Izinduku Zombani zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni isakhiwo sakho emandleni abhubhisayo ombani. Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zinduku zidonsela umbani, kodwa lokhu kuyinganekwane. Kunalokho, zinikeza indlela ephephile yokuthi ugesi ufike phansi, uvimbele umonakalo. Umbani ushaya e-United States izikhathi ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-25 ngonyaka, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu empahleni ngisho nokufa. Ukuvikela isakhiwo sakho ngokuvikela umbani okufanele kungavimbela imililo kanye nomonakalo wesakhiwo, kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwesakhiwo kanye nabantu abahlala kuso.

Ukuqonda Umbani Nezingozi Zawo

Uhlobo Lombani

Indlela umbani owakheka ngayo

Umbani uyakheka lapho amashaji kagesi eqoqana emafwini esiphepho. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani. Njengoba amafu esiphepho ehamba, adala ukungqubuzana, okuhlukanisa amashaji amahle nangalungile. Amashaji amabi aqoqana phansi kwefu, kuyilapho amashaji amahle eqoqana phansi. Lapho umehluko ekushajeni uba mkhulu kakhulu, kwenzeka ukukhishwa kukagesi ngokushesha, okudala umbani.

Ukuvama kanye nomthelela wokushaya kombani

Umbani ushaya njalo emhlabeni wonke. E-United States kuphela, umbani ushaya izikhathi ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-25 minyaka yonke. Lokhu kushayisa kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngokusho kwe-National Lightning Safety Institute, umbani ubanga imililo engaphezu kuka-26,000 minyaka yonke e-USA, okuholela ekulimaleni kwempahla okungaphezu kwamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha. Lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqonda nokunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene nombani.

Umonakalo Ongaba Khona Obangelwa Ukushaya Kombani

Umonakalo wesakhiwo

Umbani ungadala umonakalo omkhulu ezakhiweni. Uma umbani ushaya, ungadala imigodi ophahleni, uphule amafasitela, ngisho nokuqhekeka kwezindonga. Ukushisa okukhulu namandla avela kulokhu kungenza isakhiwo sesakhiwo sibe buthaka, kwenze singaphephile kubantu abahlala kuso.

Izingozi zomlilo

Izingozi zomlilo zibeka enye ingozi enkulu evela ekushayweni kombani. Ukushisa okuphezulu kombani kungavuthisa izinto ezivuthayo, okuholela emililweni. Le mililo ingasakazeka ngokushesha, ibangele umonakalo omkhulu empahleni futhi ibeke izimpilo engozini. Ukuvikela isakhiwo sakho emililweni kungasiza ekuvimbeleni imililo enjalo ebhubhisayo.

Umonakalo ohlelweni lukagesi

Umbani ungalimaza nezinhlelo zikagesi. Uma umbani ushaya, ungathumela ugesi omkhulu ngezintambo zesakhiwo. Lokhu kuqhuma kungalimaza izinto zikagesi, izinto zikagesi, kanye nengqalasizinda kagesi uqobo. Ungase ubhekane nokuphazamiseka kukagesi noma umonakalo ongapheli kumadivayisi akho. Ukufaka isivikelo esifanele sombani kungavikela izinhlelo zakho zikagesi kulezi zikhukhula ezibhubhisayo.

Indima Yezinduku Zombani

Umsebenzi kanye Nenhloso

Indlela izinduku zombani ezisebenza ngayo

Izinduku zombani zisebenza njengendlela ebalulekile yokuzivikela ezakhiweni emandleni abhubhisayo ombani. Lapho umbani ushaya, ufuna indlela engenakuphikiswa phansi. Ungacabanga ngezinduku zombani njengeziqondisi eziqondisa la mandla anamandla ngokuphepha kude nesakhiwo sakho. Ngokuhlinzeka ngendlela engenamandla okumelana, zivimbela ugesi ukuthi ungabangeli umonakalo ezingxenyeni ezingahambisi ugesi zesakhiwo. Lolu hlelo luqinisekisa ukuthi amandla ageleza ngokungenangozi ngenduku kanye nezintambo zayo, ekugcineni afinyelele phansi.

Izingxenye zesistimu yokuvikela umbani

Okupheleleuhlelo lokuvikela umbaniIqukethe izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, induku yombani ngokwayo, evame ukufakwa endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yesakhiwo, idonsela umbani. Okulandelayo, izintambo eziqhubayo ezenziwe ngethusi noma i-aluminium zixhuma induku emhlabathini. Lezi zintambo zihambisa amandla kagesi ngokuphephile kude nesakhiwo. Ekugcineni, izinhlelo zokusekela umhlaba zisakaza amandla emhlabeni, ziqedela inqubo yokuvikela. Ndawonye, ​​lezi zingxenye zisebenza ngokuvumelana ukuvikela isakhiwo sakho ekulimaleni kombani okungenzeka.

Umongo Womlando Nokuziphendukela Kwemvelo

Ukusungula kanye nokusetshenziswa kwasekuqaleni

Ukusungulwa kwenduku yombani kwaqala emuva ku-1752lapho uBenjamin Franklin ethula le divayisi entsha. Ilukuluku likaFranklin ngogesi lamholela ekudaleni induku yokuqala yombani, edume ngokusebenzisa ikhayithi enesihluthulelo sensimbi. Lokhu kusungulwa kwaphawula intuthuko enkulu ekuqondeni ugesi futhi kwanikeza ikhambi elisebenzayo lokuvikela izakhiwo ekushayweni umbani.1753, izinduku zombani ezineziqongo zethusi noma zeplatinum zamukelwa kabanzi, ikakhulukazi enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-United States. Lokhu kufakwa kwasekuqaleni akugcini nje ngokusindisa izimpilo ezingenakubalwa kodwa futhi kwavimbela nemililo eminingi.

Intuthuko yesimanje

Eminyakeni edlule, izinduku zombani ziye zathuthuka kakhulu. Intuthuko yanamuhla iye yathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwazo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwazo. Namuhla, ungathola izinduku zombani eziklanywe ngezinto ezithuthukisiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwazo. Lokhu kusungula izinto ezintsha kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinduku zombani ziyaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni izakhiwo ekushayweni umbani. Naphezu kokuthuthuka kwazo, isimiso esiyisisekelo sisalokhu sifana: ukuhlinzeka ngendlela ephephile yombani ukuze ufike phansi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe izakhiwo kanye nabantu abahlala kuzo.

Izinyathelo Zokuvikela Ezengeziwe

Nakuba ama-Lightning Rod enikeza isivikelo esibalulekile, ungathuthukisa ukuphepha kwesakhiwo sakho ngezinyathelo ezengeziwe. Lezi zinhlelo ezihambisanayo zisebenza kanye nama-Lightning Rods ukunikeza isivikelo esiphelele ekushayweni kombani.

Izinhlelo Ezihambisanayo

Izivikeli zokuqhuma

Izivikeli zokukhuphuka zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni amadivayisi akho kagesi. Uma umbani ushaya, kungabangela ukukhuphuka kwamandla okulimaza i-electronics. Izivikeli zokukhuphuka zisebenza njengesithiyo, zimunca i-voltage eningi futhi ziyivimbele ekufinyeleleni amadivayisi akho. Ngokufaka izivikeli zokukhuphuka, uqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zakho zikagesi kanye ne-electronics zihlala ziphephile ngesikhathi sesiphepho. Lokhu kwengeza okulula kugcwalisa umsebenzi we-Lightning Rods ngokuvikela izingxenye zangaphakathi zesakhiwo sakho.

Izinhlelo zokumisa phansi

Izinhlelo zokumisa umhlabathi ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvikela umbani. Zihlinzeka ngendlela eqondile yokuthi imisinga kagesi ifinyelele emhlabathini ngokuphephile. Uma zihlanganiswa ne-Lightning Rods, izinhlelo zokumisa umhlabathi ziqinisekisa ukuthi amandla avela ekushayweni umbani asakazeka emhlabeni ngendlela engenangozi. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yomonakalo wesakhiwo kanye nezingozi zomlilo. Ukumisa umhlabathi ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze isu lakho lokuvikela umbani lisebenze kahle.

Izindinganiso kanye neMithethonqubo

Ukunamathela ezindinganisweni kanye nemithethonqubo kubalulekile lapho usebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvikela umbani. Lezi ziqondiso ziqinisekisa ukuthi isakhiwo sakho sithola izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha.

Izindinganiso zikazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe

II-NFPA 780indinganiso ichaza izidingo zokufaka i-Lightning Rods kanye nezinhlelo ezihlobene. Lo mbhalo usebenza njengomhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komuntu siqu nokwesakhiwo ekubangeni. Ngokulandela lezi zindinganiso, ugcwalisa umthwalo wakho wemfanelo osemthethweni futhi wenza isinqumo sokuphepha esihlakaniphile. Ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokuvikela umbani lwesakhiwo sakho luhlangabezana nezindinganiso ezidingekayo zokusebenza kahle.

Iziqondiso zokuthobela imithetho kanye nokuphepha

Ukuthobela iziqondiso zokuphepha akuyona nje isibopho esingokomthetho; kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekuvikeleni impahla yakho kanye nabantu abahlala kuyo. Ukuhlolwa njalo nokugcinwa kwe-Lightning Rods yakho kanye nezinhlelo ezihambisanayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi zisebenza kahle. Ngokunamathela kulezi ziqondiso, unciphisa ingozi yezehlakalo ezihlobene nombani. Lokhu kuzibophezela ekuphepheni kubonisa indlela ethembekile yokuphatha izakhiwo.

Ukuhlanganisa lezi zinyathelo zokuvikela ezengeziwe kanye ne-Lightning Rods kudala ukuzivikela okuqinile ekushayweni kombani. Ngokuqonda nokusebenzisa lezi zinhlelo, uthuthukisa ukuphepha nokuqina kwesakhiwo sakho.

Iseluleko Esiwusizo Sokusetshenziswa

Iziqondiso Zokufaka

Ukukhetha uhlelo olufanele

Ukukhetha uhlelo lokuvikela umbani olufanele lwesakhiwo sakho kubalulekile. Kufanele ucabangele izici ezifana nokuphakama kwesakhiwo, indawo, kanye nokuvama kokuduma kwezulu endaweni yakini. Izakhiwo ezifundeni ezinomsebenzi ovamile wombani zidinga izinhlelo eziqinile. Ukubonisana nosonkontileka oqinisekisiwe wokuvikela umbani kungakusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi. Laba ochwepheshe bahlola izidingo ezithile zesakhiwo sakho futhi batusa uhlelo olungcono kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphezulu.

Amathiphu okufaka ochwepheshe

Ukufakwa kobuchwepheshe kwezinhlelo zokuvikela umbani kubalulekile ukuze zisebenze kahle. Kufanele uqashe usonkontileka oqinisekisiwe olandela amazinga embonini.Isikhungo Sokuvikela Umbanikugcizelela ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izinhlelo eziqinisekisiwe ezihlinzeka ngendlela ethile yokusekela ngokuphephile ugesi oshaje kakhulu webhawodi lombani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokuhlola lomuntu wesithathu luqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kuhlangabezana nazo zonke iziqondiso zokuphepha. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lusebenza kahle futhi lunikeza isivikelo esifanele.

Ukugcinwa Nokuhlolwa

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kanye nokugcinwa

Ukugcinwa njalo kwesistimu yakho yokuvikela umbani kubalulekile. Kufanele uhlele ukuhlolwa njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zisesimweni esihle. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekuboneni noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe yingozi ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu. Ukugcinwa njalo kuhlanganisa ukuqinisa ukuxhumana, ukuhlola ukugqwala, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokusekela zihlala ziqinile. Ngokulondoloza uhlelo lwakho, wandisa isikhathi salo sokuphila futhi uqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuqhubekayo.

Izimpawu zokuguguleka noma umonakalo

Kufanele uqaphele izimpawu zokuguguleka noma umonakalo ohlelweni lwakho lokuvikela umbani. Bheka ukugqwala okubonakalayo ezintanjeni noma ezindongeni, ukuxhumana okuxegayo, kanye nanoma yimuphi umonakalo obonakalayo ezingxenyeni. Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zinkinga, xhumana nochwepheshe ngokushesha. Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga ngokushesha kuvimbela ukwehluleka okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokushaya kombani. Ukuhlolwa njalo nokulungiswa ngesikhathi esifanele kugcina uhlelo lwakho lusesimweni esihle, kuvikele isakhiwo sakho ezingozini ezihlobene nombani.

Izinhlelo zokuvikela umbani zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni isakhiwo sakho emandleni abhubhisayo ombani. Zihlinzeka ngendlela ephansi yokuvimbela umbani, zivimbele umonakalo wesakhiwo futhi ziqinisekise ukuphepha kwabahlali. Kufanele uhlole izidingo ezithile zesakhiwo sakho ukuze unqume uhlelo lokuvikela olusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukutshala imali ohlelweni lokuvikela umbani oluphelele kunikeza ukuphepha kwezezimali nokuthula kwengqondo. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha, udala indawo ephephile yempahla yakho futhi uqede isikhathi esingaba khona sokungasebenzi kohlelo. Beka phambili ukuvikelwa kombani ukuze uvikele ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho futhi uvikele izimpilo.