Idan ka rarraba zuwa ga kayayyakin more rayuwa na sadarwa,Hasumiyar Sadarwa ta Duniya sandar ƙasaLayin da ke kan odar siyanka yana kama da mai sauƙi kuma yana aiki ba tare da wani abu ba sai dai. Sanda ita ce mafi arha a cikin tsarin saukar ƙasa, duk da haka tana yanke shawara ko tashar tushe ta tsira daga lokacin walƙiya na farko - da kuma ko abokin cinikinka ya sake saya daga gare ka.Muna ƙera sandunan ƙasa masu ɗaure da tagulla tare da Layer na tagulla tsantsa mai girman 0.254 mm wanda aka haɗa shi da ƙwayar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, kuma bayan shekaru 12 a kan teburin fitarwa zan iya gaya muku cewa masu rarrabawa waɗanda suka bunƙasa su ne waɗanda ke samo sandar a matsayin takamaiman bayani, ba a matsayin kaya ba.Wannan jagorar tana ba ku takamaiman bayanai masu mahimmanci, ƙa'idodin da abokan cinikin ku za su yi amfani da su, gwaje-gwajen da ke fallasa sandar karya cikin ƙasa da minti ɗaya, da kuma bayanan oda waɗanda ke raba akwati mai santsi da da'awa.
- Dole ne sandar ƙasa ta hasumiyar sadarwa ta ɗauki aƙalla tagulla mai girman 0.254 mm (microns 254) a kan tsakiyar ƙarfe, domin duk wani abu mai siriri zai lalace shekaru kafin tsawon lokacin ƙirar hasumiyar ya ƙare.
- Muna ɗaukar IEC 62561-2 a matsayin ma'aunin kayan da ke bayyana buƙatun gwaji don electrodes na ƙasa, kuma littafin jagorar rukunin yanar gizon Motorola R56 ya kafa sanannen maƙasudin ƙirar ƙasa na 5-ohm wanda yawancin ƙayyadaddun hasumiya ke gada.
- Sandunanmu masu ɗaure da tagulla suna ba da ƙarfin tauri na 580 N/mm² ko fiye, don haka suna tsira daga guduma da ke shiga cikin ƙasa mai tauri inda sandunan tagulla masu ƙarfi suka lanƙwasa kuma sandunan da aka yi da galvanized suka fashe.
- Mun dogara ne akan duba filin na minti ɗaya - caliper akan layin, maganadisu akan tsakiya, gwajin lanƙwasa akan samfurin - yana fallasa kusan kowace sandar da ba ta da inganci kafin ta isa hasumiya.
- Masana'antarmu tana samar da har zuwa sandunan jan ƙarfe 50,000 a kowane wata, ana tattara guda 10 a kowane fakiti da kuma fakiti 20 zuwa 50 a kowane fakiti, ana jigilar su daga Shanghai ko Ningbo tare da cikakken saitin takaddun fitarwa.
Hasumiya ba gini ba ce: me yasa fasahar sadarwa ke aiki bisa ƙa'idodi masu tsauri?
Na kalli kusan kowace mai rarrabawa da nake aiki da ita tana koyon wannan darasi sau ɗaya. Hasumiyar sadarwa wani gini ne mai tsayi, wanda aka fallasa, wanda galibi yake saman tudu tare da na'urorin lantarki masu laushi waɗanda aka ɗaure a tushe - mafi munin haɗuwa ga walƙiya.Tsarin saukar jiragen sama a wurin hasumiya dole ne ya yi ayyuka uku a lokaci guda: kawar da hare-haren kai tsaye daga tashar jirgin sama ko ginin kanta, ɗaukar wutar lantarki daga wutar lantarki, da kuma bai wa kayan aikin rediyon wata hanya mai tsabta wadda ke hana hayaniya shiga hanyar sigina.Ku rasa ɗaya daga cikin ukun kuma mai aiki ya gan shi a cikin ƙididdigar gazawar cikin shekara guda.
A cikin ƙwarewarmu, tsarin wurin yawanci yana bin ƙashin guda ɗaya: jagoran zobe da aka binne a kusa da tushen hasumiyar da mafaka, sandunan tsaye da aka tura a tazara tare da wannan zoben, an ɗaure shi da kowace ƙafar hasumiya, da kuma wuri ɗaya na kayan aiki inda wutar lantarki, sadarwa da ƙasa ke haɗuwa.Sanda mai ɗaure da jan ƙarfe shine abu a tsaye a kusan kowace ƙira, domin ita ce hanya ɗaya tilo da za a iya isa ga ƙasa mai danshi, mai ƙarancin juriya ga ruwa mai mita biyu zuwa uku a ƙasa.Mun ga irin wannan tsari a cikin takamaiman bayanai daga kamfanonin jigilar kaya a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, Towercos a Afirka da hanyoyin sadarwar tsaron jama'a a Latin Amurka: zobe da sanduna, sanduna da zobe, babu keɓancewa.
Ka'idojin da ke bayan sandar: waɗanne takardu ne abokin cinikin ku zai yi muku magana a kansu?
Mun gano cewa idan injiniyan towerco ya sake duba tayin ku, ba ya jayayya game da farashi da farko - za su yi jayayya game da ƙa'idodi. Ina ajiye takardu huɗu a saman teburina saboda suna fitowa akai-akai.IEC 62561-2shine ma'aunin matakin kayan aiki wanda ke ƙayyade buƙatu da gwaje-gwaje don na'urorin lantarki na ƙarfe, don haka sandar da ke da'awar bin ƙa'idodi dole ne ta nuna shaidar gwaji a kanta.Don tsarin matakin shafin,Bayani game da Motorola Solutions R56Ya kasance abin da injiniyoyin gidajen rediyo a duk duniya suka gada, tare da manufar ƙirar ƙasa mai ƙarfin 5-ohm da kuma tsarin zobe-da-sanda. A cikin matsugunin,ETSI EN 300 253yana bayyana tsarin ƙasa da haɗin kai ga cibiyoyin sadarwa, da kuma matakin kariya daga walƙiyaNFPA 780yana mulki a kasuwannin da ke bin tsarin Amurka.
| Daidaitacce | Abin da yake mulki | Abin da yake nufi ga umarnin sandar ku |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 62561-2 | Gwaje-gwajen sassan don masu jagoranci da na'urorin lantarki na ƙasa | Tambayi masana'anta don shaidar gwaji akan electrode kanta |
| Motorola R56 | Tsarin ginin ƙasa da kuma duba shi a wurin sadarwa | Yi tsammanin tsarin maƙasudin shafin 5-ohm da kuma tsarin zobe-plus-sanda |
| ETSI EN 300 253 | Ƙasa da haɗin kai a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa | Kayan haɗin mafaka dole ne ya dace da tsarin sandar |
| NFPA 780 | Tsarin kariyar walƙiya a kasuwannin ayyukan Amurka | Tazarar lantarki da ƙa'idojin haɗin kai suna siffanta adadi |
Muna son nuna sakamakon samowa da yawancin masu rarrabawa ke yi.Masana'antar da ta ƙera da gaske bisa ga waɗannan tsare-tsare tana ajiye rahotannin gwaji, takaddun shaida na kayan aiki da bayanan girma a kowace masana'anta, yayin da ɗan kasuwa mai ɗaukar kansa a matsayin masana'anta zai iya bayar da "takardar shaidar inganci" ta gama gari kawai ba tare da lambar fili ba kuma babu dakin gwaje-gwaje a bayansa.Muna gudanar da tsarin ingancin ISO 9001:2008 - zaku iya duba abin da wannan ƙa'idar take buƙata akan ma'auninShafin ISO 9001 na hukuma- da kuma ga masu siye waɗanda ke son gwajin lantarki na ɓangare na uku na kayan ƙasa da aka yi niyya don ayyukan amfani da wutar lantarki,CEPRI (Cibiyar Binciken Wutar Lantarki ta China)ita ce hukuma da aka amince da ita wacce kwamitin bayar da rahoto ke karɓa.
Tagulla mai ɗaurewa, mai galvanized ko kuma mai ƙarfi: ta yaya za a kwatanta electrodes guda uku?
Mun ji abokan cinikinku suna tambayar dalilin da yasa ba za su sayi mafi arha sandar galvanized ba, ko kuma mafi kyawun tagulla mai ƙarfi "mafi kyau". Ina amsa da layi uku iri ɗaya a kowane lokaci. A cikin jigilar kayayyaki da rahotannin da muke samu a fagen, ƙarfe mai galvanized yana rasa fatar zinc cikin shekaru a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarfi, kuma da zarar zinc ya tafi, tsakiyar ƙarfe yana lalacewa da sauri. Tagulla mai ƙarfi yana aiki da kyau amma yana lanƙwasa yayin tuƙi mai zurfi kuma yana kashe ninki da yawa a kowace mita.Sanda mai ɗaure da jan ƙarfe yana zaune a cikin wurin da injiniyan ke amfani da shi: tsakiyar ƙarfe yana ba da ƙarfin juriya na 580 N/mm² don tuƙi, kuma fatar jan ƙarfe mai girman 0.254 mm tana ba da yanayin tsatsa kusa da tagulla mai ƙarfi wanda tsawon lokacin aikin ya wuce shekaru 50.
| Kadara | An haɗa jan ƙarfe (jerinmu) | Karfe mai galvanized | Tagulla mai ƙarfi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rayuwar tsatsa a cikin ƙasa ta yau da kullun | ≥ shekaru 50 | Sau da yawa ƙasa da shekaru 15 a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarfi | ≥ shekaru 50 |
| Ƙarfin tuƙi | ≥580 N/mm² | Babban, amma rufe fasa a kan tuki | Ƙasa - lanƙwasa a cikin ƙasa mai tauri |
| Tsarin aiki yayin tuki | Haɗin kwayoyin halitta yana tsira daga buguwa | An cire sinadarin zinc | Babu wani Layer da za a rasa |
| Kudin kayan da aka danganta | Tushen tushe | Ƙananan farashi na gaba, mafi girma na rayuwa | Sau da yawa tushen tushe |
| Rokon satar kayan da aka yi da bambaro | Ƙaramin ƙarfe - tsakiyar ciki | Babu | Babban |
Dangane da farashi, ina ci gaba da kasancewa mai inganci a rubuce-rubuce, amma zan iya raba rabo ɗaya na gaskiya daga ambaton fitarwa wanda ke taimakawa harkar kasuwanci:Sandar da aka haɗa da jan ƙarfe yawanci tana kashe ƙasa da kashi 30% zuwa 50% idan aka kwatanta da diamita da tsawon tagulla iri ɗaya, musamman saboda tsakiyar ƙarfe yana maye gurbin kusan dukkan nauyin jan ƙarfe.Ba kamar ƙarfe mai kauri ba, yana da tsada sosai fiye da tsawon rayuwar hasumiyar - kuma masu aikin hasumiyar, ba kamar masu siyan gidaje ba, suna ƙididdige farashin rayuwa.
0.254 mm ba taken magana ba ne: ta yaya ake tabbatar da sanda kafin ta shiga ƙasa?
Mun yi la'akari da kauri na layin tagulla a matsayin lamba mafi yawan cin zarafi a wannan sana'ar. Sandunanmu suna ɗauke da 0.254 mm (microns 254) ko fiye da 99.95% na tagulla tsantsa, kuma ina gaya wa kowane mai rarrabawa abu ɗaya: auna shi da kanka a kan jigilar farko.Binciken fili guda uku suna fallasa kusan kowace sandar da ba ta da inganci a cikin ƙasa da minti ɗaya - caliper ko micrometer mai ma'aunin kauri na Layer akan samfurin da aka yanke, gwajin maganadisu wanda ke tabbatar da tsakiyar ƙarfe, da gwajin lanƙwasa ko guduma akan sandar hadaya ɗaya.Sanda mai ɗaurewa tana tsira daga busar da ta zama tsakuwa ba tare da fatar ta fashe ba; sandar da aka yi wa fenti mai siriri tana nuna alamun ƙarfe na azurfa nan take.
Mun koyi cewa daidaito yana da muhimmanci fiye da yadda sabbin mutane ke tsammani. Layinmu yana riƙe kuskuren daidaito a cikin mm 1 a kowace mita, kuma dalilin shine ilimin kimiyyar lissafi mai sauƙi:Sanda mai lanƙwasa tana tafiya a gefe a ƙarƙashin guduma, ba ta taɓa kaiwa zurfin ƙira ba, kuma tana barin zoben da ƙarancin mita a tsaye na lantarki fiye da yadda injiniyan ya ƙididdige.Saboda juriyar ƙasa ta dogara kai tsaye akan tsawon lantarki da aka binne, sandar da ta karkace a hankali tana canza ƙirar 5-ohm zuwa gaskiyar 9-ohm, kuma babu wanda ya gano ta har sai gwajin farko da ya gaza.
Zaren, maki da tsayi: ta yaya za a daidaita sandar da ƙirar hasumiya?
A cikin lissafin hasumiya mai yawa da muka gani, yawancin ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna buƙatar sandunan inci 5/8 (14.2 mm) ko inci 3/4 a tsawon mita 2.4 ko mita 3.0, kuma kewayon samarwarmu yana rufe diamita daga mm 14.2 zuwa 25 mm da tsayi daga m 1.2 zuwa m 3.0 tare da ƙarshen zare, lebur ko mai nuna. Mun yi imanin cewa zaɓin da ya fi muhimmanci a wurin shine tsarin ƙarshe.Sandunan da aka yi wa alama suna tuƙi kai tsaye; sandunan da aka zare suna karɓar haɗin gwiwa, don haka ma'aikatan jirgin za su iya ɗaure sanduna biyu ko uku don su kai mita biyar ko shida idan ƙasa ba ta da ƙarfi sosai.Mu kan yi amfani da injin dinki wajen yanke zare maimakon yanke zare, domin zaren da aka birgima yana kiyaye layin jan karfe a tushen zaren inda zaren da aka yanke ke fallasa karfe.
Akwai wani bayani ɗaya da na dage a kai a rubuce: kayan haɗin dole ne su dace da sandar.Ya kamata a yi amfani da maƙallan manne, haɗin kai da kuma kan tuƙi a cikin jigilar kaya iri ɗaya da sandunan, domin ƙa'idodin zare marasa daidaito su ne ƙarar shigarwa ta farko da muke ji daga masu rarrabawa waɗanda suka samo sanda da kayan aiki daban-daban.Ga jagoran zobe na kwance, yawancin hasumiyai suna haɗa sandunan tare da namuWayar ƙarfe mai ɗaure da tagulla, wanda ke kiyaye dukkan tsarin da aka binne a kan falsafar jan ƙarfe iri ɗaya. Kuna iya ganin cikakken dangin lantarki a cikin namuRukunin sandar ƙasa mai rufin tagulla, gami dasandar ƙasa mai jan ƙarfebambance-bambancen ayyukan da ke ƙayyade shi da wannan sunan.
Daga teburin fitar da kaya: menene odar sandar da aka shirya wa masu rarrabawa ta ƙunsa a zahiri?
Mun sani daga teburin jigilar kaya cewa odar sandar da ta zo cikakke tana ba ku damar sayarwa nan take; odar sandar da ta rasa takardunta tana cikin shagon ku yayin da abokin cinikin ku ke kira.Tsarin fitar da kayayyaki na yau da kullun don sandunan jan ƙarfe da aka haɗa sun haɗa da takardar lissafin kasuwanci, jerin kayan tattarawa, takardar shaidar asali, takardar shaidar kayan aiki da ke nuna tsarkin jan ƙarfe da kauri mai faɗi, da kuma rahoton girma a kowace yanki - wanda aka shirya a layi ɗaya da samarwa, wanda ba a taɓa bin sa ba.Muna tattara sanduna 10 a kowace fakiti a cikin bututun PVC kuma mu tara fakiti 20 zuwa 50 a kowace fakiti, don haka cikakken akwati ya zo tare da ƙidayar fakitin ƙungiyar ma'ajiyar ku za ta iya tabbatarwa cikin mintuna.
Game da iya aiki da ci gaba, bari in sanya lambobin da ke cikin shafukanmu na hukuma a kan teburi:Masana'antarmu ta Xinchang tana gudanar da masana'antar samar da kayayyaki mai fadin murabba'in mita 3,000 tare da ma'aikatan samarwa sama da 40 da kuma tawagar bincike da ci gaba ta mutane 5, tana samar da sandunan jan karfe har zuwa 50,000 a kowane wata, tana fitar da su zuwa kasashe sama da 60, kuma ta sami dala miliyan 15 a cikin fitar da kayayyaki a shekarar 2022.Muna gaya wa masu rarrabawa waɗanda ke gina shirin shekaru da yawa cewa wannan zurfin ya fi muhimmanci fiye da kowane farashi ɗaya -Muna riƙe da ƙayyadaddun bayanai masu maimaitawa akan fayil, don haka akwati na biyu ya dace da matakin farko zuwa matakin zare.Namushafi na sandar jan ƙarfeyana lissafa cikakken kewayon girma, kuma ƙungiyata tana amsa tambayoyin ƙayyadaddun bayanai a cikin ranar kasuwanci ɗaya.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Wane diamita da tsayi ne yawancin takaddun hasumiyoyin sadarwa ke buƙata?
Muna ambaton sandunan inci 5/8 (14.2 mm) da inci 3/4 a tsawon mita 2.4 da mita 3.0 sau da yawa, yawanci sanduna biyu ko fiye a kowace ƙafar hasumiya da aka haɗa da zoben da aka binne. Tsarinmu yana rufe 14.2 mm zuwa 25 mm da 1.2 m zuwa 3.0 m, don haka za mu iya daidaita takamaiman bayanin da aka riga aka tsara.
Sandunan ƙasa nawa ne wurin hasumiya na yau da kullun ke buƙata?
Daga cikin lissafin da muke bayarwa kowane wata, hasumiya mai ƙafafu uku ko huɗu wacce ke da zoben mafaka yawanci tana sauka tsakanin sanduna 8 zuwa 16, tana tashi inda juriyar ƙasa take da yawa. Mai tsara wurin yana gyara ƙidayar ƙarshe daga maƙasudin salon 5-ohm, kuma mai kimantawa da ke sama yana ba ku ra'ayi na matakin tsari.
Shin 0.254 mm na jan ƙarfe ya zama dole, ko kuma 0.1 mm ya isa?
Muna ba da shawarar riƙe layin 0.254 mm, kuma ƙwarewar garantinmu ta goyi bayan wannan matsayin. Rufin da ke da sirara yana lalacewa tun da wuri a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarfi, kuma bambancin farashi a kowace sandar ba shi da yawa idan aka kwatanta da farashin sake tuƙi na lantarki a wurin hasumiya mai rai shekaru kaɗan bayan haka.
Za a iya haɗa sandunan jan ƙarfe da aka haɗa da zafi ta hanyar haɗa su da na'urar sarrafa zobe?
Eh — a cikin sashenmu na aiki, muna haɗa sandunan tagulla da aka haɗa da zobe tare da daidaitattun molds na exothermic waɗanda suka dace da diamita na sanda, kuma tsakiyar ƙarfe yana ɗaukar walda ba tare da matsala ba. Za mu iya jigilar molds, walda ƙarfe da sanduna a cikin akwati ɗaya don ma'aikatan ba za su taɓa jira wani mai samar da kayayyaki na biyu ba.
Wane shaidar gwaji ya kamata in nemi masana'anta?
Muna ba da shawarar neman abubuwa uku: takardar shaidar kayan da ke nuna tsarkin jan ƙarfe 99.95% da kauri na yadudduka, alkaluman tensile da madaidaiciya a kowace kuri'a, da kuma duk wani shaidar gwaji ta IEC 62561-2 don na'urar lantarki. Mai ƙera kayan lantarki na gaske yana samar da waɗannan a cikin imel ɗaya; ɗan kasuwa yawanci ba zai iya ba.
Shin kuna samar da maƙallan da haɗin gwiwa don tafiya tare da sandunan?
Eh, kuma muna ba da shawarar a yi amfani da sanduna, haɗin kai, kan tuƙi da maƙallan tare. Ma'aunin zare da suka dace sune mafi girman bayani wanda ke raba shigarwa mai santsi daga ma'aikatan da ba su da isasshen aiki, kuma samowar jigilar kaya ɗaya yana kawar da haɗarin gaba ɗaya.
Ta yaya ake tattara sandunan don fitarwa?
Muna tattara sanduna 10 a kowace fakiti a cikin bututun PVC, muna tara fakiti 20 zuwa 50 a kowace fakiti, sannan mu aika su daga Shanghai ko Ningbo. Jerin kayan da aka tattara yana nuna adadin fakitin, don haka rumbun ajiyar ku zai iya tabbatar da kwantenar ba tare da buɗe kowace bututu ba.
Gina ginin hasumiya ko sabunta bayanin wurin?
Aiko mana da jadawalin sandar - diamita, tsayi, zare, adadi a kowane wuri - kuma za mu dawo da fakitin sandunan da suka dace, haɗin gwiwa, manne da kayan walda tare da takaddun shaida na matakin ƙasa da kuma ƙimar masana'anta.
Jane Yang— Manajan Talla, Xinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd.
Jane ta shafe shekaru 12 tana aiki a teburin fitar da kayayyaki na masana'antarmu ta ƙasa da kare walƙiya, tana taimaka wa masu rarraba kayayyakin more rayuwa na sadarwa wajen samo sandunan ƙasa masu ɗaure da tagulla, masu kula da CCS da kayan aikin ƙasa tare da takardar shaidar matakin ƙasa da cikakken takardun fitarwa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-16-2026