A ukusilela kwentonga yomhlabaphantse ayikaze iziveze. Intonga iyaqhubeka imi, i-clamp iqhubeka ikhanya ngaphezu komgangatho, kwaye ndihlala ndibona ukugqwala kufunyenwe kuphela ngovavanyo lokumelana nomhlaba olungaphumelelanga - okanye okubi ngakumbi, isiphene esingafumani ndlela yokubuyela ekhaya. Ndibona iipatheni ezine zophando kwiifoto zokukhutshwa kwengcwaba abathengi abandithumelela zona: zincitshiswe yonke indawo ngumhlaba ovuthayo, zityiwe amalungu zizibini zesinyithi ezahlukeneyo, zihluthwe iinyanga nge-DC current elahlekileyo, okanye zigqunywe ngemingxuma enzulu yibhaktheriya enciphisa i-sulfate. Indlela nganye inesihluzo esahlukileyo, uphawu olwahlukileyo, kwaye - ukuthengwa kwenxalenye kunokusebenza kuyo - ukhuselo oluhlukileyo lweenkcukacha. Ndihamba kuzo zonke ezine ngedatha yasentsimini emva kwazo, umgcini-manqaku omngcipheko womhlaba onokuwuqhuba kwindawo yakho, kunye nendlela esakha ngayo iintonga ezibotshelelwe ngobhedu kwisityalo sethu saseXinchang ukumelana nazo.
TL;DR — Ababulali Abane, Babekwe ngokweeNkalo endibabona ngazo rhoqo
- Ukugqwala komhlaba okufanayongumbulali oqhelekileyo weentonga ze-galvanized endizibona zigrunjwa: uphando lweendawo ezingama-23,000 lweetanki ezingaphantsi komhlaba lufumanise ukuba ukufuma komhlaba kungaphezulu kwe-17.5% yiyo eyenza ii-chloride zibe namandla, yiyo loo nto intonga inye ihlala amashumi eminyaka kumhlaba owomileyo onesihlabathi kwaye ingaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi kudongwe olumanzi.
- Ukugqwala kweGalvanicihlasela amalungu esinyithi axutyiweyo: igridi yomhlaba yobhedu ebotshelelwe kwintsimbi egayiweyo yenza i-zinc ibe yi-anode yokubingelela, kwaye i-American Galvanizers Association icebisa ukuba umlinganiselo wendawo ye-anode ukuya kwi-cathode ube yi-10:1 ubuncinane ukuze kuncitshiswe umnikelo.
- I-DC yangoku elahlekileyoyeyona nto ibulala ngokukhawuleza: Ukusebenza kwe-HVDC ukubuyisa umhlaba kufaka amawaka ee-ampere emhlabeni, kwaye ii-electrodes ezikufutshane nomzila wesitimela, iipali zomhlaba ze-HVDC, okanye iinkqubo zokukhusela i-cathodic zinokulahlekelwa yintsimbi kwiinyanga kunokuba zibe ngamashumi eminyaka.
- Ndibiza ngokuba yi-microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC)umbulali ofihlakeleyo: iintsholongwane ezinciphisa i-sulfate kumhlaba ongena-anaerobic, i-pH 6-8 zinyuse amazinga okugqwala kwentsimbi ngokuphindwe kathandathu kuvavanyo olulawulwayo, kwaye umbhobho omtsha obhaliweyo awuzange uphumelele kwi-MIC kwiinyanga ezi-8 kuphela.
- Ukuzikhusela kuqala ngejakethi yesinyithi eqhubekayo: iintonga zethu ezibotshelelweyo zobhedu ziphethe umaleko wobhedu ofakwe ngombane obuyi-0.254 mm ubuncinane kwi-99.95% yobumsulwa — akukho zinc yokuncama, akukho khefu lokugquma iintsholongwane, eliqinisekiswe yi-90° bend kwi-100 mm radius kwibhetshi nganye.
Indlela 1 — Ukugqwala Komhlaba Okufanayo: Ukuncitshiswa Okuzolileyo
Ndikhumbuza abathengi ukuba yonke i-electrode engcwatyiweyo ihlala ngaphakathi kwiseli ye-electrochemical, nokuba yenzelwe okanye ayiyilwanga. Ndichaza ukufuma komhlaba njenge-electrolyte, iityuwa njengokubeka umbane wayo, kwaye intonga njenge-ion yesinyithi elahlekelwa yi-ion, unyaka nonyaka. I-American Galvanizers Association'sidatha yokugqwala komhlaba, eyakhelwe kuphando lukaGqr. Warren Rogers lweendawo zokugcina iitanki ezingaphantsi komhlaba ezingaphezu kwama-23,000, ibala into eguqula iseli ibe ndlongondlongo: iikloridi, umxholo womswakama, kunye ne-pH zilawula, kunye nokuchasana nobushushu kudlala indima yesibini. Eyona nto ifunyenwe nguRogers kukuba kukho umda — ngaphantsi kwe-17.5% yokufuma komhlaba, uxinano lwekloridi aluyishukumisi kangako isantya sokugqwala; ngaphezulu kwayo, iikloridi zihlasela ngamandla. Ndiphatha umhlaba ongaphantsi kwe-pH 7 njengowongeza umonakalo.Ngenxa yokuba umswakama, kungekhona ikhalenda, ubeka iwotshi yokubola, uluhlu lwedatha yentonga egqunyiweyo "yeminyaka eli-10–20" lufihla ukusasazeka okunobundlobongela: intonga efanayo iyinto yeminyaka engama-25 kwisanti ekhutshiweyo kwaye inoxanduva lweminyaka esi-7 kudongwe olumanzi nolunetyuwa.
Ndifunda uphawu lwe-forensic njengolunciphayo kubude obungcwatyiweyo, olubi kakhulu kumgca womhlaba. Ndinika isivakalisi sayo esiphezulu se-300 mm kuba sihlala ngaphaya kwe-oxygen gradient phakathi komhlaba ongaphezulu ovuthisiweyo kunye nobunzulu obungena-oxygen, ngoko ke umoya oxutyiweyo uhlasela ngqo apho intonga ingena khona emhlabeni - indawo apho kungekho mntu uyimbayo. Kwizinto zokugquma ezizincamayo izibalo zithe ngqo kwaye azixoleli: i-zinc ikhusela ngokutyiwa, ngoko ke ubomi buyi-coating mass eyahlulwe yi-corrosion rate yendawo.Ngenxa yokuba ijakethi yesinyithi esihloniphekileyo ikhusela ngokukhutshelwa ngaphandle endaweni yokuncama, umaleko wobhedu oqhubekayo awuthwali oku kubalwa phantsi konke konke - yiyo loo nto izixhobo ezisebenzisa umhlaba odlakadlaka zayeka ukuthenga i-galvanized kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo.
Indlela 2 — Ukubola kweGalvanic: Amalungu atshabalalisa iGrid
Nantsi indlela yokusilela endiyibonayo kwiifoto zokukhutshwa kwengcwaba ubuncinane rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa: i-rod barrel iphilile, kodwa isinyithi esingaphakathi kwe-100 mm yoqhagamshelo sityiwa sibe yisithunzi esinqeni. Ndibiza loo nto ngokuba yi-galvanic corrosion, kwaye ifiziksi yayo ilula kakhulu. NgokweIsikhokelo seentsimbi ezahlukeneyo ze-American Galvanizers Association, iseli ye-galvanic ifuna izinto ezine - i-anode, i-cathode, i-electrolyte, kunye nendlela yokubuya komsinga - kwaye umhlaba omanzi unika eyesithathu ngelixa ucingo lwakho lokubopha lunika eyesine. Hlanganisa inkqubo yokumisa esekwe kubhedu kunye neenqaba zentsimbi ezigayiweyo, iingcingo, okanye intsimbi yokuqinisa, kwaye i-zinc iba yi-anode: iyabola ngokukhethekileyo ukukhusela ubhedu. Umthetho wethu, othathwe kwi-AGA, ngumlinganiselo wendawo yomphezulu we-anode-to-cathode ubuncinane i-10:1; yiguqule - i-clamp encinci ene-zinc okanye i-bolt ebopha igridi enkulu yobhedu kunye - kwaye inxalenye encinci inokutyiwa kwinxalenye yobomi boyilo lwegridi. Olu nxulumano lufanayo lulumkisa ukuba namanzi aphuma kumphezulu wobhedu athwala ubhedu olwaneleyo olunyibilikisiweyo ukuhlasela i-zinc ngezantsi.
Ngenxa yokuba isibini se-galvanic sigxila wonke umonakalo waso kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano, igridi inokuvavanywa iminyaka emininzi ngelixa ii-clamps zayo zisondela ekusileleni ngokuzolileyo - kwaye xa i-clamp ikhululeka, intonga esebenzisiweyo iba yinto yokuhombisa.Ndiyithatha i-hardware yoqhagamshelo njengento echazayo, andicingi nokucinga ngayo emva koko, yiyo loo nto siyisebenzisayo.izibambo zokugquma umhlaba ezilwa nokugqwalakwi-copper ecocekileyo okanye efakwe kwi-tin: ukufanisa amandla e-electrochemical omqhubi kususa esi sibini endaweni yokusilawula.
Indlela 3 — Umsinga Olahlekileyo: I-Electrode Etyiwa Ngumbane
Ndiyayihlonipha kakhulu indlela yesithathu: inokubulala i-electrode enzima kumjikelo omnye webhajethi, kwaye ayinanto yakwenza nekhemistri yomhlaba. Naphi na apho i-DC current ihamba khona emhlabeni — ukubuya kwesitimela esinombane, iinkqubo zokukhusela i-cathodic, kwaye ngakumbi uthumelo lwe-HVDC olusebenza kwimo yokubuyisela umhlaba — ndiphatha nayiphi na intsimbi engcwatyiweyo ekufutshane njengokwaziyo ukuyithatha loo mbane kwaye ndiyikhuphe. Ndibona isinyithi sinyibilika apho umbane ushiya khona umphezulu. Ndixhomekeke kuphando lokuphazamiseka kombane womhlaba we-HVDC olupapashwe ngeiThala leeNcwadi leSizwe lezonyango laseMelika (i-PMC)ngokwesikali: xa umgca we-DC usebenza ngokubuya komhlaba, i-electrode yokumisa umhlaba ifaka imisinga “enokufikelela kumawaka ee-amps,” iseka intsimi ye-DC engaguqukiyo emhlabeni ekhawulezisa ukugqwala kwe-electrochemical kwezakhiwo zesinyithi ezingcwatyelweyo kufutshane nayo, kunye nohlaselo olubi kakhulu kwiziphene zokugquma kunye neendawo zokuphuma zangoku.
Ndifumanisa ukuba uphawu lwalo alunakuphikiswa xa sele uyazi: ukulahleka kwesinyithi okukhawulezileyo, okukwindawo ethile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunokuba kunciphe, kudla ngokujongana nomthombo wangoku, kuqhubekeka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka embalwa.Ngenxa yokuba ukugqwala komsinga olahlekileyo kuqhutywa zii-ampere zangaphandle kunokuba kube yikhemikhali yomhlaba yasekuhlaleni, akukho bukhulu bokugquma emhlabeni obunokuphila ixesha elide ngaphezu kwako - ukhuselo lukwindawo, umgama wokwahlulwa, icebo lokubopha, kunye nokubeka esweni, kungekhona intonga enzima.Ndiyayeka ukuthetha ngeengubo zokwaleka ndize ndiqale ukucela uphando lokuphazamiseka kwangoko xa iprojekthi ikhankanya ukusondela kwisitimela seDC, ipali yomhlaba yesitishi sokuguqula i-HVDC, okanye intsimi yokukhusela i-cathodic esebenzayo.
Indlela 4 — I-MIC: Iintsholongwane Ezikhupha Intsimbi Engaphantsi
Indlela yesine yeyona abathengi abangayikholelwayo kakhulu kwaye abafanele bayoyike kakhulu kumhlaba ochanekileyo. Ukubola okuchaphazeleka ziintsholongwane kubangelwa ziibhayoloji - kwaye ezona zinto zimbi kakhulu, iibhaktheriya ezinciphisa i-sulfate (SRB), zikhula kakuhle apho kuhlala khona ii-electrodes ezisezantsi: umhlaba ongenamoya, ogcwele amanzi, othwala i-sulfate kwi-pH 6–8. Ndifumana amanani alinganisiweyo engacacanga. Kuphononongo oluphononongiweyo lontanga lwentsimbi yombhobho efihliweyo kwisisombululo somhlaba esine-asidi olupapashwe kwiIingubo zeMDPI (2021), I-SRB yonyuse izinga lokugqwala kwentsimbi ngokuphindwe kathandathu xa kuthelekiswa neemeko ezicocekileyo, ubunzulu bomngxuma obuphezulu bukhule ukusuka kwi-2.32 μm ukuya kwi-6.01 μm phezu kokuvezwa okufanayo, kwaye ababhali bakhankanya ityala elibhaliweyo apho umbhobho omtsha ungaphumelelanga kwi-MIC kwiinyanga ezi-8 kuphela. Uhlaselo luyancipha, alunciphi: ii-craters ezinzulu phantsi koqweqwe lwe-biofilm, yiyo loo nto iindawo ze-MIC zinokugqobhoza ngelixa isinyithi esikufutshane sibonakala singachukunyiswanga.
Ngenxa yokuba i-SRB ifuna iimeko ze-anaerobic kunye ne-sulfates, ndingayiqikelela ingozi ye-MIC ngqo kwisaveyi yendawo — udongwe olutyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo, imigxobhozo, amasimi erayisi, kunye nomhlaba ogcwele amanzi onevumba leqanda elibolileyo (H₂S) zezona ndawo ziphambili.Ndibona iindlela ezimbini zokuzikhusela ezibalulekileyo kwii-electrodes. Eyokuqala kukuba i-barrier integrity: iibhaktheriya zisebenzisa ii-coating holidays, ngoko ke ijakethi eqhubekayo, engenaziphene iphambili - iinkcukacha zemveliso yethu zifuna ukuba i-copper cladding iqhubeke ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwemifantu, imingxunya, okanye imingxunya ngenxa yesi sizathu. Sisebenzisa i-backfill chemistry yesibini: i-bentonite kunye ne-conductive backfills zitshintsha umswakama kunye ne-ionic okusingqongileyo okujikeleze intonga, kwaye apho zomisa khona i-annulus zilambisa i-biofilm ye-electrolyte yayo.
Iindlela Ezine Ezihamba Ngamacala
| Indlela yokusebenza | Isixhobo sokubangela ingxaki | Indawo yohlaselo | Isantya esiqhelekileyo | Utyikityo lwentsimi | Ukhuselo lweenkcukacha |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukugqwala komhlaba okufanayo | Ukufuma >17.5% + iikloridi, i-pH <7, ukumelana okuphantsi | Ubude obugcweleyo, obubi kakhulu kumgca womhlaba | Iminyaka ukuya kumashumi eminyaka | Icandelo lomhlaba elinciphileyo nelincinci, elinomgca wesinqe | Ijakethi eqhubekayo yesinyithi esihloniphekileyo; ubukhulu = umqobo, kungekhona uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali |
| Ukugqwala kweGalvanic | I-Copper edityaniswe ne-zinc/intsimbi + umhlaba omanzi + indlela yokubopha | Amalungu, izibambo, izibambo zokubopha | Iinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka kwiireyithingi zeendawo ezimbi | Uhlaselo lwasekuhlaleni ngaphakathi kwe-~100 mm ukusuka kuqhagamshelo | Iintsimbi ezihambelanayo (ii-clamps zobhedu), ii-isolate joints, ≥10:1 anode:cathode ratio |
| I-DC yangoku elahlekileyo | Ukubuya komhlaba kwe-HVDC, uloliwe we-DC, iinkqubo ze-CP ezikufutshane | Iindawo zokuphuma zangoku, iziphene zokugquma | Ukususela kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka embalwa | Ukulahleka okunzulu okucacileyo kwicala elijonge kumthombo | Uphononongo lokuphazamiseka, ukwahlukana, iibhondi zokukhupha amanzi — hayi uboya |
| I-MIC (i-SRB biofilm) | Umhlaba ogcwele amanzi angena-aerobic, pH 6–8, iisulfates | Imingxunya phantsi koqweqwe lwe-biofilm | Izinga lesiseko eliyi-6×; ukusilela kwiinyanga ezi-8 kubhaliwe | Iicrater ezikude kakhulu, ivumba le-H₂S, i-FeS slime emnyama | Ukuqhubekeka kwejakethi yeholide engenazo iiholide + ulawulo lwekhemistri oluzaliswayo |
Fumana amanqaku kumngcipheko wokugqwala kwesiza sakho
Phendula imibuzo emithandathu evela kwingxelo yakho ye-geotechnical kunye ne-walkdown yesiza. Le yindlela efanayo endicinga ngayo ngaphambi kokuba ndicebise iklasi yentonga - umgcini-manqaku udibanisa iimpendulo zakho nendlela elawulayo kunye nokhuselo oluyijongayo.
Umgcini-manqaku oMngcipheko wokuGqola kwindawo yokuHlaba
Indlela Esakha Ngayo Izintonga Zichasene Nazo Zone
Ukuyila ngokuchasene nababulali abane abahlukeneyo ngemveliso enye kuvakala ngathi kukuvumelana, kodwa ingqiqo idibana nolwakhiwo olunye: ijakethi etyebileyo, eqhubekayo, neyintsimbi entle ebotshelelwe kwisiseko sentsimbi.iintonga zomhlaba zeCopperweld ezilwa nokugqwalasiphethe umaleko wobhedu ofakwe ngombane obuyi-0.254 mm ubuncinane — 254 μm we-99.95%-purity copper engenazinki yokuyincama, kwaye xa imfuneko yethu yokuqhubeka kweholide ingekho, akukho siphene sokuba i-biofilm okanye isibini se-galvanic sisebenzise. Kwiintonga zethu, i-copper's nobility ithatha indawo yokubala phantsi kwe-zinc ngokuchasene nokugqwala komhlaba okufanayo; ngokuchasene nohlaselo lwe-galvanic, ukudibanisa iintonga zobhedu kunyeizibambo zokuqhobosha ngobheduigcina yonke ijoyinti kwicala elinye lothotho lwe-galvanic; ngokuchasene ne-MIC, ijakethi eqhubekayo eqinisekisiweyo isusa iintsholongwane zeholide ezihlala kuyo. Kuphela ngumsinga olahlekileyo ohlala ngaphandle kokufikelela kwezinto - kwaye ngenxa yoko, sixelela abathengi ngokunyaniseka ukuba baxhase uphando lokuphazamiseka.
Ndigxininisa kwicala loomatshini kuba ijakethi eqhekekayo kwi-drive yijakethi engasebenzi kakuhle emhlabeni. Sibamba amandla okutsalwa kwi-≥580 N/mm² ngaphesheya kwe-intonga yomhlaba egqunywe ngobheduuluhlu — ububanzi obuyi-14.2–25 mm, ubude obuyi-1.2–3.0 m — gcina ukuthe tye ngaphakathi kwe-1 mm ngemitha, kwaye udlule ukugoba kwe-90° kwirediyasi ye-100 mm ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kobhedu kwaye akukho monakalo kwibhondi yentsimbi nobhedu. Amasango amathandathu e-QC aqala ekuhlolweni kwentsimbi engenayo ukuya ekuhlolweni kokugqibela kwangaphambili kokuthunyelwa, kwiziqwenga ezingama-50,000 ngenyanga.udidi lwentonga yomhlaba kunye nentonga yomhlaba— i-copper bonded, i-purple copper, i-galvanized, kunye nee-electrodes ezikhethekileyo — zikhona ngoko ke iinkcukacha zinokulandela umhlaba, kungekhona ngenye indlela.
Ukugcinwa Komhlaba: Ukubamba Ukusilela Ngaphambi Kokucinywa
Ndinika negridi echazwe kakuhle isingqisho sokuqinisekisa, kuba ukugqwala kuyanyamezela kwaye amaphepha ayaxoka. Ingcebiso yam yokugcina izinto imfutshane kwaye ayithandeki: jonga uvavanyo lokumelana nomhlaba minyaka le, kuba igophe elinyukayo lithetha ukugqwala; gqogqa i-300 mm ephezulu yentonga enye kwicandelo legridi kumjikelo weminyaka emininzi, kuba umoya oguquguqukayo ugxila kuhlaselo kumgca womhlaba, apho kungekho mntu ujonge khona; jonga i-torque-check clamps ezifikelelekayo ngexesha lokucima kwesitishi, kuba uhlaselo lwe-galvanic luqala kwiindawo ezidibeneyo; kwaye emva kwayo nayiphi na indlela yokwakhiwa kwesitimela esikufutshane, ipayipi, okanye i-HVDC, phinda ubuze umbuzo we-stray-current, kuba umbulali okhawulezayo ngulowo uphando lwakho lokuqala lomhlaba olungazange luwubone.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Intonga yomhlaba kufuneka ihlale ixesha elingakanani emhlabeni?
Impendulo yam enyanisekileyo ithi “kuxhomekeke kwindlela umhlaba wakho osebenza ngayo.” Ndizibonile iintonga ezigayiweyo kumhlaba ongengonakalisiyo, ophuma amanzi, nongathathi cala zisebenza iminyaka eli-10-20; kumhlaba omanzi, one-asidi, ophethe ikloridi, intonga efanayo ingatyiwa kwangethuba, kuba i-zinc ikhusela ngokuchithwa. Iintonga ezibotshelelweyo zekopolo ezinejakethi eqhubekayo ye-0.254 mm zichazwe rhoqo kwiminyaka engama-30-50 yoyilo kuba ubhedu alubandakanyi endaweni yokuncama. Ukumelana kwendawo, i-pH, kunye nolawulo lokufuma kubaluleke kakhulu kunanoma yiyiphi inombolo yencwadana - zikhuphe kwingxelo ye-geotechnical ngaphambi kokuthelekisa amabango obomi benkonzo.
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqala zokubola kwentonga yomhlaba?
Ngaphezulu komgangatho, phantse akukho nanye - yiloo nto eyenza ukugqwala kube yingozi. Isibonakaliso sokuqala esithembekileyo yindlela ekhulayo yovavanyo lokumelana nomhlaba minyaka le. Xa ndikhupha ingcwaba, ndifunde indlela esebenza ngayo isinyithi: nokuba ukuncitshiswa ngecandelo lomhlaba elinomgca osinqeni kukugqwala komhlaba okufanayo; ukulahleka kwesinyithi okuxineneyo ngaphakathi kwe-100 mm ye-clamp kubangelwa yi-galvanic; ukulahleka okunzulu kwicala elinye kufutshane nomzila wesitimela okanye iziseko ze-HVDC ngumbane olahlekileyo; kwaye imingxunya enzulu ehlukeneyo phantsi kweslime emnyama, ebolileyo enevumba elibi yi-MIC. Hlola i-300 mm ephezulu yentonga enye ubuncinane kwicandelo ngalinye kumjikelo weminyaka emininzi - kulapho ubungqina bufihla khona.
Kutheni iintonga zobhedu ezibotshelelweyo zihlala ixesha elide kunezo zigqunyiweyo kumhlaba orhabaxa?
Sakha ezi ngubo zimbini zijikeleze iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ndichaza i-zinc njengento encamathelayo: iyabola ukukhusela intsimbi, ngoko ke ubomi benkonzo bubunzima bokugquma obahlulwe yisantya sokugqwala kwendawo - kumhlaba orhabaxa apho ukwahlukana kuya kuba kubi ngokukhawuleza. Sixhomekeke kubuhle bekopolo: ijakethi eqhubekekayo ene-electrolyte ye-0.254 mm nangaphezulu ikhupha nje i-electrolyte kwintsimbi, ngoko ke akukho kubalwa kwexesha elide ijakethi ihlala injalo. Kwivenkile yethu, ukuqhubeka kwejakethi - akukho mifantu, imingxunya, okanye imingxuma - kunye nokusebenza kokugoba kwi-radius ye-100 mm kubaluleke kakhulu njengobukhulu kwiphepha ledatha ngenxa yeso sizathu.
Ndingakwazi ukuqhagamshela igridi yomhlaba yobhedu kwizakhiwo zentsimbi ezigayiweyo?
Ungakwenza, kodwa wakha iseli ye-galvanic, ngoko ke yenza ngabom. Ndilumkisa abathengi ukuba umhlaba omanzi yi-electrolyte kwaye umqhubi wakho wokubopha yindlela yokubuyela; i-zinc coating iba yi-anode kwaye izincama ngokwayo. I-American Galvanizers Association icebisa umlinganiselo wendawo ye-anode-to-cathode we-10:1 ubuncinane, ihlukanise ngombane ijoyinti apho kunokwenzeka khona, kwaye ungaze uvumele inxalenye encinci ye-zinc ibophe kwindawo enkulu yobhedu. Naphi na apho uyilo luvumela khona, qhagamshela ubhedu kubhedu - ii-clamps ezinokwenzeka ezifanayo zisusa isibini ngokupheleleyo endaweni yokulawula iingozi zaso.
Ingaba ukumelana nomhlaba kuchaphazela ukubola kweentonga kunye nokumelana negridi?
Ewe, kwaye umlinganiselo ofanayo uyabazisa bobabini. Umhlaba ongakwazi ukumelana nemozulu udla ngokuba sezantsi kuba ugcina umswakama omninzi kunye neetyuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo - nto leyo eyenza ukuba ube yindawo engcono yokufunxa umhlaba kunye ne-electrolyte enamandla yokugqwala. Ndilandela umthetho osebenzayo we-AGA nangona idatha yawo yokugqwala komhlaba iphatha ukugqwala njengento yesibini emva kwee-chloride, ukufuma, kunye ne-pH: ngaphantsi kwe-50 Ω·m, cinga ukuba indawo leyo iyagqwala de ikhemistri ithethe ngenye indlela, kwaye uchaze ijakethi ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngaba kukho iindawo apho kungasayi kubakho ntonga yomhlaba egqunywe yi-ground rod coating?
Udidi olunye, ewe: iindawo ezinzima ezilahlekileyo. Andinampendulo yokugquma apho umsinga we-DC ovela kwi-HVDC earth-return operation, umbane wesitimela, okanye iinkqubo zokukhusela i-cathodic zidlula kwi-electrode yakho: ukulahleka kwesinyithi kuqhutywa zii-ampere zangaphandle kwaye kunokukrazula ii-coating ezingayi kuze zidlule iikhemistri zodwa - ii-ground poles ze-HVDC zifaka ii-currents ezinokufikelela kumawaka ee-ampere emhlabeni. Ukhuselo lubunjineli, hayi ukuthengwa: uphando lokuphazamiseka, umgama wokwahlulwa, ii-drainage bonds, kunye nezikhululo zovavanyo lokujonga. Ukuba umthengisi uthembisa i-coating engayihoyi i-current elahlekileyo, bacele ukuba bakunike idatha yokuphazamiseka - akukho nto.
Iinkqubo zokufaka umhlaba kufuneka zivavanywe kangaphi ukuze zibone ukuba azinawo umhlwa?
Vavanya ukumelana nomhlaba minyaka le uze uwutshintshe — igophe elihambayo lingumhlwa elizibonakalisa kwiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba lingasebenzi. Yongeza isigqi sokuhlola ngokwasemzimbeni: gqobhoza ii-300 mm eziphezulu zeentonga ezimeleyo rhoqo emva kweminyaka embalwa, ujonge i-torque-jonga ii-clamps ezifikelelekayo ngexesha lokucima, kwaye uphinde uhlole umsinga olahlekileyo nanini na xa kuvela umzila kaloliwe, umbhobho, okanye iziseko ze-HVDC kufutshane. Sicwangcisa iindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu — umhlaba ogcwele amanzi, ityuwa, okanye imimandla yemizi-mveliso — ekupheleni okufutshane kwesithuba ngasinye, kuba zonke iindlela ezine zisebenza ngokukhawuleza apho.
Ukucacisa iintonga kwindawo enokugqwala?
Ndithumelele uxhathiso lwakho lomhlaba, i-pH, indlela oziphatha ngayo ngomswakama, kunye nayo nayiphi na isiseko se-DC esikufutshane — ndiza kubuya kungekapheli usuku olunye lokusebenza ndinofundo lwe-dominant-mechanism kunye ne-rod-and-clamp specification ephendula loo nto, ixhaswa bubukhulu be-batch kunye neerekhodi ze-bend ezivela kumgca wethu wenyanga weenxalenye ezingama-50,000.Qala incoko kwiphepha lethu lonxibelelwano →
Ndinceda abathengi bamanye amazwe ukuba bafumane iimveliso zokukhusela umhlaba kunye nombane ezivela kumzi-mveliso wethu weminyaka eli-17 — uhlolo lomgangatho, uthutho, kunye namaxwebhu apheleleyo okuthumela ngaphandle kuquka. Iifoto zokusilela kwe-electrode exhumekileyo ezivela kwiindawo zabathengi zendlela iindlela ezine ezikweli nqaku ezifumene ngayo iodolo yazo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-10-2026