TL;DR

Takazvionera nemaziso edu zvinoitika kana kugadzira fenzi yemagetsi kusina kunyatsotsanangurwa. Mumakore edu gumi nemanomwe ekugadzira zvimiti zvevhu nematanda epasi, kukundikana kwakanyanya kudzivirirwa kunobva pakusarudzwa kusina kunaka kwezvinhu zvematanda panguva yekutenga.

Nei Kugadzira Ivhu Zvakanaka Kuchisarudza Kushanda Kwefenzi

Kana mhuka yabata waya yefenzi mhenyu, denderedzwa rinopera mumuviri wemhuka, kuburikidza nevhu, uye rinodzokera kutsvimbo yemagetsi yefenzi yakabatana nechinhu chinopa simba chatakatsanangura. Kana tsvimbo iyoyo yevhu ikasakwanisa kupararira zvakanaka muvhu rakatenderedza, simba redu pafenzi rinodonha, uye mhuka yacho inobatwa nekushomeka kusina simba. Fekitori yedu yakaedza mazana emhando dzakasiyana dzevhu, uye maitiro aya anodzokorora nguva dzese: danda revhu risina kutsanangurwa zvakanaka ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekusashanda zvakanaka kwefenzi.

Pafekitori yedu yekugadzira muXinchang, tinogadziramatanda evhu emhangura chaiyodhayamita kubva pa12 mm kusvika 20 mm uye kureba kubva pa1.2 m kusvika 3 m. Mumakore gumi nemanomwe ekugadzira, takatumira ma electrode ekudzika pasi kune vanogovera zvekurima munyika dzinopfuura makumi mana, uye mhinduro dzatinounganidza dzinogara dzichiratidza chimwe chinhu chakawanikwa: vanogovera vanosarudza migove yemhangura yakavakirwa padata revhu rakanyorwa vanowana kudzoka kushoma kwechigadzirwa uye kuvimbika kwakasimba kune vatengi kupfuura avo vanosarudza pamutengo chete.

Zvinoenderana neDhatabhesi yezvigadzirwa zvekurima yeFAO, huwandu hwezvipfuyo pasi rose huri kuramba huchiwedzera, zvichikonzera kudiwa kwezvivakwa zvefenzi yakavimbika. Kubva pane zvatakasangana nazvo mukugadzira, vagovanisi vanonzwisisa hwaro hwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira ivhu vanozvipa ivo sevatengesi vekupa mazano kwete vatengesi vezvinhu, uye musiyano iwoyo unoreva kuchengetedza vatengi.

Zvigadzirwa zvedu zvinosanganisira mhangura chaiyo, mhangura yakaputirwa, uye matanda evhu akaputirwa nesimbi nekuti mamiriro evhu rega rega uye bhajeti rinoda mhinduro yakasiyana. Tinobatsira vagovanisi kuti vaenzanise zvinhu zvakakodzera musika wavo.

Tsvimbo dzeMhangura Dzakachena vs Mhangura Dzakaputirwa vs Mhangura Dzakaputirwa: Kuenzanisa Zvinhu

Isu tinogadzira mhando dzese nhatu dzetsvimbo, saka maonero edu pakusarudza zvinhu anobva paruzivo rwekugadzira zvakananga kwete pakufungidzira nezvekatalogu. Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chine nzvimbo pamusika, uye muparidzi ane sarudzo dzese nhatu anogona kushandira vatengi vakawanda. Tinogadzira Tafura iri pazasi inopfupikisa hunhu hunokosha pakushandiswa kwematanda evhu emagetsi.

Ruzivo rwedu rwekugadzira runoratidza kutitsvimbo dzevhu dzakaputirwa nemhanguraPane nzvimbo yepakati iyo vamwe vatengi vasinganzwisise. Kuisa mapurasitiki kwakasiyana nekuisa mapurasitiki: jira redu remhangura rakatetepa (kazhinji riri pasi pe 0.1 mm) uye haridziviriri zvakanyanya. Tinogara tichitsanangura musiyano uyu nevatinoshanda navo sezvo kunyora zvisina kunaka padanda rakaiswa mapurasitiki sekunge rakaiswa mapurasitiki kunotungamira mukunyunyuta kana chigadzirwa chedu chikakundikana muvhu rine acidic. Kana vatengi venyu varima munzvimbo dzine pH yevhu rakadzikama uye muchida sarudzo inokwikwidzana nemutengo, tinovaratidza nzira yedu.tsvimbo dzevhu dzakagadzirwa nesimbi or tsvimbo dzekuisa pasi dzakagadzirwa negalvanized dzinopisa, izvo zvinopa kushanda kwakasimba pamutengo wakaderera.

Kune mawebhusaiti ane zvinodiwa zvakanyanya,chikamu chetsvimbo yevhu yemhangura yakachenaMukatarogu yedu, tinonyora mhando dzese dzedhayamita nehurefu. Tinogadzirawotsvimbo dzepasi dzakaputirwa nemhangurakune vagovanisi vane vatengi vanoda chiyero chemutengo uye conductivity. Chikwata chedu cheinjiniya chinoongorora kugadzirwa kwega kwega zvichienderana nezvinodiwa vasati vaburitsa stock, uye tinochengetedza zvinyorwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinodzokera kumashure kune zvitupa zvezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa.

Tinogadzira matanda evhu emhangura akachena ane dhayamita kubva pa10 mm kusvika 20 mm uye kureba kubva pa1 mita kusvika pamamita matatu. Zviyero zviri pazasi zvinoratidza izvo vagovani vedu vekurima vanowanzo tsanangura pakushandisa fenzi yemagetsi.

Kutsanangura Kureba kweTsvimbo, Dhayamita, uye Chikamu Chemuchinjikwa

Zvinhu zviviri zvinoumba simba rekudzivirira pasi: nzvimbo yekubata tsvimbo nevhu uye simba rekudzivirira ivhu. Kuwedzera urefu kana dhayamita yedanda remhangura kunoderedza simba rekudzivirira, asi kureba kunopa purofiti yakakura pamutengo wezvinhu. Ndosaka zvatinosarudza zvichifarira simba repakati pe1.5 m ne2.4 m pane kugadzira mafuta mapfupi.

Fekitori yedu inogadzira saizi dzakajairika dzinotevera, uye tinoshandisa hurefu hwakasiyana-siyana kana takumbira:

• 12 mm x 1.2 m - Mapurazi ekugara uye madiki ekuzvivaraidza
• 14 mm x 1.5 m – Kubata zvipfuyo zvepakati (SKU yedu yatinosarudza)
• 14 mm x 2.0 m – Fenzi yekutengeserana yakajairika muvhu rakanyorova
• 16 mm x 2.4 m – Nzvimbo huru dzemafuro nenzvimbo dzisina mvura yakawanda
• 20 mm x 3.0 m – Zvinopa simba rakawanda pakuisa purazi

Paunenge uchitsananguratsvimbo yekudzika yefenzi yemagetsiPakugovera, tinokurudzira vatinoshanda navo kuti vachengete hurefu huviri: tsvimbo ye1.5 m yehupfu hwese uye tsvimbo ye2.4 m yevatengi vari munzvimbo dzine mvura shoma. Tichibatanidza izvi nezvibatanidzi zvetsvimbo zvebhuranziinobvumira vanoisa kuti vabatanidze zvikamu zviviri kuti vawane kudzika kwakawedzerwa pasina kuodha matanda marefu akakosha anowedzera mari yekutumira.

Chikwata chedu chemainjiniya chinoongorora data rekudzivirira ivhu renzvimbo yega yega yepurojekiti itsva yatinopinda. Nhungamiro iri pazasi inobva pane zvakaitika kwatiri mundima mumakondinendi mashanu.

Mamiriro Evhu uye Kugadzira Sisitimu Yekudzika

Kudzivirira ivhu kunosiyana zvichienderana nehunyoro, musanganiswa wemaminerari, uye tembiricha. Takashanda nevanotengesa mapurazi ari kumahombekombe eNew South Wales (Australia) uko loam yakapfuma munyu inosvika 20 ohm-meters, uye nevatinoshanda navo vanopa mapurazi ari pakati peTexas uko ivhu rakaoma rejecha rinodarika 500 ohm-meters. Rombo remagetsi repasi rinoita zvakanaka munzvimbo yekutanga richakundikana mune yechipiri kunze kwekunge mugadziri wesystem afunga kuti rinodzivirira.

Chikwata chedu chinoronga mazano ekugadzira ivhu muzvikamu zvitatu zvevhu:

Kudzivirira kwakaderera (pasi pe100 ohm-m): Ivhu rine ivhu rakawanda kana kuti rakanyorova. Kubva pane zvatakaita pakugadzira, matanda maviri kusvika matatu emhangura akachena ane urefu hwe1.5 m, akaparadzaniswa ne3 m, anokwanisa kudzivirira simba pasi pe10 ohms kune zvinopa simba zvinosvika majoules matanhatu.

Kudzivirira kuri pakati nepakati (100-300 ohm-m): Dombo rine kuoma kwemwaka. Kubva pane zvatakaita pakugadzira, tsvimbo nhatu kusvika shanu dzakareba 2.0 m, pamwe chete nevhu rakagadziriswa (bentonite backfill) kana zvichidikanwa. Fekitori yedu inogona kupa grounding compound yakasanganiswa papallet pamwe chete netsvimbo kuti zvive nyore kutakura zvinhu kune vatengi venyu.

Kudzivirira kwakanyanya (kupfuura 300 ohm-m): Ivhu rine jecha, matombo, kana rakaoma. Nhumbi nhanhatu kana kupfuura dziri pa2.4 m kana kupfuura, kana kuchinja kune ma electrode epasi emakemikari. Tinogadzira ma electrode epasi emakemikari emamiriro ezvinhu aya uye tinogona kukurukura magadzirirwo akagadzirwa kuburikidza nedutimu yekutsigira mainjiniya.

Tinosanganisira gwara rekuisa zvinhu pakutumira kwega kwega nekuti nzira chaiyo yekutyaira inokanganisa zvakananga hupenyu hwebasa remotokari. Maitiro ari pazasi ndiwo anotevedzerwa nemainjiniya edu emumunda.

Zvinokurudzirwa Kuisa Nzvimbo Dzekurima

Tinoshanyira nzvimbo dzemapurazi nevatinoshanda navo mukuparadzira kanenge kaviri pagore, uye zvikanganiso zvekuisa zvinoramba zviri zvechipiri pakukura kwekunyunyuta pamusoro penzvimbo (mushure mekusanyatsotsanangurwa). Ongororo inotevera inoratidza zvinodzidziswa nechikwata chedu chemainjiniya panguva yekushanya ikoko.

Drive wakatwasuka, kwete nekona. Tsvimbo yakakombama pamadhigirii makumi matatu kusvika yakatwasuka ine kudzika kushoma kwe15% uye inounganidza hunyoro hwepamusoro pane kusvika padanho repasi pevhu rakagadzikana. Shandisa chivharo chekutyaira kudzivirira shinda yepamusoro yetsvimbo panguva yekuisa.

Isa nzvimbo pakati pematanda akawanda nematanda maviri kana kupfuura. Pamatanda e2.0 m, chengetedza mukaha we4 m. Kubatanidza matanda aya pamwe chete kunoita kuti pave nenzvimbo dzinopindirana dzekudzivirira uye zvinorasa zvinhu pasina kuderedza kupesana kwesimba remagetsi zvakaenzana.

Isa pedyo netsime remvura kana zvichibvira. Tsvimbo dzakaiswa mukati memamita mashanu kubva pamudziyo, dhamu, kana nzvimbo yekudiridza dzinobatsirwa nehunyoro hwakawanda hwevhu gore rose. Sarudzo iyi yekuisa matanda imwe chete inogona kuderedza nehafu nhamba yetsvimbo dzinodiwa.

Isa mvura muchikamu chemvura munzvimbo dzakaoma. Kuputira tsvimbo nebentonite kana kuti chinhu chemvura chinofambisa mvura kunowedzera dhayamita inoshanda uye kunochengetedza hunyoro panguva yekuoma. Tinoisa zvinhu zvemvura mubhegi re25 kg rinotumirwa padanda rimwechete netsvimbo.

Kubatanidza Nzvimbo Yepasi neEnergizer

Kubatana pakati pedanda repasi nechiteshi chepasi che energizer kunotakura magetsi asina kunaka, saka inofanira kubata simba rese re energizer pasina kupisa kana ngura. Chikwata chedu cheinjiniya chinokurudzira 6 mm²(10 AWG) inochengetedza conductor yemhangura yefenzi dzinoshandisa simba rinosvika majoules gumi. Kune mayuniti anoburitsa zvinhu zvakawanda, wedzera kusvika ku10 mm²(7 AWG) kondakita.

Tinogadziraclip dzesimbi dzepasi dzakagadzirwa nemhangurazvinosunga kondakita yedu patsvimbo pasina kusungirirwa. Brass inodzivirira ngura yegalvanic kana yakabatana nemhangura, musanganiswa wakaitwa nechikwata chedu chemhando yepamusoro mumakamuri ekupfapfaidza munyu. Kushandisa simbi dzesimbi patsvimbo yemhangura kunokurumidza ngura pajoini, dambudziko ratinosangana naro kakawanda patinoongorora zvinhu zvisina kumira zvakanaka.

Kuti kondakita imhanye kubva padanda repasi kuenda kuenergizer, viga tambo yacho pasi pe200 mm kuti idzivirire kubva kumahwanda ezvipfuyo nemidziyo yepurazi. Kana tambo ichipinda muchivako, isa chinodzivirira kukwira kwesimba panzvimbo yekupinda. Rutivi urwu rwekudzivirira runodzivirira ma voltage transients kuti asakuvadze circuitry yemukati meenergizer, uye vatinoshanda navo vanoisa zvinodzivirira kukwira kwesimba ne grounding kits vanoti vimbiso ye energizer haidzokeri zvakanyanya.

Nguva dzekugadzirisa nekuongorora dzematanda emhangura

Mugodhi wemhangura haugadzike wokanganwa. Kunyange hazvo mhangura ichidzivirira ngura zviri nani kupfuura simbi, nzvimbo dzedu dzekubatanidza, insulation yemuchina wekufambisa mvura, uye mamiriro evhu akakomberedza zvese zvinochinja nekufamba kwenguva. Tinokurudzira kuti vatengesi vadzidzise vatengi vavo nezvemaitiro ari nyore ekuongorora egore negore.

Danho 1: Yera simba rekudzivirira pasi. Bvisa waya yevhu kubva pachinhu chinopa simba uye shandisa chinhu chinoedza simba rekudzivirira pasi. Kuverengwa kwezviyero zvefenzi dzekurima kuri pasi pe10 ohms. Kana simba rekudzivirira rakwira kupfuura 25 ohms kubva payakaiswa, wedzera tsvimbo kana kuvandudza backfill yedu.

Danho rechipiri: Ongorora zvinobatanidzwa nemaziso. Tsvaga kana paine girini yakasanganiswa pa conductor yemhangura (yakajairika) kana upfu huchena pa aruminiyamu kana simbi (mureza mutsvuku). Tsiva chero simbi ne brass kana stainless components yedu.zvibatanidzi zvetsvimbo zvebhuranziuye zvidzitiro zvinoita kuti izvi zvive nyore sezvo zvakagadzirirwa kubatana zvakananga kubva kumhangura kuenda kumhangura.

Danho rechitatu: Tarisa kuti tsvimbo dzapinda sei. Kukukurwa kwevhu kana kushanda kwemhuka kunogona kukonzera kuti tsvimbo dzipinde sei pamusoro. Kana tsvimbo inopfuura 150 mm yakakwira kupfuura mwero, zadza ivhu rakamanikana kana kuti conductive compound kuti uchengetedze hunyoro hwatinoedza kuti tione nzvimbo yatinosangana nayo.

Danho rechina: Nyora zvakawanikwa. Fekitori yedu inopa gwaro rekugadzirisa rakadhindwa rine zvese zvinotumirwa rinosanganisira minda yekuverenga kusimba kwemuchina, mamiriro ekubatana, uye kubatwa netsvimbo. Vatengesi vanopa magwaro aya kuvatengi vavo vanosimbisa maonero ehunyanzvi uye vanoderedza huwandu hwerutsigiro.

Kutevedzera Mutemo Wepasi Pose weGrounding

Fenzi yemagetsi yekurima inoshanda munzvimbo ine mitemo inosiyana zvichienderana nenyika, uye vatinoshanda navo mukuparadzira fenzi vanofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti ndeapi mitemo inoshanda kune zvigadzirwa zvavanotengesa. Mafuremu anotevera anopa mareferensi ekutanga ekutevedzera mitemo yema electrodes ekudzika pasi mumasisitimu efenzi yemagetsi.

UL 467inotungamira michina yekumisa pasi nekubatanidza muNorth America. Fekitori yedu ine chitupa cheUL chemhando yedu yesimbi yemhangura, uye zvese zvinotumirwa zvinosanganisira chiziviso chekutevedzera mitemo yeUL. Vatengesi vanopinda muUnited States kana Canada vanofanirwa kusimbirira pamagwaro eUL 467 kubva kuvatengesi vavo vekuChina sezvo zviremera zvemitero nemasangano ekuongorora vachisimbisa magwaro aya pavanopinda.

Mitemo yekuchengetedza magetsi yeOSHAzvinoda kuti masisitimu ekudzika pasi munzvimbo dzekutengeserana nemaindasitiri asvike pamiganhu yakatarwa yekusagadzikana. Kunyange zvazvo OSHA ichinyanya kutarisisa kuchengetedzeka kwebasa pane fenzi yekurima, dzimba dzinoshandisa vashandi vari pedyo nefenzi yemagetsi dzinobatsirwa nekuratidza kutevedzera zvinodiwa neOSHA 1910 Subpart S.

IyoIEC 60335-2-76 chiyeroinovhara zvinopa simba remagetsi fenzi pamwe chete nemasisitimu azvo epasi pasi padanho repasi rose. MuEurope,zvinodiwa zvehurongwa hwevhuZvakataurwa muIEC 62305 zvekudzivirira mheni zvinoshandawo kana maconductor efenzi achigovana zvivakwa zvepasi netsvimbo dzemheni. Tinokurudzira vese vanobatanidzwa mukuparadzira kuti vakumbire mishumo yekuyedza kubva kumarabhoritari ane mvumo inotaura nezvezvikamu zvakajairwa zvinoenderana nemusika wavo wavanoda.

Sisitimu yedu yekutarisira mhando yeISO 9001 inotungamira nhanho yega yega yekugadzira, kubva kunhumbi dzemhangura dzinouya kuburikidza nekudhirowa, kugadzira, kucheka shinda, kurongedza, uye kutumira. Tinochengetedza zvinyorwa zvekutevedza zvinobatanidza tsvimbo yega yega yakapedzwa nenhamba yayo yekupisa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, nhanho yemagwaro inogutsa kunyangwe vaongorori vekutenga vakaoma. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kugona kwedu mufekitori uye portfolio yecertification, shanyira yedupeji rekuonanakukumbira nhoroondo yekambani yedu nemishumo yekuyedzwa kwechigadzirwa.