Kulimbana ndi zida zankhondokuba mkuwa m'makina okhazikika pansiakusintha mwakachetechete zomwe akufuna: m'malo mosintha ma conductors a mkuwa wobedwa ndi mkuwa wofanana, oyang'anira katundu omwe akuchulukirachulukira tsopano akusankha chingwe cha mkuwa chophimbidwa ndi chitsulo (CCS) kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pamwamba pa grounding leads, mpanda womangira ndi counterpoise.Timapeza mfundo yosavuta — chingwe cha CCS chimanyamula wosanjikiza wa mkuwa woyera wa 0.25 mm pamwamba pa chitsulo, kotero chimagwira ntchito zamagetsi koma chimakhala ndi gawo laling'ono la zinyalala za mkuwa wolimba, ndipo malinga ndi zomwe takumana nazo potumiza kunja, kusinthaku kamodzi kokha kumachotsa nkhani ya bizinesi ya wakuba.Ndakhala zaka 12 ndikupereka ma kontrakitala a nthaka ku mautumiki ndi makontrakitala awo m'maiko opitilira 60, ndipo nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kuba komwe kukuchititsa kusinthaku, manambala aukadaulo omwe wolemba zinthu ayenera kuyang'ana, komanso mndandanda weniweni womwe ndimatumiza kwa ogula omwe akulembanso miyezo yawo pambuyo pa kuba.
- Timadalira kuwunika kwa Unduna wa Zamagetsi ku US komwe kudawerengera zochitika 18,400 za kuba mkuwa zomwe zidanenedwa ndi mautumiki 618 mchaka chimodzi, ndipo mawaya omangira pansi pa mitengo ndi m'malo ocheperako adatchulidwa kuti ndi omwe amafunidwa kwambiri.
- Tikutchula mawu a Eskom omwe amati kuba mkuwa kumawononga chuma cha South Africa pakati pa R5 biliyoni ndi R7 biliyoni pachaka, ndipo kampaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zokwana R2 biliyoni pachaka posintha chingwe chobedwa.
- Chingwe cha CCS chimapereka mphamvu yoyendetsera magetsi ya IACS ya 15% mpaka 40% yokhala ndi mphamvu yokoka ya 560 mpaka 1040 MPa — yolimba kawiri kapena kasanu kuposa mkuwa wothira — pomwe pakati pake pachitsulo pamapangitsa kuti ikhale yopanda ntchito ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo osungira zinthu zakale.
- Mu mtengo wathu wotumizira kunja, chingwe cha CCS nthawi zambiri chimakhala pansi pa 25% mpaka 40% ya kondakitala yolimba ya mkuwa yofanana ndi mainchesi pa mita imodzi, makamaka chifukwa chakuti pakati pa chitsulo pamakhala m'malo mwa chitsulo chachikulu cholemera mkuwa.
- Nthawi zonse timayesa kusinthana kogwirizana ndi vuto m'malo mwa kukula kwake: choyamba gwirizanitsani gawo lofanana la mkuwa, kenako sankhani kuchuluka kwa zingwe, kalasi ya conductivity ndi ma clamp.
2 koloko m'mawa pa siteshoni yocheperako: kodi malipoti a zomwe zachitikazo akunena chiyani kwenikweni?
Mu zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zomwe tawerenga malipoti a zochitika, chochitika chimodzi chikubwerezabwereza. Pa chochitika chimenecho, wakuba akudula mpanda pamalo osungira anthu opanda anthu, akunyalanyaza zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo akupita mwachindunji ku mkuwa wosavuta komanso wotetezeka kwambiri pabwalo: michira ya nkhumba yokhazikika pazitsulo, ma jumper omangira mpanda ndi ma lead otsika pamitengo yakunja.TheUnduna wa Zamagetsi ku US wapereka lipoti lokhudza kuba kwa waya wa mkuwa kuchokera ku magetsiamalemba ndendende momwe zinthu zilili — akuba adayang'ana mawaya oyambira a mkuwa pamitengo yamagetsi, mkati mwa ma transformer ndi m'malo osinthira magetsi, ndipo chochitika china cholembedwa chinapangitsa kampani yamagetsi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya malo osinthira magetsi kuti akonze bwino mawaya oyambira omwe mbala idadula.Mu 2008 yokha, makampani 618 omwe adafunsidwa adalemba milandu 18,400 ya kuba mkuwa ndipo ndalama zokonzera zidakwana USD 22 miliyoni, ndipo anthu 13 adamwalira panthawi yomwe adayesa.
Timaona chitsanzo chomwecho kutali ndi America.Malinga ndichikalata chovomerezeka cha Eskom, kuba mkuwa kumawononga chuma cha South Africa pakati pa R5 biliyoni ndi R7 biliyoni pachaka, ndipo kampaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zokwana R2 biliyoni pachaka posintha mawaya obedwa. A Nkhani yofalitsidwa ndi boma la South Africaikubwerezanso ndalama zomwezo za R2 biliyoni ndipo ikunena kuti kuba mawayilesi a chingwe kumabweretsa kuzimitsa kwa nthawi yayitali komwe kumakhudza mabizinesi ndi ntchito zofunika. Ndimamva nkhani yomweyo m'makontinenti onse ndikalankhula ndi oyang'anira katundu wamagetsi: lamulo losintha silimakhala lovuta nthawi zambiri - kuzimitsa, kukhudzidwa ndi chitetezo komanso kubanso kubwerezabwereza.
Invoice yobisika: kodi kondakitala woyipa amawononga ndalama zingati kwenikweni?
Pamene chingwe cholumikizira pansi chatha, nthawi zonse ndimakumbutsa ogula kuti waya ndiye gawo lotsika mtengo kwambiri la vuto.Malinga ndi zomwe takumana nazo, ndalama zenizeni zimaphatikizapo gulu lokonza, kuzima kapena kutseka mphamvu, chiopsezo cha chitetezo pamene gridi ikuyenda popanda njira yake yolakwika, komanso kutsimikizika kuti wakubayo abweza mkuwa watsopano ukayikidwa.Kuwunika kwa DOE kukuwonetsa momveka bwino mfundo yachitetezo: makampani amagetsi afunika kuzimitsa magetsi kwa makasitomala ambiri kuti angokonza malo otsetsereka omwe awonongeka ndi kuba. Ndipo malo osinthira magetsi omwe atayika ma conductors a grounding si vuto la zachuma lokha - popanda njira yake yopangidwira nthaka, ma current current akuyang'ana njira zina, komanso ma voltage oyenda pang'onopang'ono kuzungulira bwalo amatha kupha munthu wotsatira amene alowa.
Ndimauza ogula kuti asiye kuyika bajeti ya kuba mkuwa ngati njira yokonzera zinthu, ndipo chifukwa chake ndi kubweranso mobwerezabwereza.Timatcha oda iliyonse yosinthira katundu kuti ndi chiitano chotseguka kuti mudzabwerenso, chifukwa mwangodzazanso katundu womwe msika wa zinyalala wa m'deralo ukugula.Taona kuti zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothawa vutoli zimasintha zinthuzo, osati loko yokha.
Kuwerenga kusintha kwa ma spec: bwanji kusintha kuchoka pa kusintha kwa mtundu wina kupita ku kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake?
Ndikuona njira yomveka bwino yosinthira mapangano omwe tawatchula m'zaka zingapo zapitazi momwe zofunikira zimasinthira pambuyo poti kuba mobwerezabwereza kwachitika. Malinga ndi zomwe takumana nazo, oda yoyamba yogulira imalowa m'malo mwa ngati. Yachiwiri imawonjezera makamera kapena oyang'anira. Pofika yachitatu, mainjiniya amalembanso muyezo womwewo - ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi pomwe bokosi langa la imelo limalandira chithunzi chokhala ndi "chitsulo chophimbidwa ndi mkuwa" cholembedwa pa cholembera cha kondakitala. Sitili tokha pakuwerenga uku - malangizo amakampani amalozera mbali yomweyo:Lipoti la CEATI pa njira zabwino zochepetsera kuba kwa mkuwaIkufotokoza momveka bwino njira zina m'malo mwa mkuwa, kusindikiza kwa conductor ndi kusintha kapangidwe kake ka nthaka yoposa kalasi ndi yochepera kalasi ngati njira zazikulu zochepetsera mavuto, pamodzi ndi mipanda, magetsi ndi njira zotsatirira malamulo.
Tikunena mosapita m'mbali: makamera ndi mipanda zimathandiza pochiza chizindikirocho; zipangizo zoyendetsera galimoto zimathandiza pochiza chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli.Popeza kuba ndi mlandu wa zachuma, njira yolimba kwambiri yochepetsera ndalama ndi yomwe imachotsa ndalama zomwe zimalowa - ndipo CCS imachita zimenezo pamene ikusunga magetsi. Gulu lathu lawona makampani amagetsi m'madera omwe anthu ambiri amaba zinthu moyenerera, CCS imayimira CCS pa munthu aliyense amene ali ndi ngongole yoposa ya kalasi, ndipo malipoti awo a kuba zinthu amangotha nthawi yomweyo pamsonkhano wodalirika wa mwezi uliwonse.
Manambala a uinjiniya: kodi wolemba zinthu ayenera kuyang'ana chiyani kwenikweni?
Sitilola nkhani yotsutsana ndi kuba kuti ikhululukire kapangidwe ka magetsi kofooka, choncho ndiloleni ndiyike manambala patebulo.Waya wa chingwe cha CCSndiwaya wophimbidwa ndi mkuwa wachitsulo choswekaMizere imapangidwa kuyambira pa zingwe 7 mpaka 37 zokhala ndi mainchesi kuyambira 4.2 mm mpaka 22.5 mm, wosanjikiza wa mkuwa wa 0.25 mm, ndi magulu a conductivity kuyambira 15% mpaka 40% IACS. Mphamvu yolimba imayambira pa 560 mpaka 1040 MPa, ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito yoyesedwa imaposa zaka 50. Kuti tidziwe, tsamba lathu limapereka zambiri.99.97% kondakitala wopangidwa ndi mkuwa woyeraMphamvu yamagetsi ya 90%+ imakwera kwambiri pamapangidwe omwe amafunikiradi mkuwa wolimba.
| Katundu | Chingwe cha CCS (mtundu wathu) | Chingwe cholimba cha mkuwa (chachizolowezi) | Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani m'bwalo lomwe anthu amaba kwambiri? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kuyendetsa bwino | 15%–40% IACS | ~100% IACS | Kukula kwa CCS kumawonjezera mainchesi imodzi kapena ziwiri kuti kugwirizane ndi vuto |
| Kulimba kwamakokedwe | 560–1040 MPa | ~220 MPa yolumikizidwa | CCS imakana kudula ndi kutambasula bwino kwambiri |
| Chigawo cha mkuwa | Ochepa a woyendetsa | 100% | Mtengo wa CCS ndi gawo la mkuwa wolimba |
| Moyo wautumiki | >zaka 50 | >zaka 50 | Palibe chilango cha moyo wonse pakusinthana |
| Mtengo wa zinthu (ndalama zomwe timatumiza kunja) | Kutsika ndi 25%–40% pa mita imodzi | Chiyambi | CCS nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo kugula, osati kungosunga |
| Kuchepetsa khama | Masamba apakati achitsulo chapamwamba | Zochepa | Akuba asiya kudula pakati |
Chingwe cha CCS chimawononga ndalama zochepera 25% mpaka 40% kuposa kondakitala yolimba yamkuwa yofanana ndi mainchesi ofanana mu mitengo yathu yotumizira kunja, makamaka chifukwa chakuti chitsulo chapakati chimalowa m'malo mwa chitsulo chachikulu chomwe chimayendetsa mtengo.Timakonda kunena kuti kusiyana kumeneku kumakula nthawi iliyonse pamene mkuwa ukugunda, zomwe ndi nthawi yomwe kuba kumawonjezeka — woyendetsa wotsutsa kuba amakhala wotsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi mkuwa nthawi yomweyo pamene mukuufuna kwambiri.
Kukula kwa kusinthana ndi udindo wolakwika: chifukwa chiyani kukopera m'mimba mwake kumasokeretsa?
Ndimaona cholakwika chimodzi mobwerezabwereza mu ma CCS oyamba: kukopera m'mimba mwake wa mkuwa molunjika. Tawona njira imeneyi ikuchepetsa mphamvu ya kondakitala.Chingwe cha IACS CCS cha 30% chimafunika malo ozungulira a conductor wamkuwa omwe amalowa m'malo mwake pafupifupi nthawi 1.7 kuti chigwire ntchito yofanana, kotero njira yolondola yogwirira ntchito ndi iyi: kuwerengera gawo lofanana la mkuwa, kenako sankhani kalasi ya CCS diameter ndi conductivity yomwe imakwaniritsa.Zingwe zathu zimaphimba mawaya 7 mpaka 37 okhala ndi mainchesi a monofilament a 1.4 mm mpaka 3.2 mm, kotero pafupifupi callout iliyonse yakale ya mkuwa ili ndi CCS yofanana ndi sitepe imodzi yomwe imagwirabe ntchito zomangira zokhazikika komanso zoumba za exothermic.
Ndikukufunirani chenjezo limodzi loona kuchokera kumunda.Timakhulupirira kuti CCS ndiye yankho lolondola la kuyika pansi, kulumikiza ndi kupondereza, koma silolowa m'malo mwa mkuwa uliwonse.— ma feeder amphamvu komanso mapulogalamu ena a telecom akadali ndi mkuwa wolimba, ndipo mzere wathu wa 99.97% wa mkuwa ulipo pazochitika zimenezo. Tikuganiza kuti wogulitsa wodalirika amakuuzani komwe malire ali m'malo mogulitsa CCS pa chilichonse.
Wophunzira wokonzekera kulowa m'malo mwa CCS
Ikani chizindikiro pa zinthu zomwe mwakonza kale. Wopereka zigoli akuwonetsa momwe zofunikira zanu zosinthira zilili zokwanira.
1/8 — gawo loyambirira. Titumizireni fault duty yanu ndi diameter yomwe ilipo, ndipo tidzalemba zina zonse pamodzi nanu.
Nkhani yaikulu ndi yakuti - koma kodi makampani abwino kwambiri amateteza bwanji makasitomala awo?
Mu katundu wathu wotumizidwa, chingwe cha CCS chimagwira ntchito yonyamula katundu wolemera, ndipo makampani omwe ali ndi ziwerengero zolondola kwambiri za kuba amaphatikiza izi ndi zizolowezi ziwiri zotsika mtengo. Choyamba, tikukulimbikitsani kulemba chizindikiro cha kondakitala: malangizo a CEATI amalemba kusindikiza kwa kondakitala pakati pa njira zake zopewera, ndipo titha kupereka chizindikiro cha chingwe chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kugulitsanso kuwonekere bwino.Chachiwiri, tikupempha ukhondo wogula - mfundo yomwe imatchula kalasi ya conductivity, makulidwe a mkuwa, kuchuluka kwa ma tensile ndi kuchuluka kwa zingwe sizimasiya malo oti zinthu zofewa, zamkuwa zambiri zilowe m'malo mwa zinthu zofewa komanso zolemera zilowe m'malo mwa zinthu zofewa panthawi yoyika.
Kuchokera kumbali yathu ya tebulo: kodi lamulo loti munthu alowe m'malo mwake chifukwa cha kuba limawoneka bwanji?
Timaona liwiro kukhala lofunika kwambiri ngati mtengo pamene kampani kapena wogulitsa wake atilembera kalata pambuyo pa ngozi. Fakitale yathu ku Xinchang imayendetsa fakitale ya 3,000 m² yokhala ndi antchito opanga oposa 40 ndi gulu la anthu 5 lofufuza ndi chitukuko, imatumiza kunja kumayiko opitilira 60, ndipo imatha kupanga mpaka mamita 100,000 a chingwe cha CCS pamwezi. Ubwino umagwira ntchito motsatira dongosolo la ISO 9001 - mutha kutsimikizira tanthauzo la satifiketiyo patsamba lovomerezeka la ISO 9001— ndi kwa ogula omwe akufuna kuyesa kwa magetsi kwa anthu ena pazinthu zoyambira,CEPRI (China Electric Power Research Institute)ndi bungwe lodziwika bwino lomwe malipoti ake amavomereza mabungwe a ma tender. Kutumiza kwathu komwe kunalembedwa kunafika pa USD 15 miliyoni mu 2022, ndipo gawo lalikulu la kuchuluka kumeneku tsopano limatumizidwa kumakampani opanga zinthu zomangira nyumba zomwe zawonongeka ndi kuba.
Ndimasunga mfundo zitatu zothandiza mu mawu aliwonse osinthira:Timanyamula chingwe ndi mpukutu malinga ndi kutalika komwe mwasankha, timatumiza kuchokera ku Shanghai kapena Ningbo, ndikukonza zikalata zonse zotumizira kunja — invoice, mndandanda wa zonyamula, satifiketi yoyambira ndi satifiketi yoyesera — chidebe chisanatseke.Ngati mukusintha ma network m'malo osiyanasiyana, titha kukhala ndi malo osinthira ma network kotero kuti maoda obwerezabwereza atumizidwe popanda kukambirana kwatsopano nthawi yoyambira. Mutha kuwona zonse mu ulalo wathu.gulu la waya wachitsulo wophimbidwa ndi mkuwa.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi chingwe cha CCS chimapukuta cholakwika bwino ngati mkuwa wolimba?
Timayankha inde, bola ngati kukula kwake kuli kogwirizana ndi vuto osati kukula kwake. Kondakitala wa CCS wokhala ndi 30% kapena 40% IACS, wokwera kukula kamodzi kapena kawiri, amakhala ndi vuto lomwelo monga mkuwa womwe umalowa m'malo mwake, ndipo nthawi zonse ndimalimbikitsa injiniya wopanga mapulani kuti atsimikizire gawo lofanana la mkuwa tisanatchule.
N’chifukwa chiyani akuba amanyalanyaza chingwe cha CCS pambuyo pa chochitika choyamba?
Chifukwa chuma chimatha, monga taonera m'maakaunti athu amagetsi. Chitsulo chapakati chimatanthauza kuti mita imodzi ya CCS ili ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la mkuwa mu conductor yolimba, mayadi otsala salipira ndalama zambiri, ndipo chitsulo chapakati chimalepheretsa zida zodulira zomwe akuba amanyamula. Nkhani imafalikira mwachangu m'maukonde akuba za mayadi omwe sali oyeneranso kuopsezedwa.
Kodi chingwe cha CCS chikuvomerezedwa mu miyezo yamagetsi?
Tikulangiza ogula kuti atsatire malangizo ochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi monga lipoti la CEATI la kuba mkuwa, lomwe limafotokoza momveka bwino njira zina m'malo mwa ma conductor a mkuwa, ndipo fakitale yathu imapereka CCS muzofunikira zamagetsi ndi ma EPC m'maiko opitilira 60. Tikudziwa kuti kuvomereza nthawi zonse kumagwirizana ndi muyezo wakomweko, kotero ndikulangiza kuti mutumize kalasi ya conductivity ndi satifiketi yoyesera kwa mainjiniya anu musanapereke.
Ndi kalasi iti ya conductivity yomwe ndiyenera kusankha poyika pansi pa siteshoni?
Nthawi zambiri ndimatchula 30% IACS pa nkhani yolumikiza mpanda ndi michira ya nkhumba yoposa kalasi; counterpoise ndi kuthamanga kwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri zimayimira 40%. Kuwerengera kwa fault-current kumasankha, ndipo timapanga magulu a 15%, 21%, 30% ndi 40% pamtundu womwewo wa 7-to-37-strands.
Kodi chingwe cha CCS chingalumikizidwe ndi exothermically ngati mkuwa?
Inde — timalukira chingwe cha CCS ndi zinyalala zokhazikika za exothermic zofanana ndi kukula kwa chingwe, ndipo pakati pa chitsulo sichisokoneza chinyalalacho. Timapereka zinyalala zofanana ndi zitsulo zolukira, kuti cholumikizira ndi kondakitala zichokere kuchokera ku chinthu chimodzi.
Kodi oda yosinthira ingatumizidwe mwachangu bwanji pambuyo pa kuba?
Kuchuluka kwa mwezi uliwonse kwa chingwe cha CCS kumafika mamita 100,000, ndipo mainchesi okhazikika amasuntha mwachangu kuchokera pamizere yathu. Ndimakonza invoice, mndandanda wa zolongedza, satifiketi yoyambira ndi satifiketi yoyesera nthawi imodzi ndi kupanga kotero kuti seti ya zikalata isakhale vuto lalikulu.
Kodi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale adzakanadi CCS?
Timapeza kuti mayadi ambiri ovomerezeka amaphunzira kuzindikira chitsulo chophimbidwa ndi mkuwa mwachangu - kuyesa kwa maginito kumavumbula pakati pa masekondi. Ena amavomerezabe pamitengo yofanana ndi chitsulo, zomwe ndi mfundo yeniyeni: ndalama zomwe zimathandizira kuba mkuwa mwadongosolo sizilipo.
Kulembanso muyezo wanu woyambira pambuyo pa kuba?
Titumizireni ndondomeko ya kondakitala kuchokera ku zomwe zidabedwa — kapena kungofunika kwa cholakwika ndi kukula komwe mudagwiritsa ntchito kale — ndipo tidzabweza chingwe chofanana ndi cha CCS chokhala ndi kalasi ya conductivity, kuchuluka kwa chingwe, clamp ndi mold fit, komanso mtengo wa fakitale.
Jane Yang— Woyang'anira Malonda, Xinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd.
Jane wakhala zaka 12 akugwira ntchito yotumiza kunja kwa fakitale yathu yoteteza nthaka ndi mphezi, kuthandiza makampani amagetsi, ogwira ntchito pa gridi ndi ogulitsa kuti apeze ma conductors oletsa kuba, chingwe cha CCS ndi zinthu zachitsulo zokhala ndi mkuwa ndi mayeso athunthu ndi chithandizo cholembedwa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-14-2026