A ukwehluleka kwenduku yomhlabathicishe ayikaze iziveze. Induku iyaqhubeka imi, i-clamp iyaqhubeka ikhanya ngaphezu kwebanga, futhi ngivame ukubona ukugqwala kutholakala kuphela ngokuhlolwa kokumelana nomhlaba okuhlulekile - noma okubi nakakhulu, iphutha elingatholi indlela eya ekhaya. Ngibona amaphethini amane okuhlola ezithombeni zokumbiwa kwesidumbu abathengi abangithumelela zona: zincishisiwe yonke indawo yinhlabathi enamandla, zihlafunwe amalunga yizimbhangqwana zensimbi ezingafani, zihlutshulwe izinyanga nge-DC current elahlekile, noma zifakwe imigodi ejulile yibhaktheriya ehlisa i-sulfate. Indlela ngayinye ine-trigger ehlukile, isignesha ehlukile, futhi - ingxenye yokuthengwa engasebenza kuyo - ukuzivikela okuhlukile kwemininingwane. Ngihamba kuzo zonke ezine ngedatha yasensimini ngemuva kwazo, i-scorer yengozi yomhlaba ongayisebenzisa endaweni yakho, kanye nendlela esakha ngayo izinduku eziboshwe ngethusi esitshalweni sethu saseXinchang ukuze simelane nenye ngayinye.
TL;DR — Ababulali Abane, Babekwe Ezingeni Ngokuthi Ngibabona Kangaki
- Ukugqwala kwenhlabathi okufanayoyiyona ebulala ngokuzenzakalelayo izinduku ezigoqiwe engizibona zimbiwa: ucwaningo lwezindawo ezingu-23,000 lwamathangi angaphansi komhlaba luthole ukuthi umswakama womhlabathi ungaphezu kuka-17.5% yikona okwenza ama-chloride abe namandla, yingakho induku efanayo ihlala amashumi eminyaka enhlabathini eyomile enesihlabathi futhi ingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi ebumbeni elimanzi.
- Ukugqwala kwe-galvanicihlasela amalunga ensimbi exubile: igridi yomhlabathi yethusi ehlanganiswe nensimbi ehlanganisiwe yenza i-zinc ibe yi-anode yomhlatshelo, kanti i-American Galvanizers Association itusa isilinganiso sendawo ye-anode-to-cathode okungenani esingu-10:1 ukuze kuncishiswe umhlatshelo.
- I-DC yamanje elahlekileiyona ebulala ngokushesha: Ukusebenza kokubuyisela umhlaba nge-HVDC kufaka izinkulungwane zama-ampere enhlabathini, kanti ama-electrode eduze kwesitimela, izigxobo zomhlaba ze-HVDC, noma izinhlelo zokuvikela i-cathodic zingalahlekelwa yinsimbi ezinyangeni hhayi amashumi eminyaka.
- Ngibiza ukugqwala okuthonywe yi-microbiologically (MIC)umbulali oyimfihlo: amabhaktheriya anciphisa i-sulfate enhlabathini engena-anaerobic, i-pH engu-6-8 akhuphule amazinga okugqwala kwensimbi ngokuphindwe kasithupha ekuhlolweni okulawulwayo, kanti ipayipi elisha elilodwa elibhalwe phansi lehlulekile ukuya ku-MIC ezinyangeni ezingu-8 kuphela.
- Ukuzivikela kuqala ngejazi eliqhubekayo lensimbi enhle: izinduku zethu eziboshwe ngethusi ziphethe ungqimba lwethusi olufakwe ngogesi okungenani olungama-0.254 mm ngobumsulwa obungama-99.95% — akukho zinc okufanele ihlatshwe, akukho khefu lokumboza amagciwane, okuqinisekiswa ukugoba okungu-90° ku-radius engu-100 mm kuqoqo ngalinye.
Indlela 1 — Ukugqwala Kwenhlabathi Okufanayo: Uthuli Oluncane
Ngikhumbuza abathengi ukuthi wonke ama-electrode angcwatshwe ahlala ngaphakathi kweseli le-electrochemical, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi aklanywe noma cha. Ngichaza umswakama womhlabathi njenge-electrolyte, usawoti njengobeka ugesi wawo, kanye nenduku njenge-ion yensimbi elahlekelwa yi-ion, unyaka nonyaka. I-American Galvanizers Association'sidatha yokugqwala kwenhlabathi, eyakhelwe ocwaningweni lukaDkt. Warren Rogers lwezindawo zokugcina amathangi angaphansi komhlaba ezingaphezu kuka-23,000, ibala ukuthi yini eyenza iseli libe nobudlova: ama-chloride, okuqukethwe komswakama, kanye ne-pH kubusa, kanti ukumelana kudlala indima yesibili. Ukutholwa kukaRogers okusebenziseka kakhulu umkhawulo — ngaphansi kuka-17.5% womswakama wenhlabathi, ukugcwala kwe-chloride akushukumisi neze izinga lokugqwala; ngaphezu kwawo, ama-chloride ahlasela kanzima. Ngiphatha inhlabathi engaphansi kwe-pH 7 njengento ekhulisa umonakalo.Ngenxa yokuthi umswakama, hhayi ikhalenda, usetha iwashi lokugqwala, uhla lwedatha yenduku ehlanganisiwe "yeminyaka eyi-10-20" lufihla ukusabalala okunonya: induku efanayo iyimpahla yeminyaka engama-25 esihlabathini esikhishwe amanzi kanye nomthwalo weminyaka engu-7 ebumbeni elimanzi, elinosawoti.
Ngifunda isignesha ye-forensic njengokunciphisa ngisho nobude obufihliwe, okubi kakhulu emgqeni wenhlabathi. Nginika umusho wayo ongu-300 mm ophezulu ngoba uhlala ngaphesheya kwe-gradient ye-oxygen phakathi kwenhlabathi ephezulu enomoya kanye nokujula okungenawo umoya-mpilo, ngakho-ke ukugxila komoya-mpilo okuhlukile kuhlasela ngqo lapho induku ingena khona emhlabeni - indawo okungekho muntu oyimbayo. Ngezimbozo ezizidelayo izibalo ziqondile futhi azithetheleli: i-zinc ivikela ngokudliwa, ngakho-ke impilo iyimbozo ehlukaniswe yizinga lokugqwala kwendawo.Ngenxa yokuthi ijazi lensimbi enhle livikela ngokususa esikhundleni sokuzidela, ungqimba lwethusi oluqhubekayo aluthwali lokhu kubalwa phansi nhlobo - yingakho izinsiza ezinenhlabathi ebolile zayeka ukuthenga i-galvanized emashumini eminyaka edlule.
Indlela 2 — Ukugqwala kwe-Galvanic: Amalunga Adlula Igridi
Nansi indlela yokwehluleka engiyibona ezithombeni zokumbiwa kwesidumbu okungenani njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa: induku yomgqomo iphilile, kodwa insimbi engaphakathi kwe-100 mm yokuxhuma ihlatshwa ibe yisithunzi esinqeni. Ngibiza lokho ngokuthi ukugqwala kwe-galvanic, futhi i-physics yayo ilula kakhulu. Ngokwe-Isiqondiso se-American Galvanizers-metals esingafani, iseli le-galvanic lidinga izingxenye ezine - i-anode, i-cathode, i-electrolyte, kanye nendlela yamanje yokubuya - futhi inhlabathi emanzi inikeza eyesithathu kuyilapho ucingo lwakho lokubopha lunikeza eyesine. Hlanganisa uhlelo lokusekela olusekelwe ethusi nemibhoshongo yensimbi ehlanganisiwe, uthango, noma insimbi yokuqinisa, bese i-zinc iba yi-anode: idla ngokuthanda ukuvikela ithusi. Umthetho wethu wesithupha, othathwe ku-AGA, isilinganiso sendawo yobuso be-anode-to-cathode okungenani esingu-10:1; yiguqule - i-clamp encane ene-zinc noma i-bolt ebopha igridi enkulu yethusi ndawonye - futhi ingxenye encane ingadliwa engxenyeni encane yokuphila komklamo wegridi. Lokhu kuhlangana okufanayo kuxwayisa ngokuthi ngisho namanzi agelezayo avela ezindaweni zethusi aphethe ithusi elincibilikisiwe elanele ukuhlasela i-zinc ezansi komfula.
Ngenxa yokuthi umbhangqwana we-galvanic ugxila wonke umonakalo wawo kwihadiwe yokuxhuma, igridi ingahlolwa iminyaka eminingi kuyilapho ama-clamp ayo esondela ekuhlulekeni ngokuthula - futhi lapho i-clamp idedela, induku esebenzile iba ukuhlobisa.Ngibheka ihadiwe yokuxhuma njengento ecacisiwe, hhayi into ecatshangelwe kamuva, futhi yingakho sisebenza ngomshini wethu.izibambo zokumboza umhlaba ezilwa nokugqwalakusuka ethusi elihlanzekile noma elifakwe emathinini: ukufanisa amandla kagesi kamqhubi kususa umbhangqwana esikhundleni sokuwulawula.
Indlela 3 — Ugesi Olahlekile: I-Electrode Edliwa Ugesi
Ngiyayihlonipha kakhulu indlela yesithathu: ingabulala i-electrode esindayo ngomjikelezo owodwa wesabelomali, futhi ayihlobene nakancane ne-chemistry yenhlabathi. Nomaphi lapho ugesi we-DC uhamba khona emhlabeni — ukubuya kwesitimela sikagesi, izinhlelo zokuvikela i-cathodic, futhi ikakhulukazi ukudluliselwa kwe-HVDC okusebenza ngemodi yokubuyisa umhlaba — ngiphatha noma iyiphi insimbi efihliwe eduze njengokwazi ukuyithatha leyo mithombo bese ngiyikhipha. Ngibona insimbi incibilika lapho ugesi ushiya khona. Ngincike ocwaningweni lokuphazamiseka kogesi we-HVDC oshicilelwe ngei-US National Library of Medicine (PMC)ngokwesilinganiso: lapho umugqa we-DC usebenza ngokubuya komhlaba, i-electrode yokumisa ifaka imisinga “engafinyelela izinkulungwane zama-amps,” isungula insimu ye-DC engaguquki enhlabathini esheshisa ukugqwala kwe-electrochemical kwezakhiwo zensimbi ezingcwatshwe eduze kwayo, kanye nokuhlasela okubi kakhulu kumaphutha okumboza kanye namaphuzu okuphuma kwamanje.
Ngithola ukuthi uphawu lwensimu alunaphutha uma usukwazi: ukulahleka kwensimbi okusheshayo, okusendaweni ethile ezindaweni ezihlukile kunokuba kunciphe, okuvame ukubhekana nomthombo wamanje, okuqhubeka ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni embalwa.Ngenxa yokuthi ukugqwala komsinga olahlekile kuqhutshwa ama-ampere angaphandle kunekhemikhali yomhlabathi yendawo, akukho ukujiya koqweqwe emhlabeni okungahlala isikhathi eside kunalo - ukuzivikela kuyindawo, ibanga lokuhlukana, isu lokubopha, kanye nokuqapha, hhayi induku enzima.Ngiyayeka ukukhuluma ngezingubo zokugqoka bese ngiqala ukucela ucwaningo lokuphazamiseka lapho iphrojekthi ikhuluma ngokuba seduze nesitimela se-DC, i-ground pole yesiteshi sokuguqula i-HVDC, noma insimu yokuvikela i-cathodic esebenzayo.
Indlela 4 — I-MIC: Amabhaktheriya Akhipha Insimbi Ngaphansi
Indlela yesine yiyona abathengi abangakholelwa kakhulu kuyo futhi okufanele bayesabe kakhulu enhlabathini efanele. Ukugqwala okuthonywe yi-microbiological kuqhutshwa yi-biofilms - kanti izinto ezimbi kakhulu, amabhaktheriya anciphisa i-sulfate (SRB), achuma kahle lapho kuhlala khona ama-electrode aphansi: inhlabathi engena-aerobic, egcwele amanzi, ephethe i-sulfate ku-pH 6-8. Ngithola izinombolo ezilinganisiwe zingabonakali kahle. Esifundweni esibukezwe ontanga sensimbi yamapayipi egqitshwe esixazululweni senhlabathi esinomuncu esanyatheliswa kuIzembozo ze-MDPI (2021), i-SRB inyuse izinga lokugqwala kwensimbi ngokuphindwe kasithupha uma kuqhathaniswa nezimo ezihlanzekile, ukujula komgodi okuphezulu kukhule kusuka ku-2.32 μm kuya ku-6.01 μm phezu kokuvezwa okufanayo, futhi abalobi bacaphuna icala elibhalwe phansi lapho ipayipi elisha sha lehluleka khona ukungena ku-MIC ezinyangeni ezingu-8 kuphela. Ukuhlasela kuyabhidlika, akunciphisi: ama-cracker ajulile ngaphansi koqweqwe lwe-biofilm, yingakho izindawo ze-MIC zingabhoboza kuyilapho insimbi engomakhelwane ibukeka ingathintekile.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-SRB idinga izimo ze-anaerobic kanye nama-sulfate, ngingabikezela ingozi ye-MIC ngqo kusuka ocwaningweni lwendawo — ubumba olucebile ngezinto eziphilayo, amaxhaphozi, amasimu e-raddy, nomhlabathi ogcwele amanzi onephunga lamaqanda abolile (H₂S) yizindawo ezivame ukubangela izinambuzane.Ngibona izindlela ezimbili zokuzivikela ezibalulekile kuma-electrode. Eyokuqala ubuqotho bomgoqo: amabhaktheriya asebenzisa amaholide okumboza, ngakho-ke ijakethi eqhubekayo, engenasici iyona engaphambili - imininingwane yomkhiqizo wethu idinga ukuthi i-copper cladding iqhubeke ngokugcwele ngaphandle kwemifantu, imigodi, noma imigodi yingakho nje. Sisebenzisa i-backfill chemistry okwesibili: i-bentonite kanye ne-conductive backfills zishintsha umswakama kanye nendawo ye-ionic ezungeze induku, futhi lapho zomisa khona i-annulus zilambisa i-biofilm ye-electrolyte yayo.
Izindlela Ezine Ezihambisanayo
| Indlela yokusebenza | Isiqalisi | Indawo yokuhlasela | Isivinini esijwayelekile | Isiginesha sensimu | Ukuzivikela kwemininingwane |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukugqwala kwenhlabathi okufanayo | Umswakama >17.5% + ama-chloride, i-pH <7, ukumelana okuphansi | Ubude obugcwele, bubi kakhulu emugqeni wenhlabathi | Iminyaka kuya emashumini eminyaka | Ingxenye encane ngisho neyomphetho wenhlabathi okhalweni | Ijazi eliqhubekayo lensimbi enhle; ubukhulu = isithiyo, hhayi isabelomali |
| Ukugqwala kwe-galvanic | Ithusi elihlanganiswe ne-zinc/insimbi + inhlabathi emanzi + indlela yokubopha | Amalunga, izibambo, izibambo zokubopha | Izinyanga kuya eminyakeni ngezilinganiso zendawo ezimbi | Ukuhlasela kwendawo ngaphakathi ~100 mm kokuxhumeka | Izinsimbi ezihambisanayo (izibambo zethusi), amalunga ahlukene, isilinganiso se-anode:cathode esingu-≥10:1 |
| I-DC yamanje elahlekile | Ukubuyiselwa komhlaba kwe-HVDC, isitimela se-DC, izinhlelo ze-CP eziseduze | Amaphuzu okuphuma amanje, amaphutha okumboza | Izinyanga kuya eminyakeni embalwa | Ukulahlekelwa okujulile okubonakalayo ohlangothini olubheke umthombo | Ucwaningo lokuphazamiseka, ukuhlukaniswa, izibopho zokukhipha amanzi — hhayi ukumbozwa |
| I-MIC (i-SRB biofilm) | Inhlabathi enamanzi angena-aerobic, i-pH 6–8, ama-sulfate | Imigodi ngaphansi koqweqwe lwe-biofilm | Izinga lokuqala elingu-6 ×; ukwehluleka ezinyangeni ezingu-8 kubhaliwe | Ama-crater ahlukene kakhulu, iphunga le-H₂S, i-slime emnyama ye-FeS | Ukuqhubeka kwejakethi yeholide elingenalutho + ukulawulwa kwekhemistri yokugcwalisa emuva |
Thola Ingozi Yokugqwala Kwesayithi Lakho
Phendula imibuzo eyisithupha evela embikweni wakho we-geotechnical kanye ne-walkdown yesayithi. Lena yindlela efanayo engicabanga ngayo ngaphambi kokuncoma ikilasi lenduku - umshayi wegoli uhlela izimpendulo zakho ngendlela ebusayo kanye nokuzivikela okuyibhekana nayo ngempela.
Isikali Sengozi Yokugqwala Kwendawo Yomhlaba
Indlela Esakha Ngayo Izinduku Ngokumelene Nazo Zonke Ezine
Ukuklama ngokumelene nababulali abane abahlukene ngomkhiqizo owodwa kuzwakala njengokuvumelana, kodwa umqondo uhlangana nokwakhiwa okukodwa: ijazi elikhulu, eliqhubekayo, lensimbi enhle eliboshwe enkabeni yensimbi.Izinduku zomhlabathi ze-Copperweld ezilwa nokugqwalauphathe ungqimba lwethusi olufakwe ngogesi oluyi-0.254 mm — 254 μm wethusi omsulwa ongu-99.95% ongenazo izinki ongawudela futhi, uma isidingo sethu sokuqhubeka kweholide singabi nalutho, akukho sici se-biofilm noma umbhangqwana we-galvanic ongasisebenzisa. Ezindongeni zethu, isithunzi sethusi sithatha indawo yokubala phansi kwe-zinc ngokumelene nokugqwala kwenhlabathi okufanayo; ngokumelene nokuhlaselwa kwe-galvanic, ukuhlanganisa izinduku zethusiizibambo zokubopha zethusiigcina yonke ijoyinti ohlangothini olulodwa lochungechunge lwe-galvanic; ngokumelene ne-MIC, ijazi eliqhubekayo eliqinisekisiwe lisusa amabhaktheriya eholide. Ugesi olahlekile kuphela ohlala ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwezinto - futhi ngalokho, sitshela abathengi ngokwethembeka ukuthi baxhase ucwaningo lokuphazamiseka.
Ngiphikelela ohlangothini lwemishini ngoba ijakethi eqhekeka kudrayivu ijakethi ehlulekayo enhlabathini. Sibamba amandla okudonseka ku-≥580 N/mm² ngaphesheya kwe-induku yomhlabathi embozwe ngethusiububanzi — ububanzi obungu-14.2–25 mm, ubude obungu-1.2–3.0 m — gcina ukunemba ngaphakathi kwe-1 mm ngemitha, futhi udlule ukugoba okungu-90° ku-radius engu-100 mm ngaphandle kokuphuka kwethusi futhi akukho monakalo ebhondini lensimbi nethusi. Amasango ayisithupha e-QC aqala ekuhlolweni kwensimbi engenayo kuya ekuhlolweni kokugcina kwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa, ngezingcezu ezingu-50,000 ngenyanga.isigaba senduku yomhlabathi kanye nenduku yomhlabathi— ama-electrode ahlanganisiwe ethusi, ithusi elimsulwa, i-galvanized, kanye ne-electrode ekhethekile — akhona ukuze imininingwane ingalandela inhlabathi, hhayi okuphambene nalokho.
Ukulungiswa Komhlaba: Ukuthola Ukwehluleka Ngaphambi Kokuphela Komhlaba
Nginika ngisho negridi ecacisiwe kahle isigqi sokuqinisekisa, ngoba ukugqwala kuyabekezela futhi amaphepha aqamba amanga. Iseluleko sami sokulungisa kubathengi sifushane futhi asithandeki: thambekela ekuhlolweni kokumelana nomhlaba minyaka yonke, ngoba ijika elikhuphukayo liwukugqwala okukhulumayo; vumbulula i-300 mm ephezulu yenduku eyodwa ngengxenye yegridi kumjikelezo weminyaka eminingi, ngoba umoya ohlukile ugxila ekuhlaselweni komugqa wenhlabathi, lapho kungekho muntu obheka khona; hlola i-torque-check clamps ezifinyelelekayo ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwesiteshi esincane, ngoba ukuhlaselwa kwe-galvanic kuqala emajoyintini; futhi ngemva kwanoma yikuphi ukwakhiwa kwesitimela esiseduze, ipayipi, noma i-HVDC, phinda usebenzise umbuzo we-stray-current, ngoba umbulali osheshayo yilowo ucwaningo lwakho lokuqala lwenhlabathi olungakaze lubonwe.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Induku yomhlabathi kufanele ihlale isikhathi esingakanani enhlabathini?
Impendulo yami eqotho ithi “kuncike ekutheni inhlabathi yakho isebenza kanjani.” Ngibone izinduku ezihlanganisiwe enhlabathini engenangozi, ekhishwa amanzi, engathathi hlangothi zikhonza iminyaka eyi-10-20; enhlabathini emanzi, ene-asidi, ene-chloride induku efanayo ingadliwa kusenesikhathi, ngoba i-zinc ivikela ngokusetshenziswa. Izinduku eziboshwe ngethusi ezinejakethi eliqhubekayo elingu-0.254 mm zichazwa njalo iminyaka engama-30-50 yokuphila komklamo ngoba ithusi alihlanganisi kunokuba lihlatshwe. Ukumelana kwendawo, i-pH, kanye nombuso womswakama kubaluleke kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi inombolo yencwajana - zikhiphe embikweni we-geotechnical ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa izimangalo ze-service-life.
Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala zokugqwala kwenduku yomhlabathi?
Ngaphezulu kwebanga, cishe akukho lutho - yilokho okwenza ukugqwala kube yingozi. Isibonakaliso sokuqala esithembekile ukuthambekela okukhulayo ekuhlolweni kwaminyaka yonke kokumelana nomhlaba. Lapho ngimba isidumbu, ngifunde indlela ngqo kusuka ensimbini: ngisho nokunciphisa ngesigaba somugqa wenhlabathi esinqeni kuwukugqwala kwenhlabathi okufanayo; ukulahleka kwensimbi okugxile ngaphakathi kwamamilimitha ayi-100 kwe-clamp ku-galvanic; ukulahleka okujulile ohlangothini olulodwa eduze kwesitimela noma ingqalasizinda ye-HVDC kungumthombo wamanzi olahlekile; kanye nemigodi ejulile ehlukanisiwe ngaphansi kwe-slime emnyama, ebolile enephunga elibi yi-MIC. Hlola amamilimitha angu-300 aphezulu okungenani induku eyodwa ngesigaba ngasinye emjikelezweni weminyaka eminingi - yilapho ubufakazi bucasha khona.
Kungani izinduku zethusi eziboshiwe zihlala isikhathi eside kuneziboshwe ngensimbi enhlabathini enamandla?
Sakha izembozo ezimbili ezizungeze amasu ahlukene. Ngichaza i-zinc njengomhlatshelo: iyagqwala ukuvikela insimbi, ngakho-ke impilo yenkonzo iyisisindo sesembozo esihlukaniswe yizinga lokugqwala kwendawo - enhlabathini enamandla leyo hlukana iba yimbi ngokushesha. Sithembele kubukhosi bethusi: ijakethi eqhutshwa ngogesi eqhubekayo engu-0.254 mm noma ngaphezulu imane ikhiphe i-electrolyte ensimbini, ngakho-ke akukho ukubala phansi inqobo nje uma ijakethi ihlala ingashintshi. Esitolo sethu, ukuqhubeka kwejakethi - akukho mifantu, imigodi, noma imigodi - kanye nokusebenza kokugoba ku-radius engu-100 mm kubaluleke kakhulu njengobukhulu kushidi ledatha ngenxa yaleso sizathu.
Ngingakwazi yini ukuxhuma igridi yomhlabathi yethusi nezakhiwo zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe?
Ungakwazi, kodwa wakha iseli le-galvanic, ngakho-ke yenza ngamabomu. Ngixwayisa abathengi ukuthi inhlabathi emanzi iyi-electrolyte futhi umqhubi wakho wokubopha uyindlela yokubuyela emuva; i-zinc coating iba yi-anode futhi izidela yona. I-American Galvanizers Association itusa isilinganiso sendawo ye-anode-to-cathode okungenani esingu-10:1, ihlukanise ngogesi ijoyinti lapho kungenzeka khona, futhi ingavumeli ingxenye encane ye-zinc ibophe endaweni enkulu yethusi. Nomaphi lapho umklamo uvumela khona, xhuma ithusi nethusi - ama-clamps anamandla afanayo asusa umbhangqwana ngokuphelele esikhundleni sokuphatha ukulimala kwawo.
Ingabe ukumelana nenhlabathi kuthinta ukugqwala kwezinduku kanye nokumelana negridi?
Yebo, futhi isilinganiso esifanayo siyakwazisa kokubili. Inhlabathi ekwazi ukumelana kancane ivame ukuba phansi ngoba igcina umswakama omningi kanye nosawoti oncibilikisiwe - okwenza kube yindawo engcono yokumba umhlaba kanye ne-electrolyte yokugqwala enamandla kakhulu. Ngilandela umthetho osebenzayo we-AGA yize idatha yayo yokugqwala komhlabathi iphatha ukumelana njengento yesibili ngemuva kwama-chloride, umswakama, kanye ne-pH: ngaphansi kwama-Ω·m angaba ngu-50, ngicabanga ukuthi indawo iyagqwala kuze kube yilapho ikhemistri isho okuhlukile, bese ngichaza ijakhethi ngokufanele.
Ingabe zikhona izindawo lapho kungekho khona ungqimba lwenduku yomhlabathi oluzosinda?
Isigaba esisodwa, yebo: izindawo eziyingozi kakhulu zamandla kagesi. Anginaso impendulo yokumboza lapho amandla kagesi e-DC avela ekusebenzeni kokubuyiselwa komhlaba kwe-HVDC, isitimela sikagesi, noma izinhlelo zokuvikela i-cathodic zigeleza khona nge-electrode yakho: ukulahleka kwensimbi kuqhutshwa ama-ampere angaphandle futhi kungasusa ukumboza okungaze kunqotshwe yikhemistri yodwa - izinsika zomhlaba ze-HVDC zifaka amandla kagesi angafinyelela izinkulungwane zama-ampere enhlabathini. Ukuzivikela kuwubunjiniyela, hhayi ukuthengwa: ucwaningo lokuphazamiseka, amabanga okuhlukaniswa, izibopho zokudonsa amanzi, kanye neziteshi zokuhlola zokuqapha. Uma umhlinzeki ethembisa ukumboza okushaya indiva amandla kagesi alahlekile, mcele ukuthi akunike idatha yokuphazamiseka - ayikho.
Izinhlelo zokufaka umhlabathi kufanele zihlolwe kangaki ukuze zibone ukuthi ziyagqwala?
Hlola ukumelana nomhlaba minyaka yonke bese uwushintshashintsha - ijika elikhukhulekayo liwukugqwala okuziveza eminyakeni eminingi ngaphambi kokwehluleka. Engeza isigqi sokuhlola ngokomzimba: vumbulula izinduku eziphezulu ezingama-300 mm njalo eminyakeni embalwa, hlola i-torque-hlola ama-clamp afinyelelekayo ngesikhathi sokungasebenzi, bese uhlola kabusha ugesi olahlekile noma nini lapho kuvela ingqalasizinda yesitimela, ipayipi, noma i-HVDC eduze. Sihlela izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu - inhlabathi enamanzi, enosawoti, noma yezimboni - ekugcineni okufushane kwesikhawu ngasinye, ngoba zonke izindlela ezine zisebenza ngokushesha lapho.
Ukucacisa izinduku zendawo ebolile?
Ngithumelele ukumelana kwakho nenhlabathi, i-pH, ukuziphatha komswakama, kanye nanoma iyiphi ingqalasizinda ye-DC eseduze — Ngizobuya zingakapheli izinsuku zokusebenza nginokufundwa kwe-dominant-mechanism kanye nencazelo ye-rod-and-clamp ephendula lokho, isekelwa ukujiya kwezinga le-batch kanye namarekhodi okugoba avela kulayini wethu wanyanga zonke wezingcezu ezingu-50,000.Qala ingxoxo ekhasini lethu lokuxhumana →
Ngisiza abathengi baphesheya ukuthola imikhiqizo yokuvikela umhlaba kanye nokuvikela umbani efektri yethu yeminyaka eyi-17 — ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, ukuthunyelwa kwezinto, kanye nemibhalo ephelele yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kufakiwe. Izithombe zokwehluleka kwe-electrode exhunywe exhumanisiwe ezivela kumasayithi amakhasimende yindlela izindlela ezine kulesi sihloko ezithole ngayo i-oda lazo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-10-2026