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Gutunganya ubutaka mu mirima y'imirasire y'izuba bidakoresha ikoranabuhanga: Kugaragaza amashanyarazi y'ibinyabutabire mu mishinga ya PV ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga

Ubuyobozi bw'ibisobanuro by'amakuru ajyanye n'ubutaka ku bahanga mu by'ingufu za EPC zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba: uburyo electrodes 4.200 zikoreshwa mu gusya ibinyabutabire zoherejwe mu ruganda rwa PV rwa Saudi Arabia rufite imbaraga za MW 150 zagize ubushobozi bwo kurwanya 3.1 Ω mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu ku butaka bwa 1.800 Ω·cm - hamwe n'ingamba zo kugura, gushyiraho, no kugenzura byatugejeje aho.

TL;DR - Ibisubizo bitanu bivuye ku ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi ya 150 MW

  • Ni iki koko cyoherejwe?Electrode 4,200 zikoreshwa mu gusya ibinyabutabire ku ruganda rwa PV rwa Saudi Arabia rufite imbaraga za MW 150 mu gihe cy'ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya 2020-2022, hamwe n'izindi electrode zisimbura izakoreshwa mu isuzuma ryo mu 2023.
  • Amakuru yo mu murima yagaragaje iki?Impuzandengo y’ubudahangarwa bw’amapine yageze kuri 3.1 Ω ugereranije n’intego y’igishushanyo cya 5 Ω, aho amapine mabi cyane yageraga kuri 4.7 Ω mu mwaka wa gatanu w’igeragezwa mu mfuruka yumye cyane.
  • Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubutaka bwabishingiyeho?Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu byiciro bwagaragaje 73% bya electrode mu gice cya 1,000-2,000 Ω·cm; 6% mbi cyane yarenze 2,500 Ω·cm aho twagombaga kongeramo kabiri.
  • Ni ayahe mahame yari afite akamaro mu by'ukuri? IEEE 837ku bihuza,IEC 62561-7kugira ngo habeho ububiko bw'inyuma,Ingingo ya 690 ya NFPA (NEC)ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi uruhande rwa PV, naNEMA GR-1ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'inkoni.
  • Ni iki cyananiranye kandi ni iki cyakosowe?Itsinda rimwe ry’ibicuruzwa byaturutse ku batanga serivisi mu 2022 ryatesheje agaciro ikizamini cyacu cya Q3 cyo gupima ionic-stability (ibipimo 12 kuri 38 byatakaje igabanuka rya resistivity riri hejuru ya 35% nyuma y’iminsi 30 kuri 60°C); twimukiye mu gukora compounding mu nzu hanyuma twongera kubisuzuma mbere yo kohereza ubundi buryo.
Ishusho ya 1 — Electrode y'imiti ikoreshwa mu gusya ikoreshwa mu muringa irimo kumanurwa mu mwobo urimo gushyushya ku gikoresho cy'ikoranabuhanga cya PV mu gihe cyo gushyiraho uruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite mu 2021. Imvange y'amazi yuzuye agace kayicukura mbere yuko icyobo cy'igenzura gifungwa.

Amakuru y’iyi nkuru aturuka ku ruganda rwa PV rwo muri Saudi Arabia rwa megawati 150 rwatugezeho muri Kanama 2020 nk’iperereza risanzwe. EPC ifite icyicaro i Madrid yavuye ku giciro kuri buri gice ijya ku bisobanuro mu butumwa bwa kabiri bwo kuri imeri - injeniyeri mukuru wabo yari yabayeho mu mushinga wa megawati 50 mu 2018 aho ububiko bw’amashanyarazi bwari bwarenze urugero rw’amashanyarazi mu mwaka wa gatatu. Ibikurikira ni urukurikirane rw’amasoko, imitangire, n’igenzura byatanze ikigereranyo cya 3.1 Ω / 4.7 Ω kibi cyane / imyaka itanu idakoreshwa - hamwe n’itsinda rimwe ry’abatanga ibikoresho ryagize uruhare runini mu kugihagarika.

1. Uburyo bwo Kutabungabunga Ibihingwa Byatangiye Bitewe n'Uruganda Rudakora Ingufu Zivanze n'Amazi

Icyuho cyagaragaye ni uruganda rwa PV rwa Chili rwa MW 50 rwashyizweho mu 2018 rufite inkoni zisanzwe zipfutse umuringa n'ukwezi kwa gatatu ko kuhira. Mu mwaka wa gatatu, idirishya rya volteji yo gukoraho kuri padi esheshatu za inverter ryari ryarenze urugero rw'igishushanyo mbonera kuko ingendo ebyiri zo kuhira zari ziteganyijwe mu 2020 zasimbuwe (amabwiriza yo kunyura muri COVID). Izo nkoni ntizari zananiwe ku buryo bufatika - zari zimaze kuma. Ubudahangarwa bw'inkoni bwarenze urugero rwa 5 Ω kuri padi eshatu muri esheshatu.

Icyo ni cyo cyuho cy’imikorere electrode ikoresha imiti ifunga. Igicuruzwa cyacu ni igice cy’icyuma gipfutse mu muringa (milimetero 17.2 kugeza 25.4) kiri mu gikoresho cya mm 100 kugeza 150 cya augered annulus, cyuzuyemo ibumba rya hygroscopic - ibumba rya bentonite rivanze na magnesium sulfate n’inyongeramusaruro yo kubika amazi. Iki gikoresho cyinjiza ubushuhe bwo mu kirere kikabufata ku buso bw’inkoni; magnesium sulfate ikomeza gutwara ubutaka vuba. Ingaruka ku gihingwa ni uko idirishya rya volteji riguma mu gice cy’igishushanyo mu gihe cy’imyaka 25 kugeza 30, kandi uruziga rwo kuhira rugahagarara mu gishushanyo mbonera cya O&M.

Ingaruka zifatika ku bijyanye no gutanga amasoko.Kwandika "electrode yo gusya ibidukikije" mu buryo burambuye kuri inverter-pad byerekana ko bizamara imyaka itanu mu igenzura aho kuba amezi atandatu. Mu bice 4,200 by'uruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite, iryo hinduka rimwe ryakuyeho abantu bagera ku 1,800 basuraga aho gukorera buri mwaka mu iteganyagihe rya EPC rya O&M.

Ku mushinga wo muri Sawudite, itandukaniro riri hagati y’inkoni y’amazi n’amashanyarazi y’ibinyabutabire ryari amasezerano y’imyaka itanu EPC yandikaga ku mutungo ku munsi wa mbere. Iyo ayo mashusho amaze kugera mu cyumba, igiciro cya buri gice kiba ikintu gishobora kwirindwa.

2. Ikarita y'Uburinzi bw'Ubutaka yagennye Electrode 4.200

Igisubizo cy'ukuri kuriNi ryari electrode y'imiti ireka kuba ubushakeni ikarita yo kurwanya ubutaka. Ku ruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite twakoze ubushakashatsi bwa Wenner bw’udupira tune ku gice cya metero kare 1.8 hamwe n’udupira ku bujyakuzimu bwa electrode (imashini zipima metero 1.5 na metero 3.0). Isesengura riri hepfo ni ryo nkoresha iyo EPC ibajije ikibazo kimwe ku mushinga mushya.

Itsinda ry'ubudahangarwa (Ω·cm) Igice cya electrode Ibyo twavuze
Munsi ya ~500 0% (Aho Sawudite nta butaka yari ifite nk'iyi conductor) Ntibishoboka — ni gake cyane ahantu hakonje cyane.
Kuva kuri 500 kugeza ku 1.000 21% Electrode imwe ya shimi ya metero 1.5 kuri buri gapapuro; igipimo mpuzandengo ni 4.2 Ω.
Kuva ku 1.000 kugeza ku 2.000 73%(igitambaro cyo hagati cy'igishushanyo) Electrode imwe ya 2.4 m kuri buri gapapuro; igipimo mpuzandengo3.1 Ω.
Hejuru ya 2,000 6% (cyane cyane mu ruhande rw'amajyepfo y'uburengerazuba) Ikubye kabiri: electrode ebyiri za metero 2.4 mu ishusho ya delta hamwe n'urwego ruto rw'amabuye y'ubuso; igipimo kibi cyane ni 4.7 Ω.

Umubare w'ingenzi ni igipimo cy'ubudahangarwa ku bujyakuzimu bwa electrode buteganyijwe, ntabwo ari igipimo cy'ubuso.Ku rubuga rwa Sawudite, ubuso bwa pini enye bwari kuri 380 Ω·cm (byari kugaragaza ko inkoni iyobowe yari ihagije); metero 1.5 yari 1.400 Ω·cm naho metero 3.0 yari 1.800 Ω·cm. Iyo hatabaho ubushakashatsi bw’ibice, EPC yari kugaragaza ububiko bw’inkoni ziyobowe n’amazi.

Impamvu twongereye kabiri 6% by'udupira aho kugira ngo twongere uburebure.Imfuruka yo mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba iri hejuru y'urwego rwa caliche kuri metero 3.5 rurwanya gukomeza gutwarwa. Inkoni ebyiri mu ishusho ya delta zirusha inkoni imwe yimbitse ku butaka burimo ibice bifite substrate irwanya.

3. Icyo "Kutagira ubwisungane" bisobanura mu by'ukuri muri raporo yacu y'ibizamini by'ubwoko

Iyi nteruro ni iy’inganda ariko iragoye, bityo tuyishyira mu nyandiko kuri buri kohereza. Electrode idafite imiti ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza ku cyambu cyacu cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa ifite imiterere ine y’ubuhanga igaragara muri raporo y’igerageza ry’ubwoko, kandi raporo ni yo EPC igomba gusaba kureba mbere yo gusinya inyandiko y’ubwishingizi.

  1. Hygroscopic backfill (kuri buriIEC 62561-7).Bentonite ivanze na magnesium sulfate (atari sodium chloride, yibasira ibice by'imbere by'umuringa). Ikizamini cya ionic-stability cy'iminsi 30 gifata inzira z'ubusamo z'abatanga: ibinyabutabire byujuje ibisabwa bifite ≥80% byo kugabanya ubukana bw'ibinyabutabire; itsinda ry'abatanga ibikoresho ryo mu 2022 ryagabanutseho 65%, bituma habaho ihindagurika ry'ibinyabutabire mu nzu.
  2. Inkingi y'icyuma gipfutse umuringa kugira ngoNEMA GR-1, 254 µm nibura igipfundikizo.Igenzura ingese ya galvanic. Twanze umucuruzi wo mu 2021 ufite igipfundikizo cya µm 180 - specifikasiyo y'imbere yo gukwirakwiza ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi make ariko ikaba nto cyane ku buryo ESE idashobora gutwara umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi mu gihe cyo gukubita.
  3. Icyobo cyo kugenzura gihoraho gifite idirishya ryo gupima.Polima ya mm 300 × mm 300 × mm 300 (atari sima; imiyoboro ya sima mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bw'amazi). Uburyo bwo gupima butuma itsinda rya O&M risuzuma igeragezwa ry'umwaka wa gatanu mu masegonda 30 kuri buri gice.
  4. Nta gahunda yo kongera kuhira muri gahunda ya O&M.Igitabo cy’amabwiriza cya Arabiya Sawudite gisaba ko habaho gufunga mu mwaka wa mbere, uwa gatatu, n’uwa gatanu — nta kintu kiri hagati yabyo. Ihindagurika ry’amezi atandatu cyangwa cumi n’abiri ryo kuhira risobanura ko electrode yasobanuwe nabi.

Itandukaniro riri hagati yaelectrode yo gusimbuza imyukanainkoni y'ubutaka ya iyoni ikoreshwa mu gupima amashanyaraziMu murongo wacu harimo imiterere y'ikirere, ntabwo ari imikorere - umuyoboro w'umuringa ugereranije n'inkingi y'icyuma ipfutse umuringa, hamwe n'inyuma imwe. Byombi byatanze impuzandengo ya 3.1 Ω ugereranije n'intego ya 5 Ω ku ruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite.

4. Amabwiriza ane ashingiye ku bipimo ngenderwaho mu buryo bunyuranye bwa Saudi Arabia

Ibipimo by’Abasawudite byashingiye ku bipimo bine. Ni irihe tegeko ryagennye icyemezo cy’ingenzi EPCs zikunze gusiga zitagaragara - dore ikarita y’imikorere.

Igisanzwe Icyo yagengaga Ibyo EPC yagaragaje
IEEE 837 Imiyoboro ya exothermic-svedued kuva kuri buri electrode kugeza ku gikoresho gitera amashanyarazi hasi. Urutonde rw'ibihuza ingano y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukoreshwa (twakoresheje 4/0 AWG ku gice cy'inyuma, 2 AWG ku bikoresho byihariye); raporo y'igerageza rya "cable-to-rod".
IEC 62561-7 Imvange y'ibice by'inyuma ubwayo. Raporo y'ikizamini cy'ubwoko: igipimo cyo kugabanya ubukana bw'ingufu ku bushyuhe bw'ikigereranyo hamwe na 60°C / ibisubizo by'iminsi 30 by'ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu.Akenshi ntaho bikunze kugaragara mu magambo y'abanywanyi.
Ingingo ya 690 ya NFPA (NEC) Ingano y'igikoresho gitera imbaraga kuva ku gitereko cy'urutonde kugeza kuri electrode. Ingano y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa kuri mbonerahamwe ya NEC 690, hamwe n'aho electrode ihagarara byashyizwe ku gipimo cyemewe cy'ibice (UL 467 muri Amerika, nubwo uruganda ubwarwo ruri muri Arabiya Sawudite - EPC yakoresheje urutonde rwa Amerika nk'ishingiro ry'igenzura).
NEMA GR-1 Ingano z'inkoni, ubugari bw'umuringa, imiterere igororotse. Icyemezo cy'urusyo: umurambararo ± 0.1 mm, ubugari bw'umuringa ≥254 µm, imiterere igororotse ≤1 mm / 300 mm.

Ku bijyanye na MV pads na POI substation,IEEE 80naIEEE 665byari imbogamizi zo gufatana, ntabwo ari ukudakora neza kw'amapine. Aba bayobozi bombi bagombaga kumvikana kuri IEEE 837 mbere yuko umwe muri bo asinya.

Ingingo yari hafi kwangiza gahunda.Ikizamini cya IEC 62561-7 cyo gupima ionic-stability cyagarutse ku kigero cya 65% ku isoko rya mbere ry’abatanga ibicuruzwa hagati mu 2022 - munsi y’umubare twari dufite wa 80%. Twafashe igihe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu byumweru bitandatu dukurikiza umurongo w’ibikoresho byo mu nzu. Igihe cyo kwakira ubuziranenge cya EPC cy’iminsi 90 cyaranze igihe cyo gutinda.

5. Aho Electrode zagiye mu buryo bw'ukuri ku murongo

Ku ruganda rwo muri Sawudite, ikibazo cya "nibashyire he" cyasubijwe hakurikijwe igishushanyo cy'umurongo umwe EPC yavuguruye inshuro eshatu mbere y'uko kontineri ya mbere yoherezwa. Ama-electrode y'ibinyabutabire yaguye ku bwoko butanu butandukanye bw'aho aherereye - kandi inyandiko y'amasoko yagombaga kugaragaza ibipimo ngenderwaho byagengaga aho aherereye, kuko imiterere y'ama-electrode imwe yagenwe mu buryo butandukanye kuri buri kimwe.


Ishusho ya 2 — Electrode y’ubukorikori bw’ubwoko bwa electrolytic ion ground rod mu mwobo w’igenzura warangiye kuri inverter pad ya Saudi-plant. Imbere hapfutse umuringa hasuzumishwa ku buryo bwa exothermic ku gikoresho gishyiraho icyuma ku rwego rw’uwo mwobo w’igenzura.
  1. Inverter pads.Yatangiriye kuri imwe kuri buri padi; yongereyeho isegonda kuri padi 14 aho ubushakashatsi bwa metero 1.5 bwari hejuru ya 1.800 Ω·cm (electrodes 1.316, impuzandengo ya 3.1 Ω).
  2. Udupapuro twa transformer twa MV.Electrode ebyiri kuri buri padi hamwe n'urwego rw'amabuye yo hejuru, byakozwe ku idirishya rya IEEE 80 rya voltage na touch-na step (udupira 84, electrode 168).
  3. Udusanduku two guhuza.Electrode imwe kuri buri gasanduku (electrode 1.890).
  4. Impera zombi z'igice kinini cy'ibikoresho bya DC gitera hasi.Ama-electrode abiri (umubyimba wa kilometero 1.4).
  5. Imipaka ya ESE lightning down-conductor.Ibikoresho 24 by'umwuka bya ESE ku murambararo w'urukiramende n'aho gusimbuza MV switchgear, buri kimwe gifite electrolytic ion ground rod termination (ubushobozi bw'umuvuduko w'ingufu ni bwo bwatumaga habaho guhuza).

Igiteranyo: electrodes 4.200 za chimique, zihuye na gahunda yo gutanga amasoko ya EPC n'amakontena yavuye muri Xinchang hagati ya Nzeri 2020 na Werurwe 2022. Ikosa mbona kenshi ku ivugurura rya mbere ni ugufata ubwoko bwose butanu bw'ahantu nk'aho busa - ntabwo ari bwo. Inyandiko yo gutanga amasoko igomba kugaragaza ibipimo ngenderwaho bigenga aho hantu.

6. Uburyo bwo gushushanya ibintu bya “backfill-chimie” bwatumye umuntu atandukana n'undi

Ku mushinga wo muri Sawudite, ibisobanuro bya backfill byatandukanije abagombaga gupiganira isoko babiri. Umwe yohereje kataloge y'amapaji 14 ifite icyitegererezo kimwe cya IEC 62561-7 ku gifuniko cy'inyuma. Undi yohereje raporo y'ibizamini by'ubwoko bw'amapaji 38 ikubiyemo uburyo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe mu bihe bine by'ubushyuhe, ibisubizo bya ionic-stability mu minsi 30, umurongo wo kubika ubushyuhe mu minsi 90, hamwe n'itangazo ry'amategeko agenga ibidukikije mu cyiciro cya ESIA. Icya kabiri ni umutanga serivisi EPC yanditse muri gahunda ya O&M y'imyaka 25.

Imvugo yo kugura twarangije kwandika ku bijyanye n’imiterere y’ubutaka muri Arabiya Sawudite yavugaga imitungo ine — imitungo ine imwe tuyipimisha mu nzu kuri buri kintu cyose cyoherejwe, n’indi ine imwe igaruka muri raporo yacu y’igerageza ry’ubwoko.

  • Igipimo cyo kugabanya ubukana bw'ingufu (bikurikije IEC 62561-7).Igipimo gisanzwe: 12:1 kuri 20% by'ubushuhe bw'ikigereranyo.
  • Guhagarara kw'ionic mu gihe kirekire (60°C / kongera gupimwa mu minsi 30).Sulfate ya manyeziyumu hejuru ya sodium chloride (chloride yibasira ibice by'umuringa); ingano ya ≥80% yo kugumana. Itsinda ry'abatanga ibikoresho ryo mu 2022 ryagarutse kuri 65% - imbarutso yo gukora imvange mu nzu.
  • Kugumana ubushuhe mu gihe cy'iminsi 90 yo kuma.73% byo kubika nyuma y'iminsi 90 kuri 35°C / 30% RH — amakuru EPC yakoresheje mu gushyiraho ikizamini cyo kongera gukora umwaka wa gatanu.
  • Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko agenga ibidukikije muri ESIA.Inyura ku gipimo gisanzwe cy'amazi kiri munsi ya 1 mg/L ku byuma bigenzurwa.

Uruganda rugaragaza raporo y’ibizamini by’ubwoko bune bw’imitungo ni urwo EPC yandika muri gahunda ya O&M y’imyaka 25; urwo rufite urupapuro rw’ingano y’inkoni rugaragara mu mwaka wa kabiri rufite imeri "ishya ivuguruye".

Ishusho ya 3 — Jeli yo mu bwoko bwa Hygroscopic backfill n'udupira duto dukoreshwa imbere no hafi y'icyuma gitera ubutaka. Uruvange rwa bentonite-electrolyte nirwo rufata ubushuhe ku nkoni kandi rugakomeza kurwanya ubutaka mu gihe cy'izuba.

7. Uburyo twasobanuye inzira y'Intambwe Esheshatu kuri EPC yo muri Saudi Arabia

Uburyo bwo gushyiraho EPC bufite intambwe esheshatu ni bumwe dukoresha kuri buri mushinga wa PV ukoreshwa mu gutanga serivisi. Ntabwo ari urutonde rusange - buri ntambwe ifite icyemezo injeniyeri wa EPC agomba gufata ku mushinga we.

  1. Kora ubushakashatsi bwa Wenner bwo kurwanya ubutaka bw'imirongo ine mu gice cyateganijwe cy'aho ubutaka buherereye.Andika ku bujyakuzimu bwa metero 1.5 na metero 3.0. Itandukaniro hagati y'ubuso n'ubujyakuzimu ku gice cya Arabiya Sawudite ryari 4 × (380 Ω·cm vs 1.800 Ω·cm).
  2. Shyiraho uburyo bwo guhangana n'intego ya buri padi uhereye ku gishushanyo cy'umurongo umwe w'umushinga.Itsinda rya EPC ryo muri Saudi Arabia ripima 5 Ω kuri buri gikoresho cy’amashanyarazi (inverter pad) na 1 Ω kuri gridi y’amashanyarazi muri rusange; byombi byakozwe mu mwaka umwe n’itanu wo kongera kugerageza.
  3. Shyiraho inyandiko igaragaza uburyo ibintu bisubikwa, hamwe na raporo y'ibizamini by'ubwoko bune by'imitungo.Itsinda ry’abatanga ibicuruzwa ryo mu 2022 ni ryo ryabaye ikizamini — raporo yasanze hari 65% by’ibicuruzwa byari bisigaye mbere yo koherezwa.
  4. Funga imiterere y'inkoni n'uburyo bwo guhuza.Imiterere ya electrolytic ion ifite uburebure bwa mm 17.2 × 2.4 m ipfutse umuringa kuri inverter pads; 25.4 mm × 2.4 m ipfutse electrolytic ion kuri MV pads n'imirasire y'imirasire. Imiyoboro ihuzwa na exothermic kuriIEEE 837, nta bikoresho byo gufunga by'imashini.
  5. Shyiramo mu butaka butarimo umwanda ukoresheje icyuma gipima uburebure bwa mm 100.Igikoresho kimwe cyo gukurura amazi mu gice cyose cyuzuye — nta bikoresho byihariye byo gukoresha. Shyira amazi mu cyuma mbere yo gufunga icyobo cyo kugenzura; irinde kuyashyira mu mazi ahagaze (igihe cy'iminsi 14 cyumye mbere yo kuyashyiraho ni itegeko rigenga aha hantu).
  6. Igenzura ukoresheje ikizamini cy’ubushobozi bwo gukora akazi mu mwaka wa gatanu.Dukurikije umuryango wa IEEE 81 method; kurwanya ibiti, ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka, n'ubushuhe. Igeragezwa ry'umwaka wa gatanu ry'uruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite ryagarutse ku mpuzandengo ya 3.1 Ω hamwe n'agace kabi ka 4.7 Ω.

8. Ingano y'ibipimo Ntitwayikoze neza ku nshuro ya mbere

Ama-electrode 200 ya mbere ku ruganda rwo muri Sawudite yoherejwe hamwe na auger ya mm 75 (injeniyeri wa EPC yari yayikoresheje mu mushinga wabanje wo gucukurwaho imigozi) kandi ingano y'amazi yagarutse kuri impuzandengo ya Ω 5.8 ugereranije n'intego ya Ω 5 - icyo gice nta mwanya cyari gifite wo kuvomera. Twimuriye kuri mm 100 kuri electrode 4.000 zisigaye maze impuzandengo igabanuka igera kuri 3.1 Ω. Utwobo 200 duto ntabwo twongeye gucukurwa; ni 6% by'udupira turi mu "bande ya Ω·cm iri hejuru ya 2.000 twahawe electrode ebyiri.

Igipimo Ibahasha yo gukoreramo (uruganda rwo muri Sawudite) Kuki
Umurambararo w'ibanze 17.2 mm (inverter pads); 25.4 mm (MV pads, ESE terminations) kuriNEMA GR-1 Uduce duto tw’inyuma tugabanya imbaraga za mekanike mu gihe cyo gushyiraho icyuma gifunga.
Uburebure metero 2.4 Munsi ya metero 1.5, ubushuhe bw'ibihe ni bwo bwiganje — igipimo cy'ubuso bwa Ω·cm 380 cyari kuba ari cyo kintu cyonyine cyashoboraga kuboneka iyo tuza kuba duhagaze mu buryo buciriritse.
Umwanya w'umwobo wa Auger Nibura mm 100 Munsi ya mm 100, agace k'amazi gatera amazi mu mazi ntabwo gatanga amazi. Igerageza rya mbere rya mm 75 kuri aka gace ryatwaye impuzandengo ya 0.4 Ω.
Icyobo cyo kugenzura n'aho guhurira Icyobo cya polymer gifite 300 mm × 300 mm × 300 mm; igikoresho gihuza IEEE 837 gifite exothermic-welded Polymer irusha beto mu gihe cy’ihindagurika ry’ikirere ry’ubushyuhe bw’amazi. Ibikoresho bya mekanike byananiwe ikizamini cy’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi ku ntebe yacu y’imbere.

Itandukaniro rya 0.4 Ω riri hagati ya mm 75 na mm 100 auger ni ryo tandukaniro rinini cyane rya install-side twapimye - kandi ni ihinduka injeniyeri wa EPC agenzura, ntabwo ari uruganda cyangwa chemistry yo gusoza. Umurongo uhuza ushobora gukomezwa uhereye kuri spec desk; auger ntabwo ishobora.

9. Uburyo ibi bifitanye isano n'ingufu z'izuba ku isi — n'impamvu ari ingenzi mu kugura EPC muri 2026

3.1 Ω y’uruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite ntabwo ari ikintu cyoroshye kurusha ibindi. Mu byoherejwe mu 2020-2025 mu ikoranabuhanga rya PV mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, Afurika y’Amajyaruguru, mu Majyepfo y’Uburengerazuba bwa Amerika, no mu gihugu cya Ositaraliya, impuzandengo y’ubudahangarwa ku bikoresho byagenwe neza yageze ku rugero rwa 2.8 kugeza kuri 3.6 Ω ugereranije n’intego ya 5 Ω. Itandukaniro rya 0.8 Ω riterwa n’umugozi w’ubutaka n’umurambararo w’umurambararo w’umurambararo w’umurambararo ku ruhande rwo gushyiraho. Guhuza kwa Backfill-chemistry ntabwo ari ikintu cy’ingenzi kuruta digitasiyo ya auger-hole - icyavumbuwe cyatunguye itsinda ryacu rya QA ubwo twagenzuraga amakuru yo mu mwaka wa gatanu w’igerageza tugereranije n’inyandiko zo gushyiraho.

Iyo miterere y'amakuru yo mu murima ihanganye n'iy'ikusanyirizo riri gushyirwaho ubu, naGukurikirana IEA-PVPS, ubushobozi bushya bwa PV burenga 400 GW ku mwaka.Ifoto ya IEA-PVPS 2024yemeza ko PV iteranyije yarenze 2 TW;IEA Ishobora Kuvugururwa 2024raporo y’imishinga ivuga ko PV ku rwego rw’ingufu zizakomeza kuba umusanzu munini mu kongera ubushobozi bushya bwo kongera gukoreshwa kugeza mu 2030. Ku matsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko, gukwirakwiza ubutaka byavuye ku murongo usanzwe w’inkoni n’icyuma bijya ku cyiciro cyemewe cy’ibipimo by’ingufu zikoreshwa - kandi abatanga serivisi bashobora gukora raporo y’ibizamini by’ubwoko bune bw’imitungo ni bo batsinze iperereza.

Ingaruka zifatika ku bijyanye no gutanga amasoko.Iyo uruganda rwa PV rupima megawati magana menshi ari rwo rufatiro rw’igishushanyo mbonera, gusya ubutaka ntibiba bikiri ikintu cyo kugura ku giciro kimwe. Ni amasezerano y’imyaka 25 kugeza kuri 30 EPC yandika ku mutungo ku munsi wa mbere, kandi electrode y’ibinyabutabire ituma uwo mwenda uterwa inkunga n’imishinga.

10. Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa n'Amatsinda Ashinzwe Gutanga Amasoko ya EPC

Ni iki gikoresho cy'amashanyarazi gikoreshwa mu gusya imirasire y'izuba?

Inkoni y'icyuma ifite umuringa yashyizwemo ihagaze kandi ikikijwe n'ikintu gifata amazi ahagije gifata ubushuhe bw'ikirere, bigatuma electrode idahinduka mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi idakoreshejwe amazi n'intoki. Ku ruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite, 4.200 boherejwe kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu 2022 bafite impuzandengo ya 3.1 Ω ku mwaka wa gatanu.

Kuki gusya itaka bidasaba gusanwa ari ingenzi kuri PV yo mu rwego rwo hejuru?

Ibimera bingana na hegitari mirongo kugeza ku magana bifite ahantu ibihumbi hakoreshwa electrode. Electrode isanzwe ku gihe cyo kuhira cy'amezi atandatu cyangwa cumi n'abiri isiga umutungo utarinzwe iyo igihe cyagenwe kibaye kibi. Gutera ubutaka budafite isuku bikuraho uruziga.

Ni ubuhe buhanga bwo kurwanya ubutaka bukabije ku buryo inkoni itwarwa yonyine idashobora kubukoresha?

Hejuru ya Ω·cm 1.000, inkoni imwe ikozwe mu muringa ntishobora kugera munsi ya Ω 5 ku gisenge nta nkoni nyinshi cyangwa ngo ishyirwemo uburebure buhanitse. Ku ruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite, 73% by'urutonde rwari mu gice cya 1.000-2.000 Ω·cm; 6% hejuru ya 2.000 Ω·cm yabonye electrodes za delta-pattern.

Ni ibihe bipimo ngenderwaho bikurikizwa ku gusya imiti ku nganda za PV?

IEEE 837ku bihuza,IEEE 80 / IEEE 665ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’uburyo sitasiyo ikora,IEC 62561-7ku bintu byo gusya ivumbi, noIngingo ya 690 ya NFPA (NEC)kugira ngo sisitemu ya PV ikoreshwe.NEMA GR-1ipfuka inkoni ubwayo.

Electrode y'ibinyabutabire imara igihe kingana iki ikora?

Electrode yagenwe neza itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ingufu mu gihe cy’imyaka 25 kugeza kuri 30. Ubuso bw’umuringa bugenzura ingese ya galvanic; inyuma y’amazi ikomeza gukora kuko iba ifite hygroscopic. Electrode 4.200 z’uruganda rwo muri Arabiya Sawudite ntizongere kuvomererwa kuva zashyirwaho.

Ese electrode z'ibinyabutabire zujuje ibisabwa na NEC 690?

Yego.Ingingo ya 690 ya NFPA (NEC)itwikira sisitemu ya PV; electrode y'ibinyabutabire ifite igice cy'imbere gipfutseho umuringa naIEEE 837ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa.

Ni gute shimi yo gusoza imyitozo ngororamubiri itandukanye na bentonite yonyine?

Bentonite y'umwimerere ni hygroscopic ariko igabanya ingano ya iyoni mu bihe by'izuba. Ifumbire yo kuzura idasaba kubungabunga yongeraho umunyu wa electrolyte (ubusanzwe ni magnesium sulfate) hamwe n'inyongera yo kubika amazi.

Ni hehe electrode za shimi zigomba gushyirwa ku rutonde rwa PV?

Ku ruganda rwo muri Sawudite: 1.316 kuri inverter pads, 168 kuri MV pads, 1.890 kuri combiner boxes, 2 ku mpera zombi z'umuvuduko wa DC wa 1.4 km, 24 kuri ESE forestrings - 4.200 zose hamwe. Jeometrie iratandukanye bitewe n'aho iherereye.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya electrode y'ibinyabutabire n'inkoni y'ubutaka ya electrolytic ion?

Bikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye mu mpapuro nyinshi z'amakuru. Muriumurongo wacu, electrode y'ibinyabutabire ikoresha umuyoboro w'umuringa;inkoni y'ubutaka ya iyoni ikoreshwa mu gupima amashanyaraziikoresha igice cy'imbere cy'umuringa.

11. Gusoza — Icyo twasabye EPC yo muri Saudi Arabia kutwoherereza ku munsi wa mbere

Niba uri injeniyeri w’umushinga wa EPC ufite inyandiko y’amasoko ifunguye, nibura itwemerera gutanga ibisobanuro nta nshuro y’ibyumweru bitandatu yo gusobanura ni ibintu bitandatu itsinda rya Madrid ryohereje muri Kanama 2020: igishushanyo cy’umurongo umwe gifite aho electrode iherereye, ubushakashatsi bwa Wenner bw’urwego ku bujyakuzimu bwateganyijwe, intego zo kurwanya kuri buri padi na buri ruziga, igipimo ngenderwaho cy’umuyoboro (ubusanzweIEEE 837), uburyo bwo gusoza ingano y'ibice by'inyuma (backfill compound standard)IEC 62561-7), hamwe n'ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ESIA.

Ku mushinga ubaho, inzira yihuta cyane niurupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa bya electrode y'imiti,inkoni y'ubutaka ya iyoni ikoreshwa mu gupima amashanyarazinamodule y'ubutakaimpapuro, cyangwa5 za mbereurubuga.Hamagara ibiro byacu byo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahangakugira ngo muganire mu buryo butaziguye.

Ku bijyanye n'umwanditsi — Jane Yang
Umuyobozi ushinzwe ubucuruzi, Ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bwo kurinda ubutaka n'imirabyo muri Xinchang Shibang New Material Co., Ltd. (ShiBang) — Uburambe bw'imyaka 12 mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bufasha abakiriya ba EPC bo mu mahanga n'abakwirakwiza ibicuruzwa mu mishinga yo kurinda inkuba no gusimbuza ubutaka. ShiBang imaze imyaka irenga 17 ikora ibikoresho byo gusimbuza ubutaka n'imirabyo mu gihe cy'imyaka irenga 17 ikorera mu kigo cyayo kiri mu Karere ka Xinchang, Zhejiang, mu Bushinwa, hamwe na serivisi yuzuye yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ikubiyemo igenzura ry'ubuziranenge, gahunda y'ibikoresho, n'inyandiko zo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga. Amakuru ari muri iyi nkuru aturuka ku mushinga wa PV wa Saudi Arabia wa megawati 150 Jane yayoboye hagati ya 2020 na 2025.LinkedIn, FacebookcyangwaX.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Nzeri 2026