Uma ukumelana nenhlabathi kukhuphuka kudlula ama-ohm-metres angamakhulu ambalwa, i-electrode yokumisa yamakhemikhali ivame ukufinyelela ukumelana okuqondiwe ngeyunithi eyodwa noma ezimbili lapho induku evamile idinga khona insimu yonke yazo - kodwa enhlabathini evamile engaphansi kwama-Ω·m ayi-100, induku evamile eboshwe ngethusi ihlala iyimpendulo elula futhi engabizi kakhulu. Ngichithe iminyaka eyishumi nambili ngithumela imikhiqizo yomibili efektri yethu ye-Xinchang, futhi iphethini emlandweni wethu we-oda lihambisana ngokuphawulekayo: onjiniyela bephrojekthi beza kithi ngemuva kokuba i-array yenduku evamile yehluleke ukuhlolwa kwayo kokwamukelwa emhlabathini onedwala, onesihlabathi, noma othambekele esomile. I-electrode yamakhemikhali iyasebenza.ngobaAyinciki enhlabathini yemvelo yodwa — ikhipha kancane kancane ama-ion aqhubayo endaweni ezungezile, yehlisa ukumelana kwendawo futhi ibambe isisekelo sokufunda phakathi nezinkathi zemvula nezomile. Induku evamile, ngokuphambene, isebenza kahle kakhulu njengenhlabathi oyishayela kuyo. Lesi sihloko siwukuqhathanisa engikubheka kosonkontileka be-EPC ngaphambi kokuba bachaze noma yikuphi, besebenzisa amapharamitha wangempela wesistimu yethu yokumba ngamakhemikhali ye-AF-0200 kanye nenduku yomhlabathi embozwe ngethusi ye-AF-0232 kunezithembiso zencwajana.
- Enhlabathini ekwazi ukumelana nezifo (enamatshe, enesihlabathi, neyomile), i-electrode eyodwa yokumisa yamakhemikhali ivame ukuthatha indawo ye-array evamile enezinduku eziningi,ngobaindlela yayo yokukhulula ama-ion kanye nokugcwalisa okune-hygroscopic kunciphisa indlela yokumelana ephumelelayo esikhundleni sokuyinweba nje ngokujulile.
- Induku evamile eboshwe ngethusi (i-AF-0232 yethu: ububanzi obungu-14.2–25 mm, ubude obungu-1.2–3.0 m, ungqimba lwethusi oluyi-≥0.254 mm phezu kwesembozo esimsulwa esingu-99.95%) iyithuluzi elifanele lapho ukumelana nenhlabathi kuphakathi nendawo futhi ukujula kokushayela kungavinjelwe.
- Ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali okumboza umhlabathi kuhlala cishe kuphansi phakathi nezinkathi zonyaka,ngobaUkumuncwa kwamanzi kanye nokuziphatha kokushintshana kwama-ion kuvimbela ukuguquguquka komswakama okunyusa ukufundwa kwezinduku ezivamile ezinyangeni ezomile.
- Akukho mkhiqizo othethelela ukwenziwa kocwaningo lwenhlabathi olungaphumelelanga: Ngicela wonke amaqembu ephrojekthi isilinganiso sokumelana ne-Wenner-method perI-ASTM G57ngaphambi kokuthi sincome noma iyiphi i-electrode.
Inhlabathi Enamandla Okumelana Nezimo Eziphezulu: Kungani Iphula Imiklamo Ejwayelekile Yokumisa Inhlabathi?
Ukumelana komhlaba kwenduku eyodwa eqondile kulawulwa ubudlelwano obulula ngendlela ekhohlisayo: ukumelana kulinganiswa cishe ngokuqondile nokumelana nomhlabathi futhi kulinganiswa kuphela ngokulingana kwenduku. Lokho kungalingani kuyinkinga yonke.Ngoba ugesi uhlakazeka ngobuningi bomhlabathi kunokuba uhlakazeke ngenduku uqobo, ukuphinda kabili ubude benduku kusukela ku-1.5 m kuya ku-3.0 m kuthuthukisa ukufundwa okunenjongo, kodwa ukuphinda kabili ububanzi bayo kuthenga okuncane kakhulu. Uma sixhuma ukumelana nendawo enamatshe okungu-800 Ω·m kufomula ejwayelekile yenduku eyodwa, ngisho nenduku egcwele engu-3 m eboshwe ngethusi ibuye nokufundwa okwehluleka kakhulu yizimfuneko eziningi zokwamukelwa kokuvikela umbani — futhi angikaze ngihlangane nethimba lendawo elijabulela ukuxhuma nokushayela izinduku eziyishumi lapho imidwebo ithatha khona ezimbili.
Ukuphunyuka okuvamile konke kuhlukahluka ngamandla amakhulu: shayela ujule, shayela izinduku eziningi, noma umsele kuma-conductor amade avundlile. Ngayinye isebenza kuze kube yilapho indawo ibuyela emuva. Amashalofu amatshe amisa izinduku ekujuleni kwengxenye. Izindawo eziminyene zasemadolobheni - isimo sesibili i-electrode yethu yamakhemikhali eyaklanyelwa sona - azinandawo yensimu yenduku ebanzi. Futhi ezindaweni ezomile ukufundwa okwadlula ngesikhathi semvula kukhuphukela phezulu lapho inhlabathi ephezulu yoma, yingakho amakhasimende ethu eMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Asia Ephakathi ephatha ukuzinza kwesizini njengencazelo yekilasi lokuqala, hhayi into yokucabanga kamuva.
Ukufundwa Kokumelana Okuvela Ensimini: Yikuphi Ukushintsha Lapho I-Electrode Yondla Inhlabathi?
I-electrode yokumisa yamakhemikhali iguqula indlela evamile. Iyunithi yethu ye-AF-0200 iyishubhu ye-alloy engagqwali — enomzimba wethusi esakhiweni esijwayelekile — egcina indawo ye-ionic futhi ihlala ngaphakathi kokugcwaliswa kwamakhemikhali angokwenyama akhethelwe ukumuncwa kwamanzi, ukumuncwa kanye nokushintshaniswa kwama-ion. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi i-electrode ikhipha ama-ion aqhubayo kuleyo kholamu yomhlabathi ezungezile, yehlisa kancane kancane ukumelana nendawo eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu: inhlabathi ezungeze i-electrode lapho ukumelana kukhiqizwa khona ngempela. Sichaza indlela kumakhasimende ngokuthi “ukwelapha lesi sifo kunokuba kube uphawu,”ngobai-electrode ithuthukisa indawo yomqhubi esikhundleni sokucela insimbi eyengeziwe ukulwa neyobutha.
Izindlela ezintathu zokuziphatha zasensimini zilandela leyo ndlela, futhi yizo engizicaphuna ezithunyelweni zobuchwepheshe. Okokuqala, ukumelana okulinganisiwe kuhlala cishe kungashintshi phakathi kwezinkathi zemvula nezomile - i-backfill igcina umswakama futhi ivimbele ukujikijeleka okuzwakala yinduku engenalutho ngokugcwele. Okwesibili, indawo ephansi iyancipha kakhulu: iyunithi eyodwa eqondile enekholomu yayo ye-backfill ithatha ingxenye yendawo ye-array yenduku elinganayo, yingakho incwadi yethu yoku-oda eningi kakhulu yalo mkhiqizo ivela eziteshini ezincane zedolobha kanye nasezindaweni zezimboni ezigcwele izakhiwo. Okwesithathu, ukulungiswa kwehla kuye ku-zero - akukho simiso sokunisela futhi akukho ukwelashwa okuphindaphindiwe kwesevisi evamile, futhi ukwakhiwa kwe-alloy kusekela impilo yesevisi yeminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu ekucacisweni kwethu kokukhiqiza.
Nokho, ngifuna ukwethembeka ngemingcele,ngobaUkuthembisa ngokweqile lo mkhiqizo yindlela amaphrojekthi agcina ngayo ngokuhlolwa kokwamukelwa okwenqatshiwe. I-electrode yamakhemikhali ayiwona umlingo: isalalela i-physics efanayo, futhi ukumelana kwayo kokugcina kusaxhomeke enhlabathini enkulu ngale kwendawo ephathwe ngayo. Emhlabathini omelana kakhulu ithatha ithagethi kusukela "kungenzeki ngaphandle kwepulazi lenduku" iye "kumayunithi elilodwa noma amabili kanye nesilinganiso esiqinisekisiwe" - empeleni umehluko phakathi komklamo wokufaka ofanelana nendawo kanye nalowo ongafanelani nendawo. Yingakho futhi isinyathelo sokugcina sokufakwa ngakunye esikusekelayo siwukuhlolwa okulinganiselwe kokuwa kwamandla, hhayi ukucabanga ngamaphepha.
I-Chemical Electrode noma i-Conventional Rod: Yikuphi Okuphumelelayo Ezilinganisweni Eziyisithupha Ezibalulekile?
Uma unkontileka we-EPC esithumelela i-grounding BOQ, sithola amaphuzu womabili izinketho ngokuqhathanisa nezilinganiso eziyisithupha ezifanayo ngaphambi kokuba sicaphune. Ithebula elingezansi yilelo qhathaniso, nemingcele evela ezinhlotsheni zethu zokukhiqiza - hhayi ububanzi bemboni ejwayelekile. Akukho mugqa "ongcono" esifinyezweni; ngamunye uwina ubukhulu obunqotshwa yi-physics yawo.
| Ubukhulu | I-Electrode Yokumisa Amakhemikhali (i-AF-0200 yethu) | Induku Ejwayelekile Eboshwe Ngethusi (i-AF-0232 yethu) | Ukuhunyushwa Kwensimu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indlela yokusebenza | Ukukhishwa kwe-ion ku-hygroscopic backfill kunciphisa ukumelana nenhlabathi yendawo | I-electrode yensimbi ihlakazeka enhlabathini yemvelo njengoba itholakale | I-Chemical iphatha inhlabathi; isetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile ithembele kuyo |
| Ukusebenza okuphezulu kokumelana | Ifinyelela ukumelana okuphansi komgomo ngamayunithi angu-1-2 emhlabathini onamatshe/onesihlabathi/owomile | Ngokuvamile kudinga uhla lwezinduku eziningi noma ukubhoboza okujulile ukuze kufinyelelwe inani elifanayo | I-Chemical iwina ngokunamandla ngaphezu kwama-Ω·m angamakhulu ambalwa |
| Ukuzinza kwesizini | Ukumelana cishe okuyisicaba okumanzi kuya komile; ukugcwalisa okugcwele umswakama oshintshashintshayo | Ukufunda kuyaphakama njengoba inhlabathi engaphezulu yoma; izinduku ezijulile ziyanciphisa kancane | Ukunqoba kwamakhemikhali ezimweni zezulu ezomile nezimvula |
| Isisekelo kanye nokufakwa | Iyunithi eyodwa eqondile + ikholomu yokugcwalisa emuva; ukumba okuncane, akukho nsimu enkulu yenduku | Izinduku eziqhutshwayo ezingama-14.2–25 mm ububanzi, 1.2–3.0 m, ama-pcs ayi-10/i-PVC bundle; ama-array adinga indawo | Ukunqoba kwamakhemikhali ezindaweni eziqinile zasemadolobheni; ukuwina okuvamile endaweni evulekile |
| Impilo yesevisi kanye nezindinganiso | Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, i-alloy engagqwali; umshini wokugaya we-ISO 9001; ama-compounds ahambisanaI-IEC 62561-7i-logic yokuhlola | ≥iminyaka engama-50; ≥ungqimba lwethusi olungama-0.254 mm, ungqimba oluhlanzekile olungaphezulu kwama-99.95% phezu kwensimbi engaphansi kwekhabhoni ephansi | Zombili ziyimpahla ehlala isikhathi eside; amadokhumenti ahluka ngomndeni ojwayelekile |
| Ukunikezwa kanye nokuthuthwa kwempahla | Umthamo wama-pcs ayi-10,000–50,000 ngenyanga; Ishubhu eli-1 le-pc/le-PVC, amashubhu ayi-10/ibhokisi lokhuni; Amachweba aseNingbo/eShanghai | 50,000 ama-pcs ngenyanga; 10 ama-pcs/inqwaba, 20–50 amaphakheji/iphalethi; Amachweba aseNingbo/Shanghai | Zombili izitsha zithunyelwa ngezinga; amayunithi amakhemikhali apakisha kakhulu ngengxenye ngayinye |
Funda umugqa wesithathu kabili uma iphrojekthi yakho isesimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu noma esihlane,ngobaukuzulazula kwesizini yikona okuvame ukuguqula isivivinyo sokugunyazwa esidlulisiwe sibe ukuhlolwa kokulungisa okuhlulekile eminyakeni emibili kamuva. Sibe namakhasimende asho izinduku ezivamile ukuze asindise kubhili lokuqala lezinto zokwakha, bese ebuyisela amayunithi amakhemikhali ngemva kokuhlolwa kabusha kokuqala kwesizini esomile - uchungechunge engixwayisa ngalo manje ocingweni lokuqala lobuchwepheshe kunelesithathu. Ngezakhiwo zesiteshi esincane kanye nokuvikela umbani ezilawulwa yiI-IEEE Std 80 or I-NFPA 780, umbandela wokwamukela uyinani elilinganiselwe ekudlulisweni nasekuphileni, ngakho-ke i-electrode egcina ukufundwa kwayo yi-electrode egcina isitifiketi.
Iqiniso Lokufakwa: Ingabe Iqembu Lakho Lingakha Ngempela Lokho Okucatshangwa Umdwebo?
Imidwebo icabanga ukuthi inhlabathi iyasebenza. Abasebenzi bazi kangcono. Ukufakwa kwenduku evamile kulula kakhulu uma umhlaba ubambisana: ukushayela, ukubopha, ukukala, ukuhamba. Izinduku zethu ze-AF-0232 zithumela izinqwaba eziyi-10 ephaketheni le-PVC kanye nezinqwaba ezingama-20-50 ephalethini ngokunembile.ngobaukufakwa kwevolumu kuyinto evamile. Kodwa ubulula obufanayo buba yisibopho lapho nje ishalofu ledwala livela ku-1.2 m, noma umngcele wesakhiwo awushiyi ndawo ye-array njengoba kubalwa kudinga. Ngibukeze izithombe zephrojekthi lapho izinduku ezihlanganisiwe zigobile eceleni ngaphansi kwesando ngoba imidwebo ayikaze ilindele ukwenqatshwa - lokho akuyona inkinga yobuciko, kuyinkinga yokucacisa.
I-electrode yamakhemikhali ihweba ngokushayela njengokwemba. Iqembu livula noma limbe imbobo eyodwa eqondile, livale iyunithi kukholomu yayo yokugcwalisa, lixhuma intambo kugridi, bese ligcwalisa emuva ngezendlalelo. Kungumsebenzi wobuciko kakhulu ngephuzu ngalinye, futhi ngikusho ngokucacile ezingcaphunweni - kodwa ithatha indawo yezintambo ezinhlanu noma eziyishumi ezinqatshiwe ngokufakwa okukodwa okulawulwayo.Ngenxa yokuthi ikholomu yokugcwalisa emuva idala indawo yokumelana okuphansi esikhundleni sokuyifuna ekujuleni, imbobo eyodwa yenza umsebenzi wensimu yezinduku.Ukuze kulungiswe kabusha izinto ezivikela umbani ngaphakathi kwezikhungo zokusebenza, lapho amafasitela okumba elinganiswa ngamahora, ukufakwa kwephuzu elilodwa ngokuvamile kuyindlela kuphela indawo ezovuma.
Ukugcinwa Kwezinto Ezingaphezu Kweminyaka Engu-50: Ingabe Inzuzo Yamakhemikhali Iyasinda Esabelomali Sokugcinwa Kwezinto Ezingadingeki?
Yomibili imikhiqizo ichazwe ngesikhathi sempilo yenkonzo yeminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu kudatha yethu yokukhiqiza, ngakho umehluko awukona ukuhlala isikhathi eside - yilokho okwenzeka ekufundeni endleleni. Ukumelana kwenduku evamile kuyisisulu somswakama wenhlabathi, futhi ezimweni zezulu ezomile noma zemvula, ithimba lokulungisa lithola isibopho sokuhlolwa kabusha kwesizini, izindlela zokunisela ngezikhathi ezithile, kanye nokutholwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthi igridi ayisahlangabezani nenani layo lokuklama. Indawo ephathwe yi-electrode yamakhemikhali igcina ukumelana kwayo ngokuqinile, okuguqula lokho kuvezwa kokugcinwa okuphindaphindiwe kube ukuqinisekiswa ngezikhathi ezithile esikhundleni sokulungiswa okuphindaphindiwe.Ngobaukushintshaniswa kwama-ion kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwenza i-buffering, i-electrode ayiceli lutho eqenjini lokulungisa elisesevisini evamile.
Isexwayiso esisodwa engisifaka kuzo zonke iziphakamiso,ngobakusivikela sobabili: noma iyiphi inhlanganisela ekhulisa umhlabathi kumele ihlanzeke futhi ivikeleke ekugqwaleni kwensimbi egqitshwe eduze. Yilokho kanyeI-IEC 62561-7izivivinyo — ukuvuza, okuqukethwe kwe-sulfur, ukumelana, i-pH kanye nokuziphatha kokugqwala — futhi umndeni ojwayelekile ukwakheka kwethu kwe-compound okuhambisana nawo. Uma umhlinzeki engakwazi ukukutshela ukuthi i-backfill yakhe iziphatha kanjani esivivinyweni sokuvuza, lokho kuthula kuyimpendulo yakho. Ngingathanda ukuhambisa iklayenti embikweni wokuhlolwa kunokulungisa.
Kufanele Uyichaze Kanjani I-Electrode Efanele? Indlela Yokukhetha Enezinyathelo Ezinhlanu
Nansi indlela ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela eliqhuba ngayo nonjiniyela bephrojekthi, ngokulandelana esikwenza ngempela:
- Kala inhlabathi kuqala.Khomishana ucwaningo lwe-Wenner lwama-electrode amaneI-ASTM G57endaweni yangempela, ezindaweni eziningi — inani lokumelana elibolekiwe elivela kusakhiwo esiseduze yindlela amagridi ahlulekile aqala ngayo.
- Lungisa ukumelana okuqondiwe kanye nesisekelo sako.Ukuvikelwa kombani, ukuphepha kwesiteshi esincane ngokwe-IEEE 80, kanye nokufakwa komhlaba kwemishini kuphethe izinhloso ezahlukene; bhala inombolo kanye nezinga layo kumininingwane.
- Zama ukwakheka okuvamile ngokwethembeka.Yenza imodeli yohlu lwenduku oluvunyelwe indawo yesayithi; uma lufika endaweni ehlosiwe ngomkhawulo wokumelana okulinganisiwe, chaza izinduku zethu ezimbozwe ngethusi bese ulondoloza amayunithi amakhemikhali lapho edingeka khona.
- Khuphukela kuma-electrode amakhemikhali lapho imodeli yehluleka khona.Ukumelana okuphezulu, idwala elivame ukwenqaba, inhlabathi ephezulu evame ukuba nesomiso, noma indawo engayifanelani nesakhiwo — noma yikuphi kwalokhu kuyisizathu esanele,ngobangayinye inqoba umbono oyinhloko womklamo ojwayelekile.
- Vala ngokuqinisekiswa okulinganisiwe.Ukuhlolwa okungenzeka kube khona lapho kudluliselwa, umphumela uqoshwe ngokumelene nomgomo — isitifiketi sisekelwe ekulinganisweni, hhayi eshidini ledatha lomkhiqizo.
Kumaphrojekthi achaza indlela yamakhemikhali,uhlelo lokufaka umhlaba ngamakhemikhali(AF-0200) ithunyelwa njengeyunithi ephelele ene-ionic medium yayo kanye ne-connection lead, kanye ne-standalonei-electrode yokumisa amakhemikhaliikhasi libala ukucushwa kokuthumela ngaphandle; umndeni ogcwele uhlala ngaphansi kwe-isigaba se-electrode yokumisa amakhemikhaliLapho inhlolovo ithi okuvamile kwanele,induku yomhlabathi embozwe ngethusi(AF-0232) ihlanganisa ububanzi obusukela ku-14.2 mm kuya ku-25 mm ubude obufika ku-3.0 m. Uma usahlela indawo yomhlinzeki walo mkhiqizo, isifinyezo sethu sangaphambilini sokuhlela se-abakhiqizi benduku yomhlabathi ye-ion ye-electrolytic ka-2025ikhombisa indlela esibona ngayo insimu yokuncintisana — sithemba ukuthi ibhalwe ngokwethembeka njengefektri eyazi izimbangi zayo ngamagama.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa: Lokho Onjiniyela Bephrojekthi Abasibuza Khona Ngaphambi Kokuchaza Ama-Electrode Amakhemikhali
Kungayiphi indlela yokumelana nenhlabathi okufanele sishintshele kuyo kusukela ezindongeni siye kuma-electrode amakhemikhali?
Akukho ukunqamula okujwayelekile, ngoba impendulo incike ekumelaneni kwakho nomgomo, indawo etholakalayo kanye nokujula okushayelwayo. Njengomthetho osebenzayo kusukela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kwephrojekthi: ngaphansi kwama-Ω·m ayi-100, izinduku ezivamile zivame ukuhlangabezana nomgomo ngokunethezeka; phakathi kwama-Ω·m ayi-100 nama-500, uhlu olujwayelekile luqala ukukhula lube lukhulu futhi i-hybrid ifanele ukumodela; ngaphezu kwalokho, noma kuphi lapho ukujula kokushayela kwenqatshwa yidwala, ama-electrode amakhemikhali aba yinto ezenzakalelayo. Sithumelele inhlolovo yakho yeWenner futhi sizomodela kokubili.
Ingabe ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali emhlabeni kuyasebenza ngempela phakathi nezinkathi zesomiso?
Yebo, futhi indlela yokusebenza yiyo imbangela. I-backfill compound ikhethwa ukuze imunce amanzi, imunce futhi ishintshe ama-ion, ngakho-ke igcina umswakama futhi ivimbele ukujiya kokumelana okuthola inhlabathi engenalutho. Amakhasimende ethu ezindaweni ezomile achaza umkhiqizo ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yalokhu kuzinza kwesizini; ukufundwa kokugunyazwa kanye nokuhlolwa kabusha kwesizini eyomile kuhlala kuseduze kakhulu enkonzweni evamile.
Ingabe amakhemikhali azokwenza izinto ezingcolisayo zingcolise umsebenzi wethu wensimbi okhona kakade?
Inhlanganisela ethuthukisa umhlaba eyenziwe kahle akufanele, futhi yilokhu kanye okuhlolwa yi-IEC 62561-7: ukuziphatha kokukhuhla, okuqukethwe kwesalfure, ukumelana, i-pH kanye nomthwalo wokugqwala. Indlela yethu yokwenza izinto ihambisana naleyo ndlela yokuhlola. Uma uqhathanisa abahlinzeki, cela indlela yokuziphatha kwenhlanganisela uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo zinto zokuhlola kunokuba ucele isimangalo "esingaboli".
Zingaki ama-electrode amakhemikhali adingwa yisiteshi esincane esivamile?
Kuncike ekulinganisweni kokumelana kwenhlabathi, inani eliqondiwe kanye nokuhlelwa kwegridi — iyunithi eyodwa ngephuzu elibalulekile ivamile, kanti ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zezindawo ezinkulu noma ngaphezulu ezimelana nokumelana. Sibala inani kusuka kudatha yakho yocwaningo lweWenner kunokucaphuna umthetho wendawo ngayinye, ngoba ukuguquguquka kwenhlabathi kwenza imithetho yendawo ingathembeki.
Ingabe ama-electrode amakhemikhali nezinduku ezivamile zingaxutshwa kugridi eyodwa?
Yebo, futhi imiklamo ye-hybrid ivamile: izinduku ezivamile lapho inhlabathi ibambisana khona, ama-electrode amakhemikhali ezindaweni lapho imodeli ye-array yehluleka khona noma isikhala siphela khona. Zombili zixhuma ohlelweni olufanayo lomqhubi wegridi, futhi sivame ukuthumela yomibili imikhiqizo ngokulandelana okukodwa ngenxa yalesi sizathu.
Yiziphi izinto zokupakisha kanye nezokuhlela ngesikhathi sokufika kwama-oda okuthumela kwamanye amazwe?
Izinhlelo zokufaka inhlabathi ngamakhemikhali zipakisha iyunithi eyodwa ngepayipi le-PVC kanye namashubhu ayishumi ngebhokisi lokhuni; izinduku zethusi zipakisha eziyishumi ngephakethe le-PVC kanye namashubhu angamashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amahlanu ngephalethi. Zombili zithunyelwa nge-Ningbo noma eShanghai. Umthamo wanyanga zonke ufinyelela ezingcezu eziyi-10,000–50,000 zamayunithi amakhemikhali kanye nezingcezu eziyi-50,000 zamashubhu, ngakho-ke ama-oda esikali sesitsha ajwayelekile kithi.
Sithumelele inhlolovo yakho yokumelana nenhlabathi (indlela kaWenner), ukumelana kwakho okuqondiwe, kanye nokwakheka kwendawo yakho — ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lizobuyisa ukuqhathanisa okulingisiwe kwezinduku ezivamile uma kuqhathaniswa nama-electrode amakhemikhali endaweni yakho ethile, ngobuningi kanye nohlu lokupakisha.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-29-2026