Kurwisa makambani emagetsikuba mhangura mumidziyo yevhuvari kuchinja chinyararire zvavanoda: pachinzvimbo chekutsiva maconductor emhangura akabiwa nemhangura yakafanana, nhamba iri kukura yevatariri vemidziyo ikozvino vari kusarudza tambo yesimbi yakaputirwa nemhangura (CCS) yesimbi dzinoshandiswa pasi dzinopfuura mwero, fenzi yekubatanidza uye counterpoise.Tinoona pfungwa dziri nyore - tambo yeCCS inotakura jira remhangura rakachena re 0.25 mm pamusoro pesimbi, saka inoita basa remagetsi asi ine chidimbu chidiki chemutengo wemarara emhangura yakasimba, uye muruzivo rwedu rwekutumira kunze kwenyika shanduko imwe chete iyoyo inobvisa nyaya yebhizinesi rembavha.Ndapedza makore gumi nemaviri ndichipa ma "earthing conductors" kumakambani emagetsi nemakambani avo munyika dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu, uye chinyorwa chino chinotarisa ruzivo rwekuba kuri kukonzera shanduko iyi, nhamba dzeinjiniya dzinofanirwa kutariswa nemunyori we "spec writer", uye runyorwa chairwo rwandinotumira kune vatengi vari kunyora patsva mitemo yavo mushure mekubiwa.
- Tinovimba neongororo yeUS Department of Energy iyo yakaverenga zviitiko zvekubiwa kwemhangura zvinosvika 18,400 zvakashumwa nemakambani emagetsi 618 mugore rimwe chete, uye waya dzekuisa pasi pamatanda nemuzviteshi zvemagetsi dzakadomwa senzvimbo huru dzekuvavarira.
- Tinotora mashoko eEskom ekuti kuba mhangura kunodhura hupfumi hweSouth Africa pakati pemabhiriyoni mashanu emadhora ($5 bhiriyoni) nemabhiriyoni manomwe ($7 bhiriyoni) pagore, kambani iyi pachayo ichishandisa mari inosvika mabhiriyoni maviri emadhora ($2 bhiriyoni) pagore ichitsiva tambo dzakabiwa.
- Tambo yeCCS inopa 15% kusvika 40% yekufambisa simba kweIACS ine simba rekudhonza re560 kusvika 1040 MPa — rakasimba zvakapetwa kaviri kusvika kashanu pane mhangura yakanyungudutswa — nepo simbi yayo iri pakati payo ichiita kuti isashande zvakanaka payadhi yesimbi.
- Mumashoko edu ekutumira kunze kwenyika, tambo yeCCS inowanzo mhanya ne25% kusvika 40% pasi pemuchina wesimbi wakasimba wedhayamita imwe chete pamita imwe neimwe, kunyanya nekuti simbi iri pakati pesimbi inotsiva huwandu hwakawanda hwesimbi yemhangura.
- Tinogara tichienzanisa chiyero chekuchinjana kunotevedzera zvinodiwa nemhosva kwete nedhayamita: tanga waenzanisa chikamu chemhangura chakaenzana, wobva wasarudza nhamba yetambo, kirasi yekufambisa uye maclamp.
2am pachiteshi chemagetsi: mishumo yezviitiko inoti chii chaizvo?
Mumakore edu gumi nemaviri ekuverenga mishumo yezviitiko, chimwe chiitiko chinodzokorora. Muchiitiko ichocho, mbavha inocheka fenzi panzvimbo isina vanhu, inofuratira michina ine simba zvachose, uye inoenda zvakananga kune mhangura iri nyore uye yakachengeteka muchivanze: mitsetse yenguruve iri pasi pazvivako zvesimbi, majumper ekubatanidza fenzi uye maronda ari pasi pamatanda ari kunze.IyoOngororo yeDhipatimendi reSimba reUS pamusoro pekubiwa kwewaya dzemhangura kubva kumagetsiinonyatsoratidza maitiro aya — mbavha dzakanangana newaya dzemhangura dzekuisa pasi pamatanda emagetsi, mukati me transformers nemuzviteshi zvemagetsi, uye chimwe chiitiko chakanyorwa chakamanikidza kambani yemagetsi kuderedza simba renzvimbo yemagetsi kuti igadzire waya dzepasi dzakachengeteka dzakanga dzachekwa nembavha.Muna 2008 chete, makambani emagetsi mazana matanhatu negumi nemasere akaongororwa akashuma zviitiko zvekubiwa kwemhangura zviuru gumi nezvisere nemazana mana (18,400) nemari yekugadzirisa inosvika USD 22 miriyoni, uye vanhu gumi nevatatu vakafa panguva yekuyedzwa kwakaitwa.
Tinoona maitiro akafanana kure kure neAmerica.Zvinoenderana nechirevo chepamutemo cheEskom, kuba mhangura kunodhura hupfumi hweSouth Africa pakati pemabhiriyoni mashanu emadhora ($5 bhiriyoni) nemabhiriyoni manomwe ($7 bhiriyoni) pagore, uye kambani iyi inoshandisa mari inosvika mabhiriyoni maviri emadhora ($2 bhiriyoni) pagore ichitsiva tambo dzakabiwa. A Nhau dzakaburitswa nehurumende yeSouth Africainodzokorora mari imwecheteyo yeR2 bhiriyoni uye inotaura kuti kuba kwetambo kunotungamira kudzimwa kwenguva refu kwemagetsi uko kunokanganisa mabhizinesi nemasevhisi akakosha. Ndinonzwa nyaya imwecheteyo munyika dzese pandinotaura nevatariri vemidziyo yemagetsi: kurongeka kwekutsiva hakuwanzo kukonzera marwadzo - kudzimwa kwemagetsi, kuchengetedzeka uye kubiwazve ndizvo zvinokonzeresa kudzimwa kwemagetsi.
Invoice yakavanzika: kondakita wepasi akabiwa anodhura zvakadini chaizvo?
Kana tambo yekuisa pasi yanyangarika, ndinogara ndichiyeuchidza vatengi kuti waya ndiyo inonyanya kudhura pane dambudziko.Mukuona kwedu, mutengo chaiwo unosanganisira vashandi vekugadzirisa, hwindo rekudzima kana kuderedza simba, njodzi yekuchengetedza apo grid inofamba isina nzira yayo yakagadzirwa, uye chokwadi chekuti mbavha inodzosa kana mhangura itsva yaiswa.Ongororo yeDOE inoratidza pachena nyaya yekuchengetedzwa kwayo: magetsi aifanira kudzima magetsi kuzviuru zvevatengi kuti nzvimbo dzakakuvara dzakakuvara dzigadziriswe. Uye nzvimbo yakarasikirwa nemaconductor epasi haisi dambudziko remari chete - isina nzira yayo yakagadzirwa, magetsi emagetsi anotarisa dzimwe nzira, uye magetsi ematanho nematanho ari muchivanze anogona kuva nengozi kune mumwe munhu anopinda.
Ndinoudza vatengi kuti varege kuronga bhajeti yekubiwa kwemhangura senzira yekugadzirisa zvinhu, uye chikonzero chekudzoka kwezvese izvi ndicho chinova chikonzero.Tinoti munhu wese anotenga zvinhu zvechikafu chinotsiva chimwe chinhu anokokwa kuti adzokorore kushanya, nekuti unenge wangounganidza zvinhu chaizvo zviri kutengwa nemusika wezvirahwe zvemuno.Tinoona kuti zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa dambudziko iri zvinoshandura zvinhu, kwete kiyi chete.
Kuverenga shanduko yespec: sei uchichinja kubva pakutsiva zvinhu kuenda pakutsiva zvinhu?
Ndinoona maitiro akajeka mumakondirakiti ekutsiva atakatora mumakore akati wandei apfuura mukushanduka kwezvinodiwa mushure mekubiwa kakawanda. Muruzivo rwedu, odha yekutanga yekutenga inotsiva yakafanana neyakafanana. Yechipiri inowedzera makamera kana mapatiro. Pakazosvika yechitatu, mainjiniya anonyorazve chiyero pachacho - uye ndipo panowanzo nyorwa mubhokisi rangu rekutumira mifananidzo ine "simbi yakaputirwa nemhangura" pamusoro pemubati wemotokari. Hatisi toga mukuverenga uku - gwara reindasitiri rinonongedzera divi rimwe chete: iyoMushumo weCEATI pamusoro penzira dzakanakisisa dzekuderedza kuba kwemhangurainotaura zvakajeka dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa mhangura, kudhirowa kwemuchina wekusimbisa simbi uye shanduko dzekugadzira simbi dzepasi pegiredhi repamusoro nepasi pegiredhi senzira huru dzekudzivirira, pamwe chete nemafenzi, mwenje uye matanho ekusimbisa mutemo.
Tinozvitaura pachena: makamera nefenzi zvinorapa chiratidzo chacho; zvinhu zvinofambisa mafambiro emhepo zvinorapa chikonzero chacho.Nekuti kuba imhosva yehupfumi, nzira inochengetedza mari zvakanyanya ndiyo inobvisa mari inowanikwa - uye CCS strand inoita izvozvo chaizvo uku ichichengetedza mashandiro emagetsi asina kukanganiswa. Chikwata chedu chakatarisa magetsi emumaguta munzvimbo dzine kuba kwakanyanya achienzanisa CCS kune vese vane mari yepamusoro, uye mishumo yavo yekuba inonyangarika pamusangano wemwedzi wega wega wekuvimbika.
Nhamba dzeinjiniya: chii chinofanira kuongororwa nemunyori wezvinyorwa?
Hatimboregi nyaya yekurwisa kuba ichipembedza dhizaini yemagetsi isina kusimba, saka regai ndiise nhamba patafura.Waya yetambo yeCCSuyewaya yesimbi yakaputirwa nemhanguraMitsetse inogadzirwa kubva patambo 7 kusvika 37 ine dhayamita kubva pa4.2 mm kusvika 22.5 mm, jira remhangura re 0.25 mm, uye makirasi ekufambisa simba kubva pa15% kusvika 40% IACS. Simba rekudhonza rinotangira pa560 kusvika 1040 MPa, uye hupenyu hwebasa hwakatarwa hunodarika makore makumi mashanu. Kuti tiwane ruzivo, taura nesu.99.97% dhayakita yakachena yakasungwa nemhangurainokwana 90%+ conductivity yemagadzirirwo anoda mhangura yakasimba zvechokwadi.
| Pfuma | CCS strand (nzvimbo yedu) | Tambo yemhangura yakasimba (yakajairika) | Zvinorevei muchivanze chinowanzobirwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kufambisa kwemhepo | 15%–40% IACS | ~100% IACS | Saizi CCS inosvika dhayamita imwe kana mbiri kuti ienderane nebasa rekutadza |
| Simba rekusimba | 560–1040 MPa | ~220 MPa yakanyungudutswa | CCS inodzivirira kucheka nekutambanudza zviri nani |
| Chikamu chemhangura | Vashoma vemutungamiriri | 100% | Kukosha kweCCS kwakachekwa chikamu chemhangura yakasimba |
| Hupenyu hwebasa | >makore makumi mashanu | >makore makumi mashanu | Hapana chirango chehupenyu hwese chekuchinjana |
| Mutengo wezvinhu (mitengo yedu yekutengesera kunze kwenyika) | 25%–40% yakaderera pamita imwe neimwe | Nheyo yekutanga | CCS inowanzo dhura zvishoma kutenga, kwete kungochengeta chete |
| Kucheka nesimba | Mabanga esimbi akareba — esimbi | Zvakaderera | Mbavha dzakasiya nzira yekucheka |
Tambo yeCCS inodhura 25% kusvika 40% pasi pe conductor yemhangura yakasimba ine dhayamita imwe chete mumitengo yedu yekutengesera kunze kwenyika, kunyanya nekuti simbi iri pakati payo inotsiva huwandu hwakawanda hwemhangura hunosimudzira mutengo.Tinoda kutaura kuti musiyano uyu unowedzera pese panowanikwa mhangura, inova ndiyo nguva chaiyo iyo kumanikidzwa kwekuba kunowedzera — muchina wekudzivirira kuba unodzikira zvishoma kana tichienzanisa nemhangura panguva chaiyo yaunoda zvikuru.
Saizi yekuchinjisa ne fault duty: sei kukopa dhayamita kuchikanganisa?
Ndinoona chikanganiso chimwe chete kakawanda mumashoko ekutanga eCCS: kukopa dhayamita yemhangura zvakananga. Takaona nzira iyoyo ichideredza kondakita.Tambo ye30% IACS CCS inoda nzvimbo yepakati pechikamu checopper conductor yainotsiva kanenge ka1.7 kuti iite basa rakafanana rekutadza, saka basa rakakodzera ndeiri: verenga chikamu checopper chakaenzana chinodiwa, wobva wasarudza dhayamita yeCCS uye kirasi yekufambisa inosangana nayo.Tambo dzedu dzinofukidza waya 7 kusvika 37 dzine dhayamita ye monofilament ye 1.4 mm kusvika 3.2 mm, saka inenge yega yega copper callout ine CCS yakakura-nhanho imwe chete iyo ichiri kukodzera ma clamps akajairwa uye exothermic molds.
Ndine chikwereti chenyu chechokwadi kubva kumunda.Tinotenda kuti CCS ndiyo mhinduro chaiyo yekusimbisa, kubatana uye kugadzirisa miganhu, asi haisi nzvimbo inotsiva copper yega yega.— ma "feeders" ane simba guru uye mamwe ma "telecom application" achiri kutsigira mhangura yakasimba, uye mutsetse wedu we99.97% wemhangura wakavharirwa uripo wezviitiko izvozvo chaizvo. Tinofunga kuti mutengesi anovimbika anokuudza kuti muganhu uri papi pane kutengesa CCS yezvinhu zvese.
Mupi wezvibodzwa zveCCS zvekutsiva munhu anotora chinzvimbo
Isa chiratidzo pazvinhu zvawatogadzirisa. Chinopa chiratidzo chinoratidza kuti zvinodiwa zvekutsiva zvinhu zvako zvakakwana sei.
1/8 — danho rekutanga. Titumirei fault duty yenyu nedhayamita iripo, uye tichanyora zvimwe zvese nemi.
Nyaya ndiyo iri pamusoro - asi mabhizinesi akanakisa anochengetedza sei dziviriro yawo?
Mukutakura kwedu, CCS strand ndiyo inosimudza zvinhu zvinorema, uye mayunivhesiti ane nhamba dzekuba dzakanakisa anosanganisa izvi nemaitiro maviri akachipa. Kutanga, tinokurudzira kumaka kondakita: gwara reCEATI rinoratidza kutsika kwekondakita pakati pematanho ayo ekudzivirira, uye tinogona kupa tambo chiratidzo chinoita kuti kutengesazve kuonekwe.Chechipiri, tinokurudzira hutsanana hwekutenga - chirevo chinotsanangura kirasi yekufambisa, ukobvu hwemhangura, huwandu hwekudhonza uye huwandu hwetambo hahusiyi mukana wekutsiva chigadzirwa chakapfava, chine mhangura yakawanda panguva yekuisa.
Kubva kudivi redu retafura: kodha yekutsiva inotorwa nekubirwa inoita sei?
Tinotora kumhanya zvakanyanya semutengo kana kambani kana muparidzi wayo akatinyorera mushure mechiitiko. Fekitori yedu iri kuXinchang ine fekitori ye3,000 m² ine vashandi vanopfuura makumi mana vanogadzira uye timu yeR&D yevanhu vashanu, inotumira kunze kwenyika dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu, uye inogona kugadzira tambo yeCCS inosvika mamita 100,000 pamwedzi. Hunhu hunoshanda pasi peISO 9001 system - unogona kuona kuti chitupa ichocho chinorevei papeji repamutemo reISO 9001— uye kune vatengi vanoda kuyedzwa kwemagetsi kwezvinhu zvepasi kubva kune vamwe,CEPRI (China Electric Power Research Institute)ndiyo kambani inozivikanwa ine mishumo inogamuchira mabhodhi ekutengesa. Kutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika kwakanyorwa kwakasvika USD 15 miriyoni muna 2022, uye chikamu chikuru chehuwandu ihwohwo ikozvino chinotumirwa kumakambani anovakazve network dzepasi dzakakuvadzwa nekuba.
Ndinochengeta zvinhu zvitatu zvinoshanda mune imwe neimwe quotation yekutsiva:Tinorongedza tambo nepeta kusvika pahurefu hwatakatarwa, totumira kubva kuShanghai kana Ningbo, togadzira magwaro ese ekutumira kunze kwenyika — invoice, runyorwa rwekurongedza, chitupa chekwakabva uye zvitupa zvekuyedza — mudziyo usati wavharwa.Kana muri kuita kuti magetsi aenderane nezvinodiwa pazviteshi zvakasiyana-siyana, tinogonawo kuita nzvimbo yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi saka dzokororai maodha munogona kutumira pasina kutaurirana patsva. Munogona kutarisa zvese zviri muchikamu chedu.waya yesimbi yakaputirwa nemhangura.
Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa
Ko tambo yeCCS inogaya chikanganiso zvinobudirira here sezvinoita mhangura yakasimba?
Tinopindura kuti hongu, chero bedzi ichienzaniswa nehukuru hwechikanganiso pane dhayamita. Kondakita weCCS ane 30% kana 40% IACS, akawedzera saizi imwe kana mbiri, ane simba rechikanganiso rakafanana nemhangura yaanotsiva, uye ndinogara ndichikurudzira mainjiniya wekugadzira kuti asimbise chikamu chemhangura chakaenzana tisati tataura.
Sei mbavha dzichifuratira CCS strand mushure mechiitiko chekutanga?
Nekuti hupfumi hunonyangarika, sezvataona mumaakaundi edu emagetsi. Simbi inoreva kuti mita imwe chete yeCCS ine chikamu chidiki chemhangura muconductor yakasimba, mayadhi esimbi haabhadhare zvakawanda, uye simbi inodzivirira maturusi ekucheka anotakurwa nemabavha. Mashoko anofamba nekukurumidza mumakambani ekuba pamusoro pekuti ndeapi mayadhi asingachakodzeri njodzi.
Ko tambo yeCCS inogamuchirwa here mumitemo yekushandiswa kwemagetsi?
Tinopa vatengi gwara rekugadzirisa matambudziko emagetsi akadai seCEATI copper steal report, iyo inotaura zvakajeka nezvedzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko emagetsi panzvimbo pecopper copper, uye fekitori yedu inopa CCS strand mu utility uye EPC specifications munyika dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu. Tinoziva kuti kugamuchirwa kunogara kuchienderana nezvinodiwa munharaunda, saka ndinokurudzira kutumira kirasi ye conductivity uye test certificates kuinjiniya wako usati watora tender.
Ndeipi kirasi yekufambisa zvinhu yandinofanira kusarudza pakuisa pasi panzvimbo yekuisa magetsi?
Kazhinji ndinotaura nezve30% IACS pakubatanidza fenzi uye tambo dzenguruve dzinopfuura mwero; counterpoise uye longer run zvinowanzo ratidza kuti 40%. Kuverenga kwefault-current ndiko kunosarudza, uye tinogadzira 15%, 21%, 30% uye 40% mumhando imwe chete ye7-to-37-strands.
Ko tambo yeCCS inogona kusungirirwa exothermically semhangura here?
Ehe — tinosanganisa tambo yeCCS nemidziyo yakajairika ye exothermic inoenderana nedhayamita yetambo, uye simbi iri pakati haikanganisi weld. Tinopa michina inoenderana nesimbi ye weld, kuitira kuti joint neconductor zvibve pane imwe chete.
Ko odha yekutsiva inogona kutumirwa nekukurumidza zvakadii mushure mekubiwa?
Kugona kwedu kweCCS strand pamwedzi kunosvika mamita 100,000, uye dhayamita dzakajairwa dzinofamba nekukurumidza kubva pamitsetse yedu. Ndinogadzira invoice, runyorwa rwekurongedza, chitupa chekwakabva uye zvitupa zvebvunzo pamwe chete nekugadzirwa kuitira kuti seti yemagwaro isambove dambudziko.
Ko nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu zvisaririra icharamba CCS zvechokwadi here?
Tinoona kuti mayadhi mazhinji epamutemo anodzidza kuziva simbi yakaputirwa nemhangura nekukurumidza - bvunzo yemagineti inoratidza musimboti mumasekondi mashoma. Vamwe vachiri kuigamuchira nemitengo iri pedyo nesimbi, izvo chaizvo zvinonyanya kukosha: mari inobhadhara kuba kwemhangura yakarongwa haipo.
Kunyora patsva mutemo wako wepasi mushure mekubiwa?
Titumirei purogiramu yemuchina wekufambisa kubva pane zvakabiwa — kana kuti basa rekutadza chete nedhayamita yamakashandisa kare — uye tichadzosera tambo yakaenzana neCCS ine kirasi yekufambisa, nhamba yetambo, clamp uye mold fit, uye mutengo wefekitori.
Jane Yang— Maneja weKutengesa, Xinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd.
Jane apedza makore gumi nemaviri ari padhipatimendi rekutengesa kunze kwenyika mufekitori yedu yekudzivirira magetsi nemheni, achibatsira makambani emagetsi, makambani egrid nevagovanisi kuwana maconductor ekudzivirira kuba, zvigadzirwa zveCCS strand nesimbi yakaputirwa nemhangura pamwe nekuyedzwa kwakazara uye rutsigiro rwemagwaro.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-14-2026