxo iyisihloko sayo.
Isiyalo Sokuthulula Kabusha: Ukunciphisa, Hhayi Ukushisela Kabusha Endaweni Yakho
Uma ijoyinti sehlulekile, ukulungiswa okuwukuphela kwendlela efanele ukusika udlule endaweni ethintekile ukushisa bese ulungisa kabusha i-conductor kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukuthela insimbi entsha yokushisela phezu kwejoyinti ehlulekile akuhlanganisi insimbi entsha nendala ngokuthembekile, ngoba isixhumi sokuqala sesivele sakhe i-metallurgy yaso futhi noma yikuphi ukubhoboka okubambekile kuba yindawo yokwakheka kwe-nucleation yokwehluleka okulandelayo. I-cut-back kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-50 mm we-conductor ehlanzekile ohlangothini ngalunye lwejoyinti yokuqala, isikhunta esisha kufanele sibe ngaphakathi kwenani laso lomjikelezo, futhi i-powder batch kufanele isuke ethini elisanda kuvulwa, elomile eliqinisekisiwe.
Ukuthululwa okwesibili futhi yisikhathi esifanele sokuthuthukisa isikhunta uma ukwehluleka kukhomba ekugugeni kwesikhunta. Sithumela yethuizikhunta zokushisela ezishisayongelogi yomjikelezo elandelanayo ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukulandelela umlando wesikhunta ngasinye kuphrojekthi, futhi ilogi efanayo kufanele ihambe nanoma yisiphi isikhunta esihamba phakathi kwezindawo. Isikhunta ongeke usichaze yisikhunta ongeke usithembe.
| Imbangela | Okufanele ukuqinisekise kusayithi | Isikhathi ngejoyinti ngayinye |
|---|---|---|
| Umswakama | Ukuhlolwa kwe-desiccant ku-cartridge yesampula; ukuhlolwa kokusula komqhubi; izinga lokushisa lobuso besikhunta ≥ 30 °C | imizuzu emi-2 |
| Ukuguguleka kwesikhunta | Ilogi yomjikelezo wesikhunta; ukuma kobuhlalu kuzo zonke izithulu ezinhlanu zokugcina; isisindo sesikhunta vs isisindo sokuqala | umzuzu owodwa |
| Impuphu encane | Usayizi wekhatriji uma kuqhathaniswa nesheduli yomqhubi; ukuhlolwa kobuqotho bebhetshi | umzuzu owodwa |
| Ukulungiswa komqhubi | Ukuhlolwa kwensimbi ekhanyayo ebonakalayo; akukho ukuthintana kwesikhumba ngemva kokuhlanza; ≤ imizuzu eyi-15 ifasitela elivulekile | umzuzu owodwa |
| Ukushisa okubandayo | I-infrared noma i-contact thermometer kusikhunta lapho sivutha; fudumala ngaphambi kwesikhathi uma kungaphansi kwama-25 °C | Imizuzwana engama-30 |
Indlela Yokuhlola Umhlinzeki Wakho Wamanje Ngaphandle Kokuthuka Noma Ngubani
Iningi lezingcingo engizithathayo ngalesi sihloko aziqali ngokwehluleka. Ziqala ngomthengi osanda kucelwa ukuthi afanelekele umhlinzeki omusha, noma unjiniyela ozuze inqubo angayiklamanga, futhi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo okufanele bayibuze ngaphambi kokwehluleka okulandelayo. Inguqulo eqotho yaleyo ngxoxo ukuthi cishe wonke umhlinzeki angathumela isikhunta esisebenza ngosuku lokuthulula. Umbuzo onzima ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukubhala phansi ukuthi kungani umkhiqizo wabo usebenza, nokuthi bazoba ngumnikazi wempendulo uma ingasebenzi.
Imibuzo emithathu ihlukanisa umhlinzeki wangempela nomuntu onciphisa intengo kule nkinga ethile, futhi ngingabachazela bonke abathengi ngale ndlela.
- "Ngibonise ithempulethi yakho yelogi yomjikelezo wesikhunta."Umhlinzeki olandela ukubalwa kwemijikelezo umhlinzeki owaziyo ukuthi isikhunta siyaguga. Umhlinzeki ongakwenzi lokho ungumuntu omubi kakhulu uma enenkinga yokuba ngowakhe.
- "Kuyini ukulandeleka kwe-powder batch yakho?"Ithini ngalinye kufanele libe nenombolo yebhetshi, usuku lokwenziwa, kanye nesibonakaliso sesitsha esivaliwe. Umhlinzeki ophinda afake i-bulk powder emathinini angenamalebula uyingozi yomswakama ethini.
- "Uthini umbono wakho ngokushintshana kwekhatriji encane?"Impendulo eqotho ithi “siyenqaba i-oda uze uqinisekise usayizi womqhubi.” Impendulo eyingozi ithi “singathumela ithini elincane namuhla.”
Sakhe amadokhumenti ethu okuthumela ngaphandle azungeze le mibuzo emithathu ngoba yimibuzo uphenyo lwethu lokwehluleka oluqhubeka lubuyela kuyo. Yimibuzo futhi ebengingasibuza yona, ukube bengingumthengi.
Ukuxilongwa Kokwehluleka Kwe-Weld — Khetha Isibonakaliso Osibonayo Ensimini
Ngaphambi kokuthi usike ijoyinti elilodwa, sebenzisa lokhu kuxilonga. Khetha uphawu oluhambisana nalokho okubonayo ngempela endaweni - okubonakalayo, okukagesi, noma iphethini yesikhathi - bese ithuluzi lilubuyisela emuva kuzimbangela ezinhlanu ezingaba khona ngenhla, likunike ukuqonda okuzethemba, futhi libhale izinyathelo ezisheshayo okufanele uzithathe ngaphambi kokuthulula okulandelayo. Lesi yisinqumo esifanayo engisithatha kumthengi ngocingo lapho kufika ucingo lokwehluleka.
- Qinisekisa usayizi wekhatriji ngokumelene nenhlanganisela yomqhubi — ukushaja okuncane kakhulu kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokuhlanganiswa okungaphelele komqhubi oyedwa.
- Hlola ukuhambisana kwesikhunta: izingxenye ezimbili kumele zivale kahle emgqeni ophakathi nendawo womqhubi ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okubonakalayo.
- Hlola idiski yensimbi — kumele ihlale phakathi nendawo phezu kwembobo yempompi ngaphambi kokushisa, ingalokothi ishintshe isuke ku-axis.
- Lungisa kabusha ipheya lomqhubi ngebhulashi elisha kanye ne-isopropyl wipe ngaphambi kokuthulula okulandelayo.
- Thatha isithombe sejoyinti elihlulekile kanye nokuqondana ngaphambi kokudilizwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ukuthulula okulandelayo kungakanani.
Ukuxilonga kuhlanganisa uphawu olulodwa nembangela eyodwa okungenzeka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kumaphethini ezingxenyeni ezahlukene kusukela ekuhlulekeni okubhalwe phansi okungu-312 okuphenywe yifektri yethu phakathi kuka-2023 no-2026. Uma izimpawu ezimbili zihlangana, sebenzisa eyesibili ngokwahlukana - zizokhomba imbangela efanayo cishe kuma-80% amacala ahlanganisiwe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nokushintshwa Kwe-Exothermic Okuhlulekile
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi i-exothermic weld yehlulekile uma isabonakala iqinile?
I-thermit weld ehlulekile ingabukeka iphelele ngaphandle kodwa ibe yi-joint embi. Izinkomba ezithembekile zingogesi: ukufundwa kokumelana kwe-milliohm okhuphuka unyaka nonyaka, isithombe sokushisa esithathwe ngaphansi komthwalo esibonisa ukuthi i-joint isebenza ngokushisa kunomqhubi, noma indandatho ye-copper carbonate eluhlaza endaweni yokuphuma yomqhubi. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kukodwa kubamba kuphela ukwehluleka okubi kakhulu - ukugoba okudabule ebusweni noma ukugcwaliswa okungekho emgodini wompompi.
Ingabe i-exothermic weld ehlulekile ingashintshwa kabusha endaweni yayo, noma ingabe umqhubi kufanele anqunywe?
Kumelwe unciphise udlule endaweni ethintekile ukushisa bese ulungisa kabusha umqhubi omusha. Ukuthela insimbi entsha yokushisela phezu kwejoyinti elihlulekile akuhlanganisi insimbi entsha nethusi elidala ngokuthembekile ngoba isixhumi sokuqala sesivele sakhe insimbi yaso futhi noma yikuphi ukugoba okubambekile kuba yindawo yokwakheka kwe-nucleation yokwehluleka okulandelayo. Empeleni, ijoyinti elihlulekile lisho ukunciphisa okungenani ama-50 mm omqhubi ohlangothini ngalunye, ukuhlanza kube yinsimbi ekhanyayo, nokusebenzisa isikhunta se-graphite esisha - futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba usuthole imbangela eyinhloko.
Yini ngempela eyenziwa umswakama ngaphakathi kwe-weld exothermic?
Ithusi elincibilikisiwe elivela ekusabeleni kwe-exothermic lihlala cishe ku-1,083 °C, futhi noma yimaphi amanzi abambeke emgodini wesikhunta, kumqhubi, noma ku-flash-flash yempuphu ayavutha ukuze ashise ngokushesha nje lapho insimbi ifika. Umusi uyanda cishe izikhathi ezingu-1,700 ngobuningi futhi uphoqa indlela yawo yokuphuma ngensimbi yokushisisa esancibilikisiwe, ushiya ama-blowholes kanye nejoyinti elinezimbobo, eline-oxide. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezibhalwe phansi ukuqhuma komusi kukhiphe insimbi encibilikisiwe ezintweni ezizungezile ezivuthayo nezivuthayo - lokhu kuwukulimala okukodwa okuvame kakhulu okuqoshwa yi-OSHA emisebenzini yokushisisa ye-thermit.
Isikhunta sokushisela se-graphite exothermic kufanele sithathe isikhathi esingakanani?
Kulayini wethu silinganisa izikhunta ze-graphite ngemijikelezo yesevisi engu-50 kuya ku-100, kanye namalunga angu-80 kuya ku-100 ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile kwensimu, ngoba ukuthulula ngakunye kukhuculula umgodi futhi kwandisa kancane umgodi wompompi. Isikhunta esiphushwe sadlula inani laso lomjikelezo siqala ukukhiqiza amalunga angagcwalisiwe ngokwanele, futhi abasebenza ngokufaka i-powder - eshisa kakhulu umgodi futhi isheshise ukuguguleka. Isibonakaliso esiqotho asiyona i-crack ongayibona; yi-weld bead elahlekelwa yisimo sayo somcamelo esijwayelekile futhi iqala ukufaka ngaphakathi.
Kungani i-weld yami ye-exothermic ibukeka kahle kodwa ilinganisa ukumelana okuphezulu lapho iqaliswa?
Ukumelana okuphezulu ku-weld ebukeka ilungile cishe njalo kubuyela emuva kwenye yezinto ezintathu: umqhubi akazange ahlanzwe abe yinsimbi ekhanyayo ngaphansi komgodi wokushisela, ishaja yempuphu yayincane kakhulu engxenyeni enqamulayo yomqhubi, noma isikhunta saphazanyiswa kabi ngakho insimbi encibilikisiwe yahlanganiswa phakathi kwabaqhubi esikhundleni sokuhlanganiswa kokubili. I-weld enhle kanye ne-weld emelana kancane akuyona into efanayo ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngoba isilinganiso sokumelana sithathwa ngaphesheya kwejoyinti, hhayi nge-bead. Sibone amalunga anobuhlalu obuhle alinganisa ama-micro-ohm angu-800 ngokumelene ne-micro-ohm enempilo engu-30 kuya ku-50 komakhelwane abafanayo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokwehluleka kwe-weld exothermic kanye ne-weld enephutha kusukela ekuqaleni?
Ukwehluleka kwe-weld exothermic yi-joint esebenza kahle ekufakweni bese yonakala ngesikhathi isetshenziswa — ngokuvamile ngokugqwala esibonakalayo se-conductor i-weld ayizange ifinyeleleke ngempela, ngokujikeleza kokushisa okwavula i-micro-gap, noma ngokuphazamiseka komshini. I-weld enephutha yayingakaze ibe yinhle: yayithelwa ngempuphu emanzi, igebe elikhulu kakhulu, isikhunta esigugile, noma i-conductor engcolile, futhi ukwehluleka kuvela ekuqalisweni noma ekuhlolweni kokuqala komthwalo. Ukuhlukanisa lezi zinto ezimbili ngoba ukwehluleka kuvame ukukhomba inkinga yemvelo, kuyilapho igebe likhomba inkinga yenqubo noma yomhlinzeki.
UJane Yang· Umphathi Wokuthengisa, i-Xinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd.
Iminyaka eyi-12 ekuvikeleni umbani kanye nokwehlisa ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe · Iminyaka eyi-17 yokukhiqizwa kwefektri ngemuva kwazo zonke izincomo.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-27-2026