Impendulo emfutshane kuqala: zombini zinokutsala ukumelana nomhlaba osilelayo zibe ziinkcukacha, kodwa zisombulula ingxaki ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo - kwaye umahluko ubonakala kunyaka wesithathu, kungekhona ngomhla wokuqaliswa.Imodyuli yomhlaba yegrafiti yehlisa ukumelana ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla: umzimba wekhabhoni ongengowesinyithi ofunxa umswakama owandisa indawo yokudibana nomhlaba kwaye uqhubeka usebenza amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokuphinda kuzaliswe. I-electrode yekhemikhali yehlisa ukumelana ngokukhutheleyo: ityhubhu yobhedu efakwe iityuwa ze-electrolytic ezikhupha ii-ion eziqhubayo kumhlaba ojikelezileyo - ezinamandla ngosuku lokuqala, kodwa zixhomekeke kumswakama kunye noxinzelelo lwetyuwa oluhlala ixesha elide.Kwiminyaka eli-12 ndinikezela ngetekhnoloji zombini ezivela kumzi-mveliso wethu waseXinchang, ndibukele iinjineli zoyilo zikhetha gwenxa kuzo zombini iindlela. Esi sikhokelo sikunika ifiziksi, imigangatho, izibalo zolondolozo kunye nengqiqo yokukhetha - ukuze ukhethe kube kanye kwaye ukhusele olo khetho kumthengi wakho.
- Sakha imodyuli yomhlaba yegrafiti ukuze isebenze ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ngokwandisa indawo yoqhagamshelwano lwe-electrode nokugcina umswakama womhlaba, ukuze ukusebenza kwayo kungaxhomekeki kwitshaja yekhemikhali enokutyiwa.
- I-electrode yamakhemikhali isebenza ngokukhukulisa iityuwa ze-electrolytic emhlabeni, nto leyo enika amandla okuqala okunciphisa ukuxhathisa kodwa idibanisa ukusebenza kwexesha elide nokufuma kunye noqeqesho lokuzalisa kwakhona.
- Sixhomekeke kwi-IEC 62561-7:2024 kuba ichaza ngqo iimvavanyo eziveza i-compound ebuthathaka — ukuvuza, ukuqinisekiswa kwesalfure, ukuchasana, ukulinganiswa kwe-pH kunye nokugqwala — kwaye sicebisa ukuba kufunwe ubungqina obunjalo kuye nawuphi na umthengisi.
- Kwiikowuteshini zethu zokuthumela ngaphandle, i-electrode yekhemikhali idla ngokubiza ngaphezulu kwama-20% ukuya kuma-40% kune-graphite module, ngokuyintloko ngenxa yomzimba wetyhubhu yobhedu kunye netyuwa ethwalayo.
- Umzi-mveliso wethu uvelisa iimodyuli zomhlaba ezifikelela kwi-10,000 ngenyanga kwiifom zekholamu, isikwere kunye ne-plum-blossom, ezipakishwe kwiibhokisi zomthi kwaye zithunyelwa zivela eShanghai okanye eNingbo.
Xa umvavanyi womhlaba engavumelani nomzobo: ingxaki yokuxhathisa umhlaba iqala phi ngokwenene?
Mandiqale ngesivakalisi endisivayo phantse kuyo yonke i-call yokusombulula iingxaki: “Sifake yonke into ethethwa ngumzobo, kwaye ukufunda kusasilela.” Umzobo wawungachanekanga ngezixhobo zekhompyutha — wawungathethi nto ngomhlaba.Ukumelana nomhlaba kulawulwa ngumhlaba okwiimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kwi-electrode, ngoko ke xa loo mhlaba umi kwiimitha ezingamakhulu aliqela ze-ohm, ukongeza ezinye iintonga ezingenanto kuvelisa uphuculo oluncinci ngendlela ehlazisayo.Isizathu yijiyometri, hayi ubuchule: intonga nganye ichitha umbane uye kwikhowuni yomhlaba ozijikelezileyo, kwaye xa iikhowuni zeentonga ezikufutshane zidibana, intonga nganye eyongezelelweyo iboleka umhlaba osele ukhankanyiwe. Ukuphinda kabini inani leentonga kumhlaba ofanayo oxhathisayo akunciphisi ukuxhathisa - kuphononongo lwethu lokulinganisa, inzuzo evela kwintonga yesibini idla ngokuncipha kakhulu kuneyokuqala.
Loo mpembelelo yokudityaniswa yiyo loo nto singasayiphathi "yongeza iintonga ezingaphezulu" njengempendulo enzulu kumhlaba ombi. Impendulo echanekileyo kukutshintsha indlela umhlaba oziphatha ngayo ujikeleze i-electrode, kwaye zimbini iiteknoloji ezilawula olo luhlu olufutshane kwiingcaphuno zethu: i-graphite ground module kunye ne-chemical electrode.Zombini zihlasela i-variable efanayo — i-resistivity kunye nomgangatho woqhagamshelwano lomhlaba ojikeleze i-electrode — kodwa ziyihlasela ngeefilosofi ezichaseneyo, kwaye loo mahluko wefilosofi yinto ekuthethwa ngayo kweli nqaku.Ngaphambi kokuba nayiphi na imveliso ingene kwingxoxo, icandelo elinye libaluleke ngaphezu kwako konke:linganisa umhlaba kuqala, ngophando olufanelekileyo lwe-electrode ezine njengoko kuchaziwe kuIEEE Std 81, kuba akukho phepha ledatha lemveliso elinokuthatha indawo yeprofayili yokumelana nesixhobo sakho sokwenyani.
Iifilosofi ezimbini kumjelo omnye: itekhnoloji nganye inciphisa njani ukuxhathisa?
Sichaza imodyuli yegrafiti njengempendulo yenjineli engasebenziyo.Zethuimodyuli yomhlaba yegrafayithi yekholamukwayeumntakwabo wekhabhoni onganyangekiyo kakhuluzakhiwe ngesixhobo esizinzileyo esingeyontsimbi esifunxa kwaye sigcine umswakama, sigcina unxibelelwano olusondeleyo nomhlaba ojikelezileyo, kwaye sinendawo enkulu yoqhagamshelwano esebenzayo kunentonga engenanto.Ndihlala ndibuyela kwiipropati ezintathu ezivela kumaxwebhu ethu emveliso kwiingxoxo zoyilo: ukuhanjiswa kombane akuchaphazeleki lixesha lonyaka; umzimba awuqini okanye uqhekeke ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwamandla emva koxinzelelo olukhulu lwamandla; kwaye ukumelana kuhlala kuphantsi kwaye kuzinzile ixesha elide kuba akukho nto ngaphakathi enokutyiwa. Sizibumba ngokwemilo yeekholamu, isikwere kunye neentyatyambo zeplum, kunye nekholamu njengemilo endiyicaphula kakhulu kumhlaba onamatye kunye nemingxunya ebhobokileyo.
Sichaza i-electrode yamakhemikhali njengempendulo yenjineli esebenzayo.I-electrode yekhemikhali yityhubhu yobhedu eneembobo efektri eneetyuwa ze-electrolytic; ukufuma komhlaba kungena ngemingxunya yokuphefumla, kunyibilikise iityuwa, kwaye kuthwale ii-ions eziqhubayo ziye kumhlaba ojikelezileyo, nto leyo enciphisa uxhathiso lomhlaba ngokwawo ngeekhemikhali.Sibone isiphumo sokufunda okungaphumeleliyo siba sikhulu, kwaye kwiindawo ezichasayo kakhulu ezinethagethi engalindelekanga - indawo yeentaba ze-telecom kwi-granite, masithi - ikhemistri ngamanye amaxesha ifikelela kumanani angenakufikelelwa kukwandiswa kwendawo engasebenziyo. Sisoloko sikhumbuza abathengi ngexabiso laloo mandla: inkqubo isebenza kuphela ngelixa ukufuma kunye neetyuwa zisekho.
Unyaka wesithathu yeyona nkcazelo yokwenyani: kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuba ityuwa iphumile?
Makhe ndikubonise inxalenye yothelekiso engafane idlule kwiincwadana zokuthengisa.Inkqubo efanayo yokukhuhla eyenza i-electrode yamakhemikhali isebenze kakuhle ikwayindlela yayo yokwaluphala — yonke imvula ethwala ii-ions emhlabeni ithwala umbane inyathelo elinye elisondela ekuncipheni.Sibona abavelisi bejongana nale nto ngee-refill ports kunye nee-recharge kits, ezisebenza kakuhle xa umnini wesiza egcina i-asethi - aze ahluleke kancinci xa kungekho mntu uyenzayo loo nto. Ngaphambi kokuba sicaphule ikhemistri, ndibuza wonke umcebisi umbuzo omnye: ngubani, ngokwesivumelwano, ozalisa le electrode kunyaka wesithathu, nakunyaka wesixhenxe?
Ihlabathi lemigangatho liyifumene le nyaniso.I-IEC 62561-7:2024ngoku ichaza ibhetri yovavanyo lweekhompawundi zokuphucula umhlaba — iimvavanyo zokutsalwa kwenkunkuma, ukuqinisekiswa kwesalfure, ukuqinisekiswa kokumelana, ukulinganiswa kwe-pH (esandula ukwaziswa kuhlelo luka-2024) kunye novavanyo lokugqwala — kuba kanye ikhompawundi kufuneka iphucule umhlaba ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa ii-conductors ezingcwatywe kuwo.Elo nqaku lokugqibela lifanele ukugxininiswa: ityuwa eyoyikisayo edlakadlaka eguqula ingxaki yokumelana negesi ibe yingxaki yokuthembeka. Sijonga ukuhambelana nokugqwala kuyo yonke i-oda yeekhemikhali, kwaye sikucebisa ukuba ufune ubungqina bovavanyo lwesitayile se-IEC 62561-7 kuye nawuphi na umthengisi, kuquka nathi.
Sithanda iimodyuli zegrafiti kuba ziyawuphepha wonke umbuzo.Ngenxa yokuba le module ayinatyuwa kwaye ayina-electrolyte, akukho nto yokuyikhupha, akukho nto yokuyizalisa kwaye akukho nto yokugqwala ii-conductors ezikufutshane — ishedyuli yokulungisa isebenza "ukuhlola isiciko somngxuma ngamanye amaxesha."Kwiindawo ezingenabantu, iincopho zeentaba, iifama zelanga zasentlango kunye nayo nayiphi na impahla enomniniyo engasayi kusayina isivumelwano sokulungisa, loo mahluko mnye uhlala ulungisa ukhetho ngaphambi kokuba ixabiso lixoxwe.
Icala ngecala: zeziphi iinombolo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezifanele ziqhubele phambili ukhetho?
| Ikhrayitheriya | Imodyuli yomhlaba yegrafayithi | I-electrode yekhemikhali |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela yokusebenza | Ingasebenzi: ukwandiswa kwendawo + ukugcinwa komswakama | Iyasebenza: iityuwa ze-electrolytic zitshintsha ikhemistri yomhlaba |
| Ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kokuqala | Yomelele kwaye izinzile | Inamandla kakhulu, ingakumbi xa ixhathisa kakhulu |
| Umxholo osetyenziswayo | Akukho nanye | Ityuwa itshajwa, incitshiswa kukuvuza |
| Imfuneko yokugcinwa | Akukho nto ngokuqinisekileyo | Ukuhlolwa nokuphinda kuzaliswe rhoqo |
| Ukuziphatha kwexesha lonyaka | Ukuqhuba kwemveliso akuchaphazeleki lixesha lonyaka (ngokwedatha yemveliso yethu) | Kuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni komswakama womhlaba |
| Umngcipheko wokugqwala komqhubi | Akukho nto ikwimodyuli ngokwayo | Kufuneka ihlolwe — yiyo loo nto uvavanyo lwe-IEC 62561-7 lokugqwala |
| Iprofayili yokusingqongileyo | Umzimba wekhabhoni ongasebenziyo | Ityuwa ikhutshelwa emhlabeni — jonga imithetho yendawo |
| Iindleko ezifakiweyo (iikowuteshini zethu zokuthumela ngaphandle) | Isiseko | Ngokwesiqhelo iphezulu ngama-20%–40% ngenqaku ngalinye |
| Iindawo ezifanelekileyo kakhulu | Izinto ezingenamntu, ezikude, ezihlala ixesha elide | Ukumelana okugqithisileyo kunye nokugcinwa okuzinikeleyo |
Kwiithenda ezininzi ndibona, imigca emibini kuloo theyibhile ithwala isigqibo.I-electrode yekhemikhali idla ngokubiza ngaphezulu kwama-20% ukuya kuma-40% kune-graphite module kwiikowuteshini zethu zokuthumela ngaphandle, ikakhulu ngenxa yomzimba wetyhubhu yobhedu kunye netyuwa ethwalayo - kwaye loo msantsa uyanda xa izixhobo zokugcwalisa kwakhona kunye nokutyelela ulondolozo kungena kwiindleko zomjikelo wobomi.Siphatha umgca wolondolozo njengowesibini: nokuba umthengi wakho unenkqubo yolondolozo, apho ikhemistri ihlala ikwitafile, okanye abanayo, apho i-passive kuphela kwengcebiso ethembekileyo.
Idatha yomhlaba yiyo egqibayo, hayi ukhetho: ungayifanisa njani imveliso nendawo?
Ndiphendula ngokunyaniseka okufanayo ngalo lonke ixesha xa ndisithi “yeyiphi engcono”: le webhusayithi iyazigqibela.Sicela izimvo ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba sicebise — iprofayili ye-Wenner four-electrode resistivity, ukumelana nethagethi kunye nobomi bayo boyilo, kunye nokukwazi kokugcina izinto ngendlela eyiyo komnini — kwaye ukhetho ludla ngokungabikho kwezo mpendulo zintathu zodwa.Ukumelana okungaphezulu kwe-500 ohm-meters kunye nethagethi eqinileyo ityhala ukuya kwi-chemistry okanye kwiidizayini ze-hybrid; ukumelana okuphakathi kunye nendawo engenamntu ityhala ukuya kwiimodyuli; kwaye nantoni na ekufutshane nemithombo yamanzi okanye umhlaba onobuthathaka kokusingqongileyo ityhala ngamandla ukuya kukhetho olungasebenziyo. Kwimo yoyilo lwe-grounding,IEEE Std 80ibeka iithagethi zokhuseleko eziqhuba injongo yokuchasana, kwayeBS 7430isengumgaqo wokusebenza abacebisi abaninzi abawufumanayo ukuze bakhethe i-electrode kwiindawo ezinokumelana kakhulu.
Sifuna ukukhankanya uyilo oluxutyiweyo, kuba abacebisi abanamava balusebenzisa ngaphezu kokuba iincwadana zivuma.Isangqa seemodyuli zegrafiti ezijikeleze iqela le-electrode ebalulekileyo, kunye ne-electrodes enye okanye ezimbini zeekhemikhali kwikona embi kakhulu yendawo, zidibanisa uzinzo olungasebenziyo kunye nezihlunu ezisebenzayo - kwaye sihlala sithumela iindleko ezixutyiweyo zobungakanani ezakhiwe ngale ndlela.Ukuba iprojekthi yakho sele isebenzisa ii-electrode zegrafiti kwenye indawo, inqaku lethu langaphambili malungaii-electrode ze-graphite kunye nendima yazo ekumiseni umhlabaigubungela iziseko zezinto eziphathekayo.
Umncedisi wokukhetha
Phendula imibuzo emithathu; umncedisi ucebisa ucwangciso lokuqalisa (kusafuneka isigqibo sobunjineli).
Ingcebiso: iimodyuli zomhlaba zegrafayithi. Iindawo ezingenabantu ziyabagweba abantu abasebenzisa izisombululo ezisetyenziswayo.
Ukusuka kumgangatho wefektri yethu: kufuneka iquke ntoni i-odolo ekhuselweyo?
Siyazi ukusuka kumakhulu eemijikelo zokuthumela ukuba nokuba yeyiphi na iteknoloji oyichazayo, iodolo ngokwayo kufuneka ihlale iphila emva kokuhlolwa kwamaxwebhu ngumcebisi.Iphakheji yethu eqhelekileyo yokuthumela ngaphandle kwiimodyuli zomhlaba ibandakanya iphepha ledatha lezinto, imizobo enobukhulu, amanani ovavanyo olukumgangatho weloti, imiyalelo yokufakela, kunye neseti epheleleyo yamaxwebhu okuthumela ngaphandle - i-invoyisi, uluhlu lokupakisha kunye nesatifikethi semvelaphi - esilungiselelwe ngaxeshanye nemveliso.Sivelisa iimodyuli ezifikelela kwi-10,000 ngenyanga, sizipakishe kwiibhokisi zeenkuni zokuthutha ngolwandle, size sizithumele zivela eShanghai okanye eNingbo; inkqubo yethu esemgangathweni isebenza phantsi kwe-ISO 9001:2008, kwaye ungaqinisekisa ukuba eso siqinisekiso sifuna ntoni kwiiphepha elisemthethweni le-ISO 9001Kwiiprojekthi ezifuna uvavanyo lombane lweqela lesithathu lwezinto zokubumba umhlaba,I-CEPRI (iZiko loPhando lwaMandla oMbane laseTshayina)ligunya eliqatshelwa ziibhodi zeethenda zeengxelo zalo.
Ngokuphathelele umthamo kunye nokuqhubekeka, mandibeke amanani ethu etafileni:Isityalo sethu saseXinchang sigubungela i-3,000 m² kunye nabasebenzi bemveliso abangaphezu kwama-40 kunye neqela le-R&D labantu aba-5, sithumela ngaphandle kumazwe angaphezu kwama-60, kwaye sirekhode i-USD yezigidi ezili-15 kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngo-2022.Usapho olupheleleyo lwemodyuli — ikholamu, isikwere kunye ne-plum-blossom — luhleli kwiudidi lwemodyuli yomhlaba, kwaye kwiiprojekthi zethu ze-chemical-electrodei-electrode yokumisa ikhemikhaliUmgca ugubungela icala elisebenzayo lothelekiso. Sigcina iinkcukacha eziphindaphindwayo kwifayile, ngoko ke imodyuli kulandelelwano lwakho lwesigaba sesithathu iyafana neyokwisigaba sokuqala.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ngaba imodyuli yomhlaba yegrafiti ingatshintsha ngokupheleleyo iintonga zomhlaba?
Sicebisa ukuba le module iphathwe njengophuculo lwenkqubo ye-electrode, kungekhona into ethatha indawo yayo yodwa kwiindlela ezininzi zoyilo. Kwiiprojekthi zethu, iimodule zifakelwe, okanye ziqhagamshelwe ngqo kwinethiwekhi ye-electrode eqhelekileyo, apho zandisa indawo yoqhagamshelwano kwaye zizinzise ukufundwa okungenakugcinwa ziintonga zodwa.
Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-electrode yamakhemikhali?
Siphendula ngokunyanisekileyo: ubomi benkonzo buxhomekeke kwimvula, ukutsalwa kwamanzi emhlabeni kunye noqeqesho lokuzalisa kwakhona, yiyo loo nto siyicaphula njengempahla egciniweyo. Ngokutshaja okucwangcisiweyo, ii-electrode zeekhemikhali zisebenza iminyaka emininzi; ngaphandle kokugcinwa, ukusebenza kuyahamba njengoko ityuwa iphuma, kwaye ukushukuma kuvela kuqala kwiimilinganiselo zexesha elomileyo.
Ingaba ityuwa evela kwi-electrode yamakhemikhali iyingozi emhlabeni okanye emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba?
Siyalumkisa ukuba kunokwenzeka, kuxhomekeke kwikhemistri yokuzalisa kunye nendawo, yiyo loo nto i-IEC 62561-7 ibandakanya uvavanyo lwe-leaching kunye ne-pH kunye nesizathu sokuba ezinye iindawo zithintele ii-electrodes ezisekelwe kwityuwa kufutshane nemithombo yamanzi. Kumhlaba onobuthathaka kokusingqongileyo, sicebisa imodyuli yegrafiti engafakwanga njengesiqhelo.
Yeyiphi imilo yemodyuli ekufuneka ndiyichaze: ikholamu, isikwere okanye intyatyambo yeplam?
Kwiirekhodi zethu zesicatshulwa, iimodyuli zekholamu zikhokela kakhulu kwimingxunya ebhoboziweyo nomhlaba onamatye, iibhloko zesikwere zemisele evulekileyo ene-backfill elungileyo, kunye neefom ze-plum-blossom apho unxibelelwano oluphezulu lomphezulu luphambili. Sithumelele iprofayili yomhlaba kunye nendlela yokufaka, kwaye siya kufanisa imo yayo nayo.
Ngaba iimodyuli zegrafiti ziyasebenza kwiindawo ezomileyo?
Sithi ewe, kwaye oku kuyabamangalisa oonjineli abaninzi: umzimba wekhabhoni ufunxa kwaye ugcine umswakama okhoyo, kwaye idatha yemveliso yethu ithi ukuhanjiswa komoya akuchaphazeleki lixesha lonyaka. Kwiindawo ezingomiyo ngokwenene sisawujonga umfanekiso womswakama ngokunyanisekileyo, kwaye apho imbalela yexesha lonyaka igqithisileyo ngamanye amaxesha sidibanisa iimodyuli kunye ne-electrode enye yekhemikhali egciniweyo kwindawo ebalulekileyo.
Zeziphi ubungqina bovavanyo endifanele ndibufune kuye nawuphi na umthengisi?
Sicebisa ukuba kufuneke ibhetri yovavanyo ye-IEC 62561-7 — ukutsalwa kwenkunkuma, ukuqinisekiswa kwesalfure, ukuqinisekiswa kokumelana nenkunkuma, ukulinganiswa kwe-pH kunye neziphumo zokubola — kunye neerekhodi zobukhulu kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo kwinqanaba lelothi. Umenzi wokwenyani uvelisa ezi nge-imeyile enye.
Ngaba iimodyuli kunye nee-electrode zamakhemikhali zinokudityaniswa kwindawo enye?
Ewe, kwaye ulwakhiwo lwe-hybrid luqhelekile kwii-odolo zethu: iimodyuli zegrafiti ezijikeleze iqela eliphambili le-electrode ukuze kubekho uzinzo, kunye nee-electrode zeekhemikhali ezikwiikona eziphezulu zokumelana noxinzelelo ukuze kubekho umda owongezelelweyo. Ezi ndlela zimbini aziphazamisi, kwaye indibaniselwano idla ngokudlula nayiphi na iteknoloji yodwa.
Ngaba unengxelo yokumelana nomhlaba kunye nenjongo oza kuyibetha?
Sithumelele iprofayili kaWenner, ukumelana nokujoliswa kwayo kunye nobomi boyilo — siza kubuyisela uqwalaselo (imodyuli, ikhemikhali okanye i-hybrid) kunye nobuninzi, imizobo kunye nesicatshulwa sefektri.
UJane Yang— Umphathi weNtengiso, iXinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd.
UJane uchithe iminyaka eli-12 kwidesika yokuthumela ngaphandle yefektri yethu yokukhusela umhlaba kunye nombane, enceda iinjineli zoyilo kunye nabacebisi beprojekthi ukuba bakhethe kwaye bafumane iimodyuli zomhlaba, ii-electrode zeekhemikhali kunye neenkqubo zokugrumba umhlaba ezipheleleyo ngamaxwebhu akumgangatho weloti.
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Ixesha leposi: Sep-21-2026