A kulephera kwa ndodo ya pansipafupifupi sizimadziwonetsa zokha. Ndodo imayima, chomangira chimapitirizabe kuwala pamwamba pa kalasi, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndimawona dzimbiri litapezeka pokhapokha ngati mayeso olephera kukana nthaka - kapena choipa kwambiri, cholakwika chomwe sichipeza njira yobwerera. Ndimaona njira zinayi zenizeni za kafukufuku m'zithunzi zomwe ogula amanditumizira: zochepetsedwa thupi lonse ndi dothi lolimba, zolumidwa ndi zingwe ndi zingwe zachitsulo zosiyana, zochotsedwa miyezi ingapo ndi DC current yotayika, kapena zophikidwa ndi mabowo akuya ndi mabakiteriya ochepetsa sulfate. Njira iliyonse ili ndi choyambitsa chosiyana, chizindikiro chosiyana, ndipo - gawo lomwe lingagulitsidwe lingagwire ntchito - chitetezo chosiyana. Ndimadutsa zonse zinayi ndi deta yamunda kumbuyo kwawo, chowerengera chiopsezo cha nthaka chomwe mungayendetse pamalo anu, komanso momwe timapangira ndodo zolumikizidwa ndi mkuwa pafakitale yathu ya Xinchang kuti tipewe chilichonse.
TL;DR — Opha Anayi, Oyikidwa M'gulu Lotsatira Nthawi Zambiri Zimene Ndimawaona
- Kutupa kwa nthaka kofananandiye chimapha ndodo zomatira zomwe ndimaziona zikufufuzidwa: kafukufuku wa malo 23,000 wa matanki apansi panthaka adapeza kuti chinyezi cha nthaka chili pamwamba pa 17.5% ndicho chimachititsa kuti ma chloride akhale amphamvu, ndichifukwa chake ndodo yomweyo imakhala zaka makumi ambiri mu nthaka youma yamchenga ndi zaka zosakwana khumi mu dothi lonyowa.
- Kutupa kwa Galvanicimaukira malo olumikizirana achitsulo chosakanikirana: gridi ya mkuwa yolumikizidwa ku chitsulo cholimba imapangitsa zinc kukhala anode yopereka nsembe, ndipo bungwe la American Galvanizers Association limalimbikitsa chiŵerengero cha dera la anode-to-cathode cha osachepera 10:1 kuti achepetse kudzipereka.
- DC yosochera yapanondiye chinthu chopha mofulumira kwambiri: Ntchito yobwezeretsa nthaka ya HVDC imalowetsa ma ampere ambirimbiri m'nthaka, ndipo ma electrode pafupi ndi njanji, mitengo ya HVDC, kapena makina oteteza cathodic amatha kutaya chitsulo m'miyezi ingapo osati zaka makumi ambiri.
- Ndimatcha kuti corrosion yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi microbiologically (MIC)wakupha mobisa: mabakiteriya ochepetsa sulfate m'nthaka yopanda mpweya, pH 6-8 adakweza kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kwachitsulo kasanu ndi kamodzi m'mayeso olamulidwa, ndipo payipi imodzi yatsopano yolembedwa idalephera ku MIC m'miyezi 8 yokha.
- Chitetezo chimayamba ndi jekete lolimba lachitsulo losalekeza: ndodo zathu zolumikizidwa ndi mkuwa zimakhala ndi wosanjikiza wamkuwa wa electroplated wa osachepera 0.254 mm pa kuyera kwa 99.95% — palibe zinc yoti iperekedwe, palibe nthawi yophimba mabakiteriya kuti agwiritse ntchito, yotsimikiziridwa ndi kupindika kwa 90° pa radius ya 100 mm pa gulu lililonse.
Njira 1 — Kuzimiririka kwa Dothi: Chochepa Chete
Ndimakumbutsa ogula kuti electrode iliyonse yobisika imakhala mkati mwa selo yamagetsi, kaya yopangidwa kapena ayi. Ndimalongosola chinyezi cha nthaka ngati electrolyte, mchere ngati umakhazikitsa mphamvu yake, ndipo ndodo ngati ion yachitsulo yomwe imataya ndi ion, chaka ndi chaka. Bungwe la American Galvanizers Association'sdeta yokhudzana ndi dzimbiri la nthaka, yochokera pa kafukufuku wa Dr. Warren Rogers wa malo osungiramo matanki opitilira 23,000 pansi pa nthaka, imawerengera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti selo likhale lamphamvu: ma chloride, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, ndi pH zimalamulira, ndipo resistivity imagwira ntchito yachiwiri. Rogers adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka ndi komwe kumachepa - pansi pa 17.5%, kuchuluka kwa chloride m'nthaka sikumasuntha kwambiri kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri; pamwamba pake, ma chloride amaukira mwamphamvu. Ndimaona kuti nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa pH 7 imawonjezera kuwonongeka.Popeza chinyezi, osati kalendala, chimakhazikitsa wotchi yowononga, mndandanda wa datasheet wa ndodo yolumikizidwa ndi galvanized umabisa kufalikira koopsa: ndodo yomweyo ndi chuma cha zaka 25 mumchenga wotuluka madzi ndipo ndi vuto la zaka 7 mu dongo lonyowa komanso lamchere.
Ndimawerenga chizindikiro cha forensic ngati chocheperako pang'ono kutalika komwe kwabisika, koyipa kwambiri pamzere wa nthaka. Ndimapereka chiganizo chake cha 300 mm chifukwa chimakhala pakati pa mpweya wa okosijeni pakati pa nthaka yonyowa ndi kuya komwe kulibe mpweya wa okosijeni, kotero kuti mpweya wosiyanasiyana umalowa kumene ndodo imalowa m'nthaka - malo omwe palibe amene amakumba. Pazophimba zodzipereka, masamu ndi olunjika komanso osakhululuka: zinc imateteza podyedwa, kotero moyo ndi wokutira womwe umagawidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri komweko.Chifukwa chakuti jekete lachitsulo lokongola limateteza mwa kuletsa m'malo mopereka nsembe, wosanjikiza wa mkuwa wopitirira sukhala ndi kuwerengera nthawi kotereku - ndichifukwa chake zinthu zamagetsi zokhala ndi dothi lowononga zinasiya kugula magalasi zaka zambiri zapitazo.
Njira 2 — Kutupa kwa Galvanic: Ma Joints Akuwononga Grid
Nayi njira yolephera yomwe ndimaiwona pazithunzi zofukula manda osachepera miyezi ingapo iliyonse: mbiya ya ndodo ndi yolimba, koma chitsulo chomwe chili mkati mwa 100 mm kuchokera pa cholumikizira chimaluma mthunzi wozungulira m'chiuno. Ine ndimatcha kuti galvanic corrosion, ndipo fizikisi yake ndi yosavuta kwambiri. Malinga ndiMalangizo a American Galvanizers Association pa zitsulo zosiyana, selo la galvanic limafuna zigawo zinayi - anode, cathode, electrolyte, ndi njira yobwerera - ndipo nthaka yonyowa imapereka gawo lachitatu pomwe waya wanu wolumikizira umapereka gawo lachinayi. Phatikizani dongosolo loyambira lochokera ku mkuwa ndi nsanja zachitsulo zomangiriridwa, mipanda, kapena chitsulo cholimbitsa, ndipo zinc imakhala anode: imakonda kuwononga kuti iteteze mkuwa. Lamulo lathu la chala chachikulu, lochokera ku AGA, ndi chiŵerengero cha malo ozungulira anode-to-cathode cha osachepera 10:1; isintheni - chomangira chaching'ono chophimbidwa ndi zinc kapena bolt chomwe chimamangirira gridi yayikulu ya mkuwa pamodzi - ndipo gawo laling'ono likhoza kudyedwa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi moyo wa kapangidwe ka gridi. Kugwirizana komweku kumachenjeza kuti ngakhale madzi otuluka m'mkuwa amakhala ndi mkuwa wosungunuka wokwanira kuti uukire zinc pansi pa madzi.
Popeza kuti galvanic couple imaika kuwonongeka kwake konse pa hardware yolumikizira, gridi imatha kuyesedwa bwino kwa zaka zambiri pomwe clamps zake zimayandikira kulephera pang'onopang'ono - ndipo clamp ikasiya, ndodo yomwe idagwira imakhala yokongoletsera.Ndimaona zida zolumikizira ngati chinthu chofunikira, osati chinthu chongoganizira zamtsogolo, ndipo ndichifukwa chake timapanga makina athuzomangira za earthing zotsutsana ndi dzimbirikuchokera ku mkuwa woyera kapena wothira m'chitini: kufananiza mphamvu yamagetsi ya kondakitala kumachotsa awiriwa m'malo mowongolera.
Njira 3 — Mphepo Yosochera: Electrode Yodyedwa ndi Magetsi
Ndimalemekeza kwambiri njira yachitatu: imatha kupha electrode yolemera mu bajeti imodzi, ndipo sizikugwirizana ndi chemistry ya nthaka. Kulikonse komwe DC current imayenda padziko lapansi - njanji zamagetsi zimabwerera, njira zotetezera cathodic, komanso makamaka kutumiza kwa HVDC komwe kumayenda mu earth-return mode - ndimaona chitsulo chilichonse chobisika pafupi kuti chizitha kutenga current ndikuchitulutsa. Ndimaona chitsulo chikusungunuka pomwe current imachoka pamwamba. Ndimadalira kafukufuku wa HVDC ground-current interference yofalitsidwa kudzera muLaibulale ya Zamankhwala ya US National Library (PMC)pa sikelo: pamene mzere wa DC ukugwira ntchito ndi kubwerera kwa nthaka, electrode yoyambira imalowetsa mafunde omwe "amatha kufika ma amp ambiri," ndikupanga munda wa DC wosasintha m'nthaka womwe umafulumizitsa dzimbiri la electrochemical la nyumba zachitsulo zobisika pafupi ndi iyo, ndi kuukira koyipa kwambiri pa zolakwika zophimba ndi malo otulukira amagetsi.
Ndimaona kuti chizindikiro cha mundacho n'chosalakwika mukachidziwa: kutayika kwachitsulo mwachangu, komwe kumachitika pamalo enaake m'malo mochepa, nthawi zambiri kumayang'ana komwe kumachokera, kukupita patsogolo pakatha miyezi ingapo mpaka zaka zingapo.Chifukwa dzimbiri la mlengalenga limayendetsedwa ndi ma ampere akunja osati ndi dothi lapafupi, palibe makulidwe ophimba padziko lapansi omwe angapitirire - chitetezo ndi malo, mtunda wolekanitsa, njira yolumikizirana, ndi kuyang'anira, osati ndodo yolemera.Ndimasiya kulankhula za zophimba ndikuyamba kupempha kuti ndiphunzire za kusokoneza pamene polojekitiyi ikunena za kuyandikira kwa njanji ya DC, poyimitsa siteshoni yosinthira ya HVDC, kapena malo oteteza magetsi.
Njira 4 — MIC: Mabakiteriya Omwe Amachotsa Chitsulo Kuchokera Pansi
Njira yachinayi ndi yomwe ogula sakhulupirira kwambiri ndipo ayenera kuiopa kwambiri m'nthaka yoyenera. Kutupa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumachitika chifukwa cha biofilms - ndipo mabakiteriya ochepetsa sulfate (SRB), amakula bwino komwe kuli ma electrode oyambira: nthaka yopanda mpweya, yodzaza madzi, yokhala ndi sulfate pa pH 6-8. Ndimaona kuti manambala omwe anayezedwa ndi osadziwika bwino. Mu kafukufuku wowunikidwa ndi anzawo wa chitsulo chobisika mu yankho la nthaka ya acidic yofalitsidwa muZophimba za MDPI (2021), SRB inawonjezera chiwopsezo cha dzimbiri cha chitsulo kasanu ndi kamodzi poyerekeza ndi zinthu zopanda poizoni, kuya kwakukulu kwa dzenje kunakula kuchoka pa 2.32 μm kufika pa 6.01 μm pa nthawi yomweyi, ndipo olembawo anatchula nkhani yolembedwa pomwe payipi yatsopano inalephera ku MIC m'miyezi 8 yokha. Kuukiraku kukuchepa, sikuchepetsa: mabowo akuya pansi pa thunthu la biofilm, ndichifukwa chake malo a MIC amatha kuboola pomwe chitsulo choyandikana nacho chikuwoneka chosakhudzidwa.
Popeza SRB imafuna zinthu zopanda mpweya komanso sulfates, nditha kuneneratu za chiopsezo cha MIC mwachindunji kuchokera ku kafukufuku wa malo — dongo lolemera m'chilengedwe, madambo, minda ya mpunga, ndi nthaka yodzaza ndi madzi yokhala ndi fungo la dzira lovunda (H₂S) ndi malo odziwika bwino oyambitsa vutoli.Ndikuona njira ziwiri zodzitetezera zomwe zimafunika pa ma electrode. Choyamba ndi chitetezo cha zotchinga: mabakiteriya amagwiritsa ntchito maholide ophimba, kotero jekete lopitirira, lopanda chilema ndilo mzere wakutsogolo - zomwe timapanga zimafuna kuti chivundikiro cha mkuwa chikhale chopitirira popanda ming'alu, mabowo, kapena mabowo chifukwa cha ichi. Timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala obwezeretsa mphamvu yachiwiri: bentonite ndi ma backfill oyendetsera mpweya amasintha chinyezi ndi malo ozungulira ndodo, ndipo pomwe amaumitsa annulus amaletsa biofilm ya electrolyte yake.
Njira Zinayi Zogwirira Ntchito Mogwirizana
| Njira | Choyambitsa | Malo owukira | Liwiro lachizolowezi | Saini ya munda | Chitetezo chapadera |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kutupa kwa nthaka kofanana | Chinyezi >17.5% + ma chloride, pH <7, kukana kotsika | Kutalika konse kobisika, koipa kwambiri pamzere wa nthaka | Zaka mpaka zaka makumi ambiri | Gawo lochepa kwambiri, lofanana ndi nthaka m'chiuno | Jekete losalekeza lachitsulo choyera; makulidwe = chotchinga, osati bajeti |
| Kutupa kwa Galvanic | Mkuwa wolumikizidwa ndi zinki/chitsulo + nthaka yonyowa + njira yolumikizirana | Malumikizidwe, ma clamp, zomangira | Miyezi mpaka zaka pa chiŵerengero choipa cha malo | Kuukira kwapafupi mkati mwa ~100 mm kuchokera pa kulumikizana | Zitsulo zofananira (zolumikizira zamkuwa), zolumikizira zodzipatula, ≥10:1 chiŵerengero cha anode:cathode |
| DC yosochera yapano | Kubwerera kwa dziko lapansi kwa HVDC, njanji ya DC, makina a CP pafupi | Malo otulukira pano, zolakwika zokutira | Miyezi mpaka zaka zingapo | Kutayika kwakukulu kumbali yoyang'ana gwero | Kuphunzira za kusokoneza, kulekanitsa, zomangira zotulutsira madzi — osati zokutira |
| MIC (SRB biofilm) | Dothi lodzaza madzi lopanda mpweya, pH 6–8, sulfates | Maenje pansi pa kutumphuka kwa biofilm | Chiŵerengero choyambirira cha 6 ×; kulephera m'miyezi 8 kwalembedwa | Mabowo akuya kwambiri, fungo la H₂S, matope akuda a FeS | Kupitirizabe kwa jekete la tchuthi + kulamulira mankhwala obwezeretsa |
Pezani Ziwopsezo Zodzipitsa pa Tsamba Lanu
Yankhani mafunso asanu ndi limodzi kuchokera ku lipoti lanu la geotechnical ndi tsamba lanu. Iyi ndi mfundo yomweyi yomwe ndimaganizira musanapereke kalasi ya ndodo - wopereka zigoli amalemba mayankho anu ku njira yolamulira komanso chitetezo chomwe chimayankhadi.
Wowerengera Ngozi ya Malo Omwe Akutidwa ndi Dothi
Momwe Timapangira Ndodo Motsutsana ndi Zonse Zinayi
Kupanga zinthu zinayi zosiyana pogwiritsa ntchito chinthu chimodzi kumamveka ngati mgwirizano, koma mfundo zake zimagwirizana ndi kapangidwe kamodzi: jekete lolimba, lopitirira, lachitsulo lokongola lolumikizidwa ku chitsulo chapakati.Ndodo za Copperweld zotsutsana ndi dzimbiriKhalani ndi wosanjikiza wa mkuwa wopangidwa ndi electroplated wa osachepera 0.254 mm — 254 μm wa mkuwa woyera wa 99.95% wopanda zinc woti uchotsedwe, ndipo ngati lamulo lathu losapitirira tchuthi likugwira ntchito, palibe cholakwika chilichonse kuti biofilm kapena awiri a galvanic agwiritse ntchito. Mu ndodo zathu, ulemu wa mkuwa umalowa m'malo mwa kuwerengera kwa zinc motsutsana ndi dzimbiri la nthaka yofanana; motsutsana ndi kuukira kwa galvanic, kuphatikiza ndodo zamkuwa ndizomangira zamkuwaAmasunga cholumikizira chilichonse mbali imodzi ya galvanic series; motsutsana ndi MIC, jekete lotsimikizika losalekeza limachotsa mabakiteriya omwe amakhala m'nyumba za tchuthi. Mphamvu yosochera yokha ndi yomwe imakhala kunja kwa zipangizo zomwe sizingafikire - ndipo pachifukwa ichi, timauza ogula moona mtima kuti athandizire kafukufuku wosokoneza.
Ndimalimbikira mbali ya makina chifukwa jekete lomwe limasweka mu drive ndi jekete lomwe limalephera kugwira ntchito m'nthaka. Timasunga mphamvu yokoka pa ≥580 N/mm² kudutsandodo yophwanyika yokhala ndi mkuwaKutalika — 14.2–25 mm m'mimba mwake, 1.2–3.0 m kutalika — kumasunga kuongoka mkati mwa 1 mm pa mita imodzi, ndikudutsa kupindika kwa 90° pa radius ya 100 mm popanda kusweka kwa mkuwa komanso kuwonongeka kwa chomangira chachitsulo ndi mkuwa. Zipata zisanu ndi chimodzi za QC zimayambira pakuwunika kwachitsulo chobwera mpaka kuyang'aniridwa komaliza musanatumize, pa zidutswa 50,000 pamwezi.gulu la ndodo ya pansi ndi ndodo ya nthaka— ma electrode olumikizidwa ndi mkuwa, mkuwa weniweni, galvanized, ndi apadera — alipo kotero kuti mfundozo zitha kutsatira nthaka, osati mosiyana.
Kukonza Dothi: Kuzindikira Kulephera Kusanachitike Kutha
Ndimapatsa ngakhale gridi yodziwika bwino kalembedwe kotsimikizira, chifukwa dzimbiri ndi loleza mtima ndipo mapepala ndi abodza. Upangiri wanga wokonza kwa ogula ndi waufupi komanso wosakongola: sinthani mayeso oletsa nthaka chaka chilichonse, chifukwa kukwera kwa curve ndiko kukamba za dzimbiri; fukulani 300 mm pamwamba pa ndodo imodzi pa gawo lililonse la gridi pa nthawi ya zaka zambiri, chifukwa mpweya wosiyanasiyana umakhudza nthaka, komwe palibe amene akuyang'ana; onani ma clamps omwe amapezeka mosavuta panthawi ya kuzima kwa malo osungira magetsi, chifukwa kuukira kwa galvanic kumayambira pamalo olumikizirana; ndipo mukamaliza kumanga njanji yapafupi, mapaipi, kapena HVDC, funsaninso funso la stray-current, chifukwa chakupha mwachangu kwambiri ndi chomwe kafukufuku wanu woyamba wa nthaka simunawonepo.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi ndodo yophwanyika iyenera kukhala nthawi yayitali bwanji m'nthaka?
Yankho langa loona mtima ndilakuti “zimadalira njira yomwe nthaka yanu imagwirira ntchito.” Ndaona ndodo zomangiriridwa m'nthaka yabwino, yotulutsa madzi, komanso yopanda mpweya zikutumikira zaka 10-20; m'nthaka yonyowa, yokhala ndi asidi, ndodo yomweyo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kale kwambiri, chifukwa zinc imateteza pogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndodo zomangiriridwa ndi mkuwa zokhala ndi jekete lopitirira la 0.254 mm zimayikidwa nthawi zonse kwa zaka 30-50 chifukwa chakuti mkuwa umachotsa m'malo mopereka nsembe. Kukana kwa malo, pH, ndi chinyezi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa nambala iliyonse ya brosha - zichotseni kuchokera ku lipoti la geotechnical musanayerekeze zomwe zimanenedwa za nthawi ya ntchito.
Kodi zizindikiro zoyamba za dzimbiri la ndodo ya nthaka ndi ziti?
Pamwamba pa kalasi, pafupifupi palibe - ndicho chimene chimapangitsa dzimbiri kukhala loopsa. Chizindikiro choyambirira chodalirika ndi chizolowezi chowonjezeka cha mayeso a pachaka olimbana ndi nthaka. Pakufukula manda, ndinawerenga makinawo molunjika kuchokera ku chitsulo: ngakhale kupukuta ndi gawo la nthaka yolumikizidwa m'chiuno kumawononga nthaka yofanana; kutayika kwa chitsulo komwe kumayikidwa mkati mwa pafupifupi 100 mm kuchokera ku clamp kumawononga galvanic; kutayika kwakuya mbali imodzi pafupi ndi njanji kapena zomangamanga za HVDC ndi mtsinje wotayika; ndipo mabowo akuya omwe ali pansi pa matope akuda, ovunda ndi MIC. Yang'anani 300 mm yapamwamba ya ndodo imodzi pagawo lililonse pazaka zambiri - pamenepo ndi pomwe umboni umabisala.
N’chifukwa chiyani ndodo zomangiriridwa ndi mkuwa zimapirira kuposa zomangiriridwa ndi galvanized m’nthaka yolimba?
Timamanga zophimba ziwirizi mozungulira njira zosiyana. Ndimafotokoza kuti zinc ndi nsembe: imawononga kuti iteteze chitsulo, kotero moyo wa ntchito ndi kupaka utoto wogawidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri - m'nthaka yolimba yomwe kugawikanako kumaipiraipira mofulumira. Timadalira ulemu wa mkuwa: jekete lopangidwa ndi electrolyte lopitirira la 0.254 mm kapena kuposerapo limachotsa electrolyte mu chitsulo, kotero palibe kuwerengera nthawi malinga ngati jeketeyo ikukhalabe yolimba. Mu shopu yathu, kupitirira kwa jekete - popanda ming'alu, mabowo, kapena mabowo - ndi magwiridwe antchito opindika pa radius ya 100 mm ndizofunikira kwambiri monga makulidwe pa datasheet pachifukwa chimenecho.
Kodi ndingalumikize gridi ya nthaka ya mkuwa ku nyumba zachitsulo zomangiriridwa ndi galvanized?
Mungathe, koma mukumanga selo la galvanic, choncho chitani dala. Ndikuchenjeza ogula kuti nthaka yonyowa ndiyo electrolyte ndipo chowongolera chanu cholumikizira ndi njira yobwerera; chophimba cha zinc chimakhala anode ndipo chimadzipereka chokha. Bungwe la American Galvanizers Association limalimbikitsa chiŵerengero cha dera la anode-to-cathode cha osachepera 10:1, ndikulekanitsa cholumikiziracho ndi magetsi momwe zingathere, komanso osalola gawo laling'ono la zinc kumangirirana ndi dera lalikulu la mkuwa. Kulikonse komwe kapangidwe kake kamalola, lumikizani mkuwa ndi mkuwa - zomangira zomwe zingatheke zimachotsa awiriwa kwathunthu m'malo mowongolera kuwonongeka kwake.
Kodi kukana kwa nthaka kumakhudza dzimbiri la ndodo komanso kukana kwa gridi?
Inde, ndipo muyeso womwewo umadziwitsa zonse ziwiri. Dothi losalimba nthawi zambiri limakhala lochepa chifukwa limakhala ndi chinyezi chochuluka ndi mchere wosungunuka - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale malo abwino osungiramo nthaka komanso electrolyte yolimba kwambiri yowononga. Ndimatsatira lamulo lothandiza la AGA ngakhale kuti deta yake yokhudzana ndi dzimbiri la nthaka imaona kuti kulimba kwake ndi chinthu chachiwiri chomwe chimayambitsa ma chloride, chinyezi, ndi pH: pansi pa 50 Ω·m, ndikuganiza kuti malowo ndi owononga mpaka chemistry itanena zosiyana, ndikutchula jekete moyenerera.
Kodi pali malo omwe palibe ndodo yophwanyidwa yomwe ingapulumuke?
Gulu limodzi, inde: madera ovuta kwambiri a stray-current. Ndilibe yankho lophimba komwe DC current yochokera ku HVDC earth-return operation, electrified rail, kapena cathodic protection systems imayenda kudzera mu electrode yanu: kutayika kwachitsulo kumayendetsedwa ndi ma amperes akunja ndipo kumatha kuchotsa zophimba zomwe chemistry yokha singapambane - HVDC ground poles imayambitsa ma currents omwe amatha kufikira ma amperes masauzande ambiri m'nthaka. Chitetezo ndi uinjiniya, osati kugula: kafukufuku wosokoneza, mtunda wolekanitsa, zomangira zotulutsira madzi, ndi malo oyesera oyang'anira. Ngati wogulitsa akulonjeza chophimba chomwe chimanyalanyaza stray current, afunseni kuti akupatseni zambiri zosokoneza - palibe.
Kodi makina opangira nthaka ayenera kuyesedwa kangati kuti awone ngati ali ndi dzimbiri?
Yesani kukana kwa nthaka chaka chilichonse ndikuisintha - curve yoyenda ndi dzimbiri yomwe imadziwonetsa zaka zambiri isanagwe. Onjezani kayendedwe kake koyang'anira: fukulani ndodo zoyimira 300 mm zaka zingapo zilizonse, yang'anani ma clamps omwe akupezeka mosavuta mukangotseka, ndikuwunikiranso kuti muwone ngati pali magetsi otayika nthawi iliyonse njanji, mapaipi, kapena HVDC ikawonekera pafupi. Timakonza malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu - okhala ndi madzi, mchere, kapena dothi la mafakitale - kumapeto kwa nthawi iliyonse, chifukwa njira zonse zinayi zimayenda mwachangu pamenepo.
Kutchula ndodo za malo owononga?
Nditumizireni mphamvu yanu yolimbana ndi nthaka, pH, khalidwe la chinyezi, ndi zomangamanga zilizonse za DC zapafupi — ndidzabweranso mkati mwa tsiku limodzi logwira ntchito ndi kuwerenga kwa dominant-mechanism ndi mfundo ya rod-and-clamp yomwe imayankha, yothandizidwa ndi makulidwe a batch-level ndi zolemba zokhota kuchokera ku mzere wathu wa mwezi wa zidutswa 50,000.Yambani kukambirana patsamba lathu lolumikizirana →
Ndimathandiza ogula akunja kupeza zinthu zoteteza nthaka ndi mphezi kuchokera ku fakitale yathu ya zaka 17 — kuyang'anira bwino zinthu, mayendedwe, ndi zikalata zonse zotumizira kunja. Zithunzi za kulephera kwa ma electrode ochotsedwa m'mawebusayiti a makasitomala ndi momwe njira zinayi zomwe zili munkhaniyi zidalandirira oda yawo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-10-2026