Uma usabalalisa engqalasizinda yezokuxhumana,induku yomhlaba yombhoshongo we-telecomUmugqa ku-oda lakho lokuthenga ubukeka ulula futhi awusebenzi ngendlela ehlukile. Induku iyisici esishibhile kakhulu ohlelweni lokufaka ugesi, kodwa inquma ukuthi isiteshi sesisekelo siyasinda yini isizini yaso yokuqala yombani - nokuthi ikhasimende lakho liphinde lithenge kuwe futhi.Sakha izinduku zomhlaba eziboshwe ngethusi ezinesendlalelo sethusi esimsulwa esingu-0.254 mm esiboshwe ngamamolekyuli ensimbi eqine kakhulu, futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyi-12 sisedeskini lokuthumela ngaphandle ngingakutshela ukuthi abasabalalisi abachumayo yibo abathola induku njengencazelo, hhayi njengempahla.Lo mhlahlandlela ukunika imininingwane ebalulekile, amazinga amakhasimende akho azowacaphuna, izivivinyo eziveza induku mbumbulu ngaphansi komzuzu, kanye nemininingwane yoku-oda ehlukanisa isitsha esibushelelezi nesimangalo.
- Induku yomhlaba yombhoshongo we-telecom kumele ithwale ungqimba lwethusi okungenani olungama-0.254 mm (ama-micron angu-254) phezu kwensimbi, ngoba noma yini encane izobola eminyakeni eminingi ngaphambi kokuba impilo yomklamo wombhoshongo iphele.
- Siphatha i-IEC 62561-2 njengendinganiso yezingxenye echaza izidingo zokuhlola zama-electrode omhlaba, futhi incwadi yemiyalelo yesayithi ye-R56 ye-Motorola ibeka umgomo wokuklama umhlabathi owaziwayo we-5-ohm ozuzwa yizici eziningi zombhoshongo.
- Izinduku zethu eziboshwe ngethusi zinikeza amandla okubamba angu-580 N/mm² noma ngaphezulu, ngakho-ke ziyasinda lapho zishayelwa khona ngesando enhlabathini eqinile lapho izinduku zethusi eziqinile zigoba khona futhi izinduku ezifakwe i-galvanised ziqhekeka khona.
- Sithembele ekuhlolweni kwensimu komzuzu owodwa — i-caliper kungqimba, i-magnet ku-core, ukuhlolwa kokugoba kusampula — kuveza cishe yonke intonga engaphansi kwekhwalithi ngaphambi kokuba ifike embhoshongweni.
- Ifektri yethu ikhiqiza izinduku zethusi eziboshwe ngezibopho ezingafika ku-50,000 ngenyanga, zipakishwe izingcezu eziyi-10 ngenqwaba kanye nezinqwaba ezingama-20 kuya ku-50 ngephalethi, zithunyelwa zivela eShanghai noma eNingbo zinombhalo ophelele wokuthumela ngaphandle.
Umbhoshongo awusona isakhiwo: kungani ukwakhiwa komhlaba nge-telecom kudlala ngemithetho eqinile?
Ngike ngabuka cishe wonke umsabalalisi engisebenza naye efunda lesi sifundo kanye. Umbhoshongo wezokuxhumana uyisakhiwo eside, esiveziwe, esivame ukuba sesiqongweni sentaba esinama-elekthronikhi abucayi aboshwe esisekelweni sawo - inhlanganisela embi kakhulu yombani.Uhlelo lokubeka phansi endaweni yombhoshongo kufanele lwenze imisebenzi emithathu ngesikhathi esisodwa: ukususa ukushaya okuqondile kusuka esiteshini somoya noma esakhiweni ngokwaso, ukuthwala ugesi ophuma kugesi, futhi kunikeze imishini yomsakazo inkomba ehlanzekile evimba umsindo endleleni yesignali.Uphuthelwa yinoma iyiphi yalezi ezintathu futhi umqhubi uyakubona lokhu ezibalweni zokwehluleka kungakapheli nonyaka.
Ngokwalokho esikubonayo, ukwakheka kwendawo kuvame ukulandela uhlaka olufanayo: umqhubi wendandatho efihliwe ozungeze isisekelo sombhoshongo nendawo yokukhosela, izinduku eziqondile eziqhutshwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuleyo ndandatho, izibopho kuwo wonke umlenze wombhoshongo, kanye nendawo eyodwa ye-equipotential lapho kuhlangana khona umhlaba wamandla, wezokuxhumana kanye nowokuvikela umbani.Induku yomhlaba eboshiwe ngethusi iyisici esiqondile cishe kuzo zonke lezi zakhiwo, ngoba yiyona ndlela kuphela ewusizo yokufinyelela inhlabathi emanzi, engamelani nomswakama ngamamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu phansi.Sibona iphethini efanayo ezinhlokweni ezivela kubathwali bezindiza eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ama-towercos e-Afrika kanye namanethiwekhi okuphepha komphakathi eLatin America: indandatho kanye nezinduku, izinduku kanye nezindandatho, akukho okuhlukile.
Izindinganiso ezisekelwe ku-stick: yimiphi imibhalo ikhasimende lakho elizoyicaphuna kuwe?
Sithola ukuthi uma unjiniyela we-towerco ebuyekeza okunikezwayo kwakho, abaphikisi ngentengo kuqala — bazophikisana ngezindinganiso. Ngigcina imibhalo emine inamathiselwe ngaphezu kwedeski lami ngoba ivela kaningi.I-IEC 62561-2kuyindinganiso yezinga lezingxenye ecacisa izidingo kanye nokuhlolwa kwama-electrode omhlaba ensimbi, ngakho-ke induku ethi iyahambisana nayo kumele ibonise ubufakazi bokuhlola obuphikisana nayo.Ngomklamo wezinga lesiza,Incwajana ye-Motorola Solutions R56kusalokhu kuyinkomba etholwa onjiniyela besayithi lomsakazo emhlabeni wonke, ngenhloso yayo yokuklama umhlabathi engu-5-ohm kanye ne-geometry yayo ye-ring-plus-rod. Ngaphakathi kwe-shelter,I-ETSI EN 300 253ichaza ukucushwa komhlaba kanye nokubopha kwezikhungo zokuxhumana, kanye nesendlalelo sokuvikela umbaniI-NFPA 780ibusa ezimakethe ezilandela umkhuba wase-US.
| Okujwayelekile | Lokho okubusayo | Kusho ukuthini nge-oda lakho lenduku |
|---|---|---|
| I-IEC 62561-2 | Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye zama-conductor nama-electrode omhlaba | Cela ifektri ubufakazi bokuhlola ku-electrode uqobo |
| I-Motorola R56 | Umklamo nokuhlolwa kwesisekelo sendawo yokuxhumana | Lindela ukwakheka kwesayithi elingu-5-ohm kanye ne-ring-plus-rod |
| I-ETSI EN 300 253 | Ukwakha nokubopha ngaphakathi kwezikhungo zokuxhumana | Ihadiwe yokubopha indawo yokuhlala kumele ihambisane nohlelo lwenduku |
| I-NFPA 780 | Izinhlelo zokuvikela umbani ezimakethe zase-US | Isikhala se-electrode kanye nemithetho yokubopha ubukhulu bokuma |
Sifuna ukugqamisa umphumela wokuthola imikhiqizo abaningi abasabalalisi abawuphuthelwa.Ifektri ekhiqiza ngempela ngokwalezi zinhlaka igcina imibiko yokuhlola, izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo kanye namarekhodi osayizi ngesabelo ngasinye sokukhiqiza, kuyilapho umhwebi ozenza ifektri anganikeza "isitifiketi sekhwalithi" esijwayelekile esingenalo inombolo yesabelo futhi singenayo ilabhorethri ngemuva kwaso.Sisebenzisa uhlelo lwekhwalithi lwe-ISO 9001:2008 — ungabheka ukuthi lelo zinga lidingani ngempela ku-ikhasi elisemthethweni le-ISO 9001— kanye nakubathengi abafuna ukuhlolwa kukagesi okuvela eceleni kwezinto zokwakha umhlabathi ezihloselwe amaphrojekthi aseduze nokusetshenziswa,I-CEPRI (Isikhungo Socwaningo Lwamandla Kagesi saseShayina)yigunya eliqashelwayo eliyamukelwa amabhodi amathenda emibiko yawo.
Ithusi eliboshwe nge-copper, elifakwe i-galvanized noma eliqinile: la ma-electrode amathathu aqhathaniswa kanjani ngempela?
Sizwa amakhasimende akho ebuza ukuthi kungani kungafanele nje athenge induku eshibhe kakhulu ene-galvanised, noma "engcono kakhulu" yethusi eqinile. Ngiphendula ngemigqa emithathu efanayo njalo. Emithwalweni yethu kanye nemibiko yasensimini esiyitholayo, insimbi ene-galvanised ilahlekelwa isikhumba sayo se-zinc eminyakeni eminingi enhlabathini enamandla, futhi uma i-zinc isiphelile, umongo wensimbi uyabola ngokushesha. Ithusi eliqinile lisebenza kahle kodwa liyagoba ngesikhathi sokushayela ngokujulile futhi libiza ngokuphindwe kaningana ngemitha.Induku eboshwe ngethusi ihlala ngamabomu endaweni emnandi yobunjiniyela: ingaphakathi lensimbi linikeza amandla okuthamba angu-580 N/mm² okushayela, kanti isikhumba sethusi esingu-0.254 mm sinikeza ukuziphatha kokugqwala okusondele ngokwanele kuthusi eliqinile kangangokuthi impilo yenkonzo elinganiselwe idlula iminyaka engu-50.
| Impahla | I-Copper Bonded (uhla lwethu) | Insimbi eqinisiwe | Ithusi eliqinile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Impilo yokugqwala enhlabathini evamile | iminyaka engu-≥50 | Ngokuvamile ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-15 emhlabathini ovuthayo | iminyaka engu-≥50 |
| Amandla okushayela | ≥580 N/mm² | Imifantu ephezulu, kodwa embozwe lapho ushayela | Ukugoba okuphansi enhlabathini eqinile |
| Ukuziphatha kwezendlalelo ekushayeleni | Isibopho sama-molecule siyasinda ekushayweni | Ama-Zinc flakes avaliwe | Akukho ungqimba okufanele ulahlekelwe |
| Izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo | Isisekelo | Izindleko eziphansi kusengaphambili, eziphakeme zokuphila konke | Izikhathi eziningana zokuqala |
| Ukukhanga kokwebiwa kwezinto ezilahliwe | Ingaphakathi lensimbi ephansi — | Akukho | Phezulu |
Ngokuphathelene namanani ngihlala ngibhala ngamabomu ukuthi ngiyincwadi ephrintiwe, kodwa ngingabelana ngesilinganiso esisodwa esithembekile esivela ezincazelweni zethu zokuthumela ngaphandle esiza icala lebhizinisi:induku eboshiwe yethusi ivame ukubiza ngaphansi ngo-30% kuya ku-50% kunobubanzi nobude obufanayo ethusini eliqinile, ikakhulukazi ngoba ingaphakathi lensimbi lithatha indawo cishe yonke insimbi yethusi.Uma iqhathaniswa ne-galvanized, ibiza kakhulu kusengaphambili futhi incane ngesikhathi sokuphila kombhoshongo — futhi abaqhubi bemibhoshongo, ngokungafani nabathengi bezindlu, empeleni babala izindleko zokuphila konke.
I-0.254 mm akuyona isiqubulo: ungayiqinisekisa kanjani induku ngaphambi kokuba ingene emhlabathini?
Sibheka ubukhulu bengqimba yethusi njengenombolo eyodwa esetshenziswa kabi kakhulu kulo msebenzi. Izinduku zethu ziphethe ithusi elihlanzekile elingu-0.254 mm (254 microns) noma ngaphezulu elingu-99.95%, futhi ngitshela wonke umsabalalisi into efanayo: lilinganise wena ekuthunyelweni kokuqala.Ukuhlolwa okuthathu kwensimu kuveza cishe yonke induku engaphansi kwesilinganiso ngaphansi komzuzu - i-caliper noma i-micrometer enesilinganiso sobukhulu besendlalelo kusampula esinqunyiwe, ukuhlolwa kwemagnethi okuqinisekisa umongo wensimbi, kanye nokuhlolwa kokugoba noma kwesando endukuni eyodwa yomhlatshelo.Induku eboshiwe iyasinda uma ishaywa ibe yitshe ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kwesikhumba; induku encane efakwe insimbi yesiliva ikhombisa imicu yensimbi cishe ngokushesha.
Sifundile ukuthi ukunemba kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho abasanda kukubona abakulindele. Umugqa wethu ubamba iphutha lokunemba ngaphakathi kwe-1 mm ngemitha, futhi isizathu yi-physics elula:induku egobile ihamba eceleni ngaphansi kwesando, ayifinyeleli ekujuleni komklamo, futhi ishiya indandatho inamamitha ambalwa e-electrode aqondile kunalokho unjiniyela akubalile.Ngenxa yokuthi ukumelana nomhlaba kuncike ngqo kubude be-electrode efihliwe, induku egobile iguqula buthule umklamo we-5-ohm ube ngokoqobo lwe-9-ohm, futhi akekho oyitholayo kuze kube yilapho ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokugunyazwa kwehlulekile.
Imicu, amaphuzu nobude: uyifanisa kanjani induku nomklamo wombhoshongo?
Ezinhlotsheni zobuningi esizibonayo, imininingwane eminingi ibiza izinduku ezingama-intshi angu-5/8 (14.2 mm) noma angu-3/4 ubude obungama-2.4 m noma angu-3.0 m, futhi ububanzi bethu bokukhiqiza buhlanganisa ububanzi obusukela ku-14.2 mm kuya ku-25 mm kanye nobude obusukela ku-1.2 m kuya ku-3.0 m ngeziphetho ezinezintambo, ezisicaba noma ezicijile. Sikholelwa ukuthi ukukhetha okubaluleke ngempela endaweni ukucushwa kokuphela.Izinduku ezicijile zishayela ngqo; izinduku ezinezintambo zamukela ukuhlanganiswa, ngakho-ke iqembu lingabopha izinduku ezimbili noma ezintathu ukuze zifinyelele amamitha amahlanu noma ayisithupha lapho ukumelana nenhlabathi engajulile kukubi.Sisebenzisa imicu egoqiwe ngomshini esikhundleni sokusika imicu, ngoba imicu egoqiwe igcina ungqimba lwethusi lungaguquki empandeni yemicu lapho imicu egoqiwe iveza khona insimbi.
Kukhona imininingwane eyodwa engigcizelelayo ngokubhala phansi: ihadiwe yokuxhuma kumele ifane nenduku.Ama-clamp, ama-coupling kanye nama-driving head kufanele acashunwe ekuthunyelweni okufanayo nezinduku, ngoba amazinga okufakwa angalingani yiwona isikhalazo sokufakwa esihamba phambili esisizwa ngabasabalalisi abathole izinduku kanye ne-hardware ngokwahlukana.Kumqhubi wendandatho ovundlile, ama-towercos amaningi ahlanganisa izinduku zethuucingo oluboshwe ngensimbi yethusi, okugcina lonke uhlelo olugqitshwe lusekelwe kufilosofi efanayo yethusi-phezu kwensimbi. Ungabona umndeni ogcwele wama-electrode ku-isigaba senduku yomhlabathi embozwe ngethusi, kufaka phakathiinduku yokuthunga eyenziwe ngethusiuhlobo lwamaphrojekthi aluchaza ngalelo gama.
Kusuka edeskini lethu lokuthumela ngaphandle: i-oda lenduku elilungele ukusabalalisa lihlanganisani ngempela?
Siyazi edeskini lethu lokuthumela ukuthi i-oda lenduku elifika liphelele likuvumela ukuthi uthengise ngokushesha; i-oda lenduku elingenawo amaphepha alo lihlala enqolobaneni yakho ngenkathi ikhasimende lakho lishaya ucingo.Iphakethe lethu elijwayelekile lokuthumela ngaphandle lezinduku eziboshwe ngethusi lifaka i-invoyisi yezentengiselwano, uhlu lokupakisha, isitifiketi semvelaphi, isitifiketi sezinto ezisho ubumsulwa bethusi kanye nobukhulu besendlalelo, kanye nombiko olinganiselwe ngenqwaba ngayinye — olungiselelwe kanye nomkhiqizo, awukaze uwulandele.Sipakisha izinduku eziyi-10 ngenqwaba emashubhu e-PVC bese sibeka izinqwaba ezingama-20 kuya kwezingama-50 ngephalethi ngayinye, ngakho-ke isitsha esigcwele sifika nenani lezinqwaba elingasetshenziswa yithimba lakho lokugcina impahla ngemizuzu.
Ngokuphathelene nomthamo kanye nokuqhubeka, ake ngibeke izinombolo ezivela emakhasini ethu asemthethweni etafuleni:Ifektri yethu i-Xinchang iphethe isitshalo esingama-3,000 m² esinabasebenzi bokukhiqiza abangaphezu kuka-40 kanye nethimba le-R&D labantu aba-5, ikhiqiza izinduku eziboshwe ngethusi ezingafika ku-50,000 ngenyanga, ithumela kwamanye amazwe angaphezu kuka-60, futhi iqophe ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okulinganiselwa ku-USD million 15 ngo-2022.Sitshela abasabalalisi abakha ukuqaliswa kweminyaka eminingi ukuthi lokhu kujula kubaluleke kakhulu kunanoma yiliphi intengo eyodwa —Sigcina imininingwane ephindaphindwayo efayeleni, ngakho-ke isitsha sakho sesibili sifana nesokuqala phansi nephimbo lentambo.Okwethuikhasi lenduku eboshiwe ngethusiibala ububanzi obuphelele, futhi ithimba lami liphendula imibuzo yokucacisa ngosuku olufanayo lwebhizinisi.
Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Ingakanani ububanzi nobude obudingekayo yizincazelo eziningi zombhoshongo wezokuxhumana?
Sivame ukucaphuna izinduku ezingama-intshi angu-5/8 (14.2 mm) kanye nama-intshi angu-3/4 ngobude obungama-2.4 m kanye nama-3.0 m, ngokuvamile izinduku ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngomlenze wombhoshongo ngamunye eziboshwe endandatho efihliwe. Ububanzi bethu buhlanganisa ama-mm angu-14.2 kuya ku-25 mm kanye nama-mm angu-1.2 kuya ku-3.0, ukuze sikwazi ukufanisa imininingwane yesikhathi esidlule ncamashi.
Zingaki izinduku zomhlaba ezidingwa indawo evamile yombhoshongo?
Kusukela kumanani esiwacaphuna njalo ngenyanga, umbhoshongo ojwayelekile onemilenze emithathu noma emine onendandatho yokukhosela uvame ukufika phakathi kwezinduku ezingu-8 no-16, ukhuphuke lapho ukumelana nenhlabathi kuphezulu khona. Umklami wendawo ulungisa inani lokugcina kusukela kunhloso yesitayela sama-ohm angu-5, futhi isilinganiso sethu esingenhla sikunikeza umbono wezinga lokuhleleka.
Ingabe ithusi elingu-0.254 mm liyadingeka ngempela, noma ingabe ithusi elingu-0.1 mm lanele?
Sincoma ukuthi ubambe umugqa ongu-0.254 mm, futhi ulwazi lwethu lwewaranti lusekela leso sikhundla. Izembozo ezincane zigqwala kusenesikhathi enhlabathini enamandla, futhi umehluko wentengo ngenduku ngayinye mncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko zokushayela kabusha ama-electrode endaweni yombhoshongo ophilayo eminyakeni embalwa kamuva.
Ingabe izinduku zethusi eziboshwe ngethusi zingashintshwa nge-exothermically kumqhubi wendandatho?
Yebo — endaweni yethu yokusebenzela sixhumanisa izinduku eziboshwe ngethusi endandatho ngezimbobo ezijwayelekile ze-exothermic ezihambisana nobubanzi benduku, kanti ingaphakathi lensimbi lithatha i-weld ngaphandle kwenkinga. Singathumela izimbobo, sixhumanise insimbi nezinduku esitsheni esisodwa ukuze abasebenzi bangalokothi balinde umhlinzeki wesibili.
Yibuphi ubufakazi bokuhlola okufanele ngibucele efektri?
Sicebisa ukuthi ucele izinto ezintathu: isitifiketi sezinto ezibonakalayo esibonisa ubumsulwa bethusi obungu-99.95% kanye nobukhulu besendlalelo, izibalo zokuthambekela nokuqondile nge-lot ngayinye, kanye nanoma yibuphi ubufakazi bokuhlola be-IEC 62561-2 be-electrode. Umenzi wangempela ukhiqiza lokhu nge-imeyili eyodwa; umhwebi ngokuvamile akakwazi.
Ingabe uyawanikeza ama-clamp kanye nama-coupling ukuze ahambisane nezinduku?
Yebo, futhi sincoma kakhulu ukucaphuna izinduku, ama-coupling, amakhanda okushayela kanye nama-clamp ndawonye. Izindinganiso zentambo ezihambisanayo ziyimininingwane yokuqala ehlukanisa ukufakwa okubushelelezi neqembu elimisiwe, futhi ukuthola ukuthunyelwa okukodwa kususa ingozi ngokuphelele.
Izinduku zipakishwa kanjani ukuze zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe?
Sipakisha izinduku eziyi-10 ngenqwaba emashubhu e-PVC, sipakishe izinqwaba ezingama-20 kuya kwezingama-50 ngephalethi ngayinye, bese sithunyelwa sisuka eShanghai noma eNingbo. Uhlu lokupakisha lubonisa inani lezinqwaba, ngakho indawo yakho yokugcina impahla ingaqinisekisa isitsha ngaphandle kokuvula wonke amashubhu.
Ukwakha ukuqaliswa kombhoshongo noma ukuvuselela imininingwane yesayithi?
Sithumelele ishejuli yenduku — ububanzi, ubude, intambo, ubuningi ngesayithi ngalinye — bese sibuyisela iphakheji ehambisanayo yezinduku, ama-coupling, ama-clamp kanye nezinto zokushisela ezinezitifiketi zezinga le-lot kanye nesilinganiso sefektri.
UJane Yang— Umphathi Wokuthengisa, i-Xinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd.
UJane uchithe iminyaka eyi-12 edeskini lokuthumela ngaphandle kwefektri yethu yokuvikela umhlaba kanye nombani, esiza abasabalalisi bengqalasizinda yezokuxhumana ukuthola izinduku zomhlaba eziboshwe ngethusi, ama-CCS conductors kanye nehadiwe yokumisa umhlaba enesitifiketi sezinga le-lot kanye nemibhalo ephelele yokuthumela ngaphandle.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 16-2026